Content
For infectious diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia, doctors recommend taking the antibiotic Klacid CP 500 - the instructions for use inform that the active ingredient enters the bloodstream and destroys pathogenic flora. The action in the body is systemic, positive changes in general well-being are observed already for 2-3 days. It is important to remember that Klacid tablets must be taken orally in a full course only at the insistence of the attending physician.
This antibacterial drug belongs to the pharmacological group of macrolides, has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic properties; while acting systemically. With prolonged use, the antibiotic can provoke side effects, it is important to be wary of an overdose. According to the instructions for use, Klacid CP 500 is available in the form of oval yellow tablets, intended for oral administration. In addition to pills in blisters, the carton contains instructions for use.
Composition
The active ingredient is a semi-synthetic antibiotic called clarithromycin, which provides prolonged action in the body. This means that the active substance of synthetic origin is released for a long period when passing through the digestive system. Auxiliary components in the chemical composition of Klacid CP 500 are as follows: citric acid on an anhydrous basis, stearic acid, sodium calcium alginate, lactose, sodium alginate, talc, povidone K30, magnesium stearate.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Clarithromycin reaches its maximum concentration after 2 hours from the moment of taking a single dose. After its penetration into the digestive tract, the disintegration process of the active components of Klacid CP 500 is observed in the liver, and the level of bioavailability of synthetic components is 50%. Inactive metabolites are excreted by the kidneys through the urinary tract at a concentration of 70%, and 30% through the intestines.
Indications for use
This drug is recommended for use in pathological conditions associated with increased activity of the bacterial flora, sensitive to the effects of clarithromycin. According to the instructions for use, such a pharmacological appointment of Klacid CP 500 is appropriate in the following clinical pictures strictly on the recommendation of the attending physician:
- acute and chronic bronchitis;
- pneumonia;
- sinusitis;
- pharyngitis;
- odontogenic infections;
- tonsillopharyngitis;
- otitis media;
- infection of soft tissues and skin;
- mycobacterial infections;
- prevention for AIDS patients.
Contraindications
With increased activity of pathogenic microorganisms, oral administration of Klacid CP 500 is not allowed for all patients. The detailed instructions for use indicate medical contraindications, in which such antibacterial treatment can only harm the general state of health, provoke side effects. The restrictions are as follows:
- porphyria;
- age restrictions up to 18 years;
- lactose intolerance;
- renal failure;
- increased activity towards the synthetic components of the specified drug.
According to the detailed instructions for use, there are medical contraindications in relation to the complex treatment regimen. It is forbidden to simultaneously take Klacid CP 500 and the following medications: Pimozide, Terfenadine, Astemizole, Cisaprid, Ergotamine, Alprazolam, Dihydroergotamine, Midazolam, Triazolam. The stability of synthetic components in complex interactions poisons the body, provokes side effects.
Method of administration and dosage
The tablets are intended for oral administration, and it is advisable to discuss the features of antibiotic therapy with your doctor in more detail. The duration of conservative treatment is 5-14 days, depending on the nature of the pathology. The tablets are taken orally during meals, swallowed whole, washed down with plenty of water. The daily dose is 1 pill, in complicated clinical situations it can be increased to 2 pills. The activity of harmful bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms decreases almost after taking the first dose.
special instructions
If a patient is diagnosed with kidney and liver problems, the daily dose of the medication needs to be halved. At the same time, it is important to exclude the additional use of medications with the metabolic process in the liver. With prolonged use of Klacid CP 500, candidiasis develops, and colonies of harmful fungi are insensitive to the effects of clarithromycin. In this case, certain adjustments are required in the complex treatment regimen.
A characteristic medication has a systemic effect in the body, so side effects can affect all internal organs and systems. Superficial self-medication is excluded, since there is a high probability of local or general intoxication. Through clinical and laboratory studies, it became known that the antibiotic Klacid CP 500 reduces concentration, inhibits the activity of psychomotor functions.
During pregnancy and lactation
If bacteria are found in the body of the expectant mother, conservative treatment with the drug Klacid CP 500 can be carried out strictly under medical supervision. Clinical studies of these categories of patients have not been conducted, therefore, oral antibiotic administration is appropriate if the benefits to maternal health are higher than the potential risk of intrauterine development. During lactation, antibiotic therapy is not recommended; or you need to temporarily stop breastfeeding, temporarily transfer the baby to the formula.
Klacid for children
According to the detailed instructions for use, it is categorically contraindicated to use the specified antibiotic for the treatment of a small child, a newborn. The pediatrician does not prescribe Klacid tablets for children and adolescents even in complicated clinical pictures, since the concentration of the drug can only worsen children's health, cause acute side effects, signs of intoxication.
For violations of the liver and kidneys
If renal and hepatic impairment is diagnosed, it is important to use antibiotics according to the instructions for use with extreme caution. Daily doses of Klacid SR 500 are adjusted purely individually, and the appointment of representatives of this pharmacological group occurs only in complicated clinical pictures, with extensive pathologies.
Interaction with drugs
Klacid tablets have drug interactions, which is important to consider when drawing up a complex treatment regimen. Below are certain pharmacological restrictions, as reflected in the instructions for use, as announced by the attending physician:
- In order not to disrupt the therapeutic effect of the indicated medication, it is necessary to carry out an individual dose adjustment of the following medications: Rifabutin, Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Rifapentin, Rifampicin, Fluconazole, Ritonavir.
- The antibiotic drug Klacid CP 500 in combination with Quinidine or Disopyramide can provoke pirouette tachycardia.
- If Klacid SR is prescribed to a patient who regularly receives drugs primarily metabolized by CYP3A isoenzymes, an increase in side effects and a decrease in protein concentration are possible.
- In combination with Tadalafil, Tolterodin, Clarithromycin, Vardenafil or Sildenafil, it is necessary to reduce the dose of Klacid CP 500, otherwise the risk of side effects increases.
- Clarithromycin increases the concentration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, enhances the effect of oral anticoagulants.
- In combination with Carbamazepine or Theophylline, the concentration of the latter in the systemic circulation increases.
- When interacting with Itraconazole, Atazanavir, Oxacillin, Saquinavir, a bi-directional effect of Clarithromycin is observed.
- In combination with Verapamil and Clarithromycin, frequent attacks of arterial hypotension and bradyarrhythmias are observed.
- Klacid CP 500 enhances the effect of colchicine in renal failure, and poisoning of the body is excluded.
- The drug stimulates the activity of Digoxin, while systematic monitoring of the level of digoxin in the blood plasma is required.
- In combination with Triazolam, nervous disorders are observed, for example, drowsiness and confusion.
- The combination of an antibiotic with Quinidine or Disopyramide provides a gradual development of hypoglycemia.
Klacid and alcohol - compatibility
An antibiotic and ethyl alcohol are incompatible components, the interaction of which develops acute signs of intoxication, necessitating hemodialysis. These can be hallucinations, instability of the emotional sphere, progressive seizures, more frequent dizziness, bouts of neurosis and other nervous disorders.
Side effects
With the development of severe persistent diarrhea, it is important not to exclude the presence of pseudomembranous colitis in the body against the background of antibiotic therapy. However, these are not the only side effects that progress at the very beginning of intensive care. Anomalies can be as follows, while affecting all internal organs and systems:
- on the part of the skin: allergies, urticaria, local reactions, hemorrhagic rash, severe itching and hyperemia of the dermis, dry mucous membranes;
- on the part of the cardiovascular system: ventricular tachycardia, heart rhythm disturbances, ventricular fibrillation;
- on the part of the digestive tract: signs of dyspepsia, abdominal pain, prolonged diarrhea, stomatitis, a feeling of nausea and discomfort in the stomach;
- from the central nervous system: dizziness, migraine attacks, insomnia, depression, disorientation;
- on the part of the urinary system: acute interstitial nephritis, impaired urination;
- from the musculoskeletal system: myalgia;
- on the part of the sense organs: inflammation of the middle ear, pathological decrease in hearing and visual acuity;
- on the part of laboratory parameters: a jump in serum creatinine, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia.
Overdose
With a systematic overestimation of daily doses, Klacid CP 500, according to the instructions for use, can increase the side effects of the body, and suppresses the functions of many internal systems. The patient suffers from acute attacks of dyspepsia, mental disorders, hypokalemia and hypoxemia, homogeneous disorders are not excluded. It is necessary to cleanse the digestive organs of toxic components, perform gastric lavage, hemodialysis. After that, it is shown to take sorbents, further treatment will already be symptomatic under strict medical supervision.
Terms of sale and storage
The medicine, according to the instructions for use, must be stored in a dark place at a low ambient temperature - it can be stored in the refrigerator. In addition, it is important to exclude the access of small children to such a place. Take the medicine according to the expiration date. Klacid CP 500 can be bought in every pharmacy, the medicine is dispensed strictly by prescription.
Analogs
If a specific medication is not suitable for a specific patient or is harmful to health, according to the reviews and recommendations of the attending physician, it is urgently required to introduce a replacement into the complex treatment regimen, to choose a more effective and safer analogue. The following medications, also sold strictly by prescription in the pharmacy, can replace Klacid CP 500:
- Klacid;
- Clarexid;
- Clarithromycin;
- Klabaks;
- Clarithrosin;
- Claricitis;
- Claromine.
Price for Klacid CP 500
Judging by the reviews, the medication is effective, it helps to get rid of the pathogenic flora in the shortest possible time. If the doctor has made such a pharmacological appointment, it's time to go to the pharmacy. The prices are somewhat overpriced, but such an acquisition effectively contributes to overcoming a progressive disease. Below are the prices of pharmacies in different regions of Moscow.
thanks
The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. A specialist consultation is required!
Klacid represents antibiotic from the group macrolidesthat has a detrimental effect on a wide range of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. The drug is used to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases of various organs and systems, provoked by antibiotic-sensitive microbes. Since microorganisms sensitive to the action of an antibiotic, as a rule, provoke infectious and inflammatory diseases of certain organs, Klacid is used to treat precisely these organ structures. Most often, the antibiotic is used to treat bronchitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, folliculitis and erysipelas.A distinctive feature of Klacid is its activity against a wide range of microbes, including atypical pathogenic bacteria that cause infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. In addition, the antibiotic is highly effective in the treatment of acute otitis media, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis or tonsillitis in children.
Varieties, names, composition and release forms
Currently, the antibiotic Klacid is available in two varieties:- Klacid;
- Klacid SR.
Klacid SR is available in a single dosage form - these are prolonged-release (long-acting) tablets, and Klacid - in three dosage forms, such as:
- Lyophilisate for preparation of solution for infusion;
- Powder for preparation of oral suspension;
- Tablets.
All dosage forms of both varieties contain clarithromycin in various dosages as an active substance. So, Klacid SR tablets contain 500 mg of the active substance. Lyophilisate for preparation of solution for infusion contains 500 mg of clarithromycin per vial. Clacid tablets of normal duration of action are available in two dosages - 250 mg and 500 mg clarithromycin. The suspension powder is also available in two dosages - 125 mg / 5 ml and 250 mg / 5 ml. This means that the finished suspension can have an active substance concentration of 125 mg per 5 ml or 250 mg per 5 ml. In everyday life, various dosage forms, varieties and dosages of Klacid are called short and capacious names that reflect their main characteristics. So, tablets are often called Klacid 250 or Klacid 500, where the number next to the name reflects the dosage of the drug. The suspension, taking into account the same principle, is called Klacid 125 or Klacid 250, etc.
Tablets of both dosages of Klacid and prolonged action of Klacid SR have the same biconvex, oval shape and are coated with a yellow color. The tablets are available in packs of 7, 10, 14, 21 and 42 pieces.
Powder for preparation of suspension for oral administration is small granules, colored white or almost white and having a fruity odor. The powder is available in bottles of 42.3 g, complete with a dosing spoon and a syringe. When the powder is dissolved in water, an opaque suspension is formed, colored white and having a fruity aroma.
Lyophilisate for preparation of solution for infusion is produced in hermetically sealed vials and is a white powder with a slight aroma.
Therapeutic action of Klacid
Klacid is an antibiotic and, accordingly, has a detrimental effect on various pathogenic microorganisms that cause infectious and inflammatory diseases. This means that when Klacid is taken, microbes die, which leads to the cure of an infectious and inflammatory disease. Klacid has a wide spectrum of action and harmful to the following types of microorganisms:
- Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR);
- Chlamydia trachomatis;
- Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas;
- Haemophilus influenzae;
- Haemophilus parainftuenzae;
- Helicobacter (Campilobacter) pylori;
- Legionella pneumophila;
- Listeria monocytogenes;
- Moraxella catarrhalis;
- Mycobacterium leprae;
- Mycobacterium kansasii;
- Mycobacterium chelonae;
- Mycobacterium fortuitum;
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) - a complex including: Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare;
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae;
- Neisseria gonorrheae;
- Staphylococcus aureus;
- Streptococcus pneumoniae;
- Streptococcus pyogenes.
For the following microorganisms, the harmful the effect of Klacid is shown only in laboratory tests, but not confirmed by clinical practice:
- Bacteroides melaninogenicus;
- Bordetella pertussis;
- Borrelia burgdorferi;
- Campylobacter jejuni;
- Clostridium perfringens;
- Pasteurella multocida;
- Peptococcus niger;
- Propionibacterium acnes;
- Streptococcus agalactiae;
- Streptococci (groups C, F, G);
- Treponema pallidum;
- Viridans group streptococci.
Indications for use
Both varieties and all dosage forms of Klacid have the same following indications for use: - Infections of the lower parts of the respiratory system (bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, etc.);
- Infections of the upper respiratory system (pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, etc.);
- Infections of the skin and soft tissues (folliculitis, erysipelas, infectious cellulitis, furunculosis, impetigo, wound infection, etc.);
- Infections caused by mycobacteria;
- Prevention of infection caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in HIV-infected;
- Eradication of H. pylori in order to cure gastritis and gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer;
- Treatment and reduction of the frequency of recurrence of duodenal ulcers;
- Tooth and oral cavity infections (tooth granuloma, stomatitis, etc.);
- Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum (urethritis, colpitis, etc.).
Instructions for use
Consider the rules for the use of each dosage form of Clacid separately to avoid confusion.Klacid suspension (Klacid 125, Klacid for children) - instructions for use
Suspension Klacid is not sold ready-made; it must be prepared independently from powder. Currently, powders for suspension preparation are sold in two dosages - 125 mg / 5 ml and 250 mg / 5 ml. Suspension 125 mg is sold in 60 ml vials, and 250 mg - 100 ml. Accordingly, if a powder with a concentration of 125 mg / 5 ml is purchased, then about 30 ml of water will be needed to prepare a suspension from it, and about 50 ml for 250 mg / 5 ml. From the powder in the vial, a suspension should be prepared immediately at the moment when it is planned to use it. This is due to the fact that the finished suspension can be stored for only 2 weeks, after which the drug should be thrown away, even if it was not completely used up. If the treatment lasts longer than two weeks, then every 14 days the remnants of the old suspension should be thrown away and a new one should be prepared. The suspension should be stored only at room temperature from 15 o to 30 o С, and shake well before each use.
For suspension preparation it is necessary to carefully open the bottle. After that, add pure still water to the mark and shake the bottle vigorously to form a homogeneous opaque white solution. If a powder with an active substance concentration of 125 mg / 5 ml was used, then after adding water, 60 ml of suspension will be obtained. If a powder of 250 mg / 5 ml was used, then 100 ml of a ready-to-use suspension will be obtained.
Suspension Klacid is recommended for use in children, since it is easy to dose in the required amount. However, if necessary, adults can also take Klacid in the form of a suspension, measuring the appropriate dosage. But for adults, it is more advisable to take Clacid tablets, because the suspension will be used very quickly and several vials will be needed for the course of treatment, which, in the end, will lead to rather high unnecessary costs.
From the age of 12, provided that the body weight of a teenager is 40 kg or more, it is recommended to give Clacid tablets already.
The suspension can be taken regardless of food, at any convenient time. The required amount of suspension should be measured out with the supplied dosing spoon or syringe. The suspension is given to children in pure form, but if they do not like the taste, then you can drink it with water, juice, tea, milk or other drink. For infants, the suspension can be mixed into milk, formula or water.
The dosage of the Klacid suspension for children depends on the type of microorganism that caused the infectious disease, as well as on body weight. So, for the treatment of infections in children caused by mycobacteria, there are some dosages of Klacid, and for diseases provoked by any other microbes, other doses of the antibiotic are taken.
So, for the treatment of infections caused by non-mycobacteria, a single dosage of Klacid for children is calculated individually, based on the ratio of 7.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The drug in a calculated dosage is given to the child 2 times a day. It must be remembered that the dosage is calculated individually only for children weighing less than 40 kg. If the child weighs more than 40 kg, then he is given Klacid in dosages for adults.
Let us consider, using an example, the calculation of the drug dose for a child weighing 20 kg A single dosage of Klacid for a child weighing 20 kg is 20 kg * 7.5 mg \u003d 150 mg. This means that the child needs to be given 150 mg of Klacid 2 times a day. Now you need to calculate how many milliliters of suspension you need to give the child so that he receives the necessary 150 mg of the active substance. We will calculate for a suspension with a concentration of 125 mg / 5 ml. To do this, make up the proportion as follows:
125 mg - 5 ml
150 mg - X ml,
where the upper line indicates the concentration of the suspension (125 mg of the active substance is contained in 5 ml). Further, in the bottom line, under the number indicating the content of the active substance in a certain volume of suspension (in our example, it is 125 mg), we write how much of this substance should be given to the child (in the example it is 150 mg). And under the indication of the volume in the first line (in the example it is 5 ml), in the second we write X, since we need to calculate how many milliliters of suspension contains the required 150 mg of the active substance. Next, we compose an equation to calculate the value of X, which looks like this:
X \u003d 150 mg * 5 ml / 125 mg \u003d 6 ml.
This means that a child weighing 20 kg should be given 6 ml of suspension with concentrations of 125 mg / 5 ml 2 times a day.
Similarly, the amount of suspension and the required dosage for children of any body weight are calculated. This algorithm can be used as a template by simply plugging in your own data. In proportion, if we are talking about a suspension with a concentration of 250 mg / 5 ml, in the first line they write not "125 mg - 5 ml", but "250 mg - 5 ml".
In addition, you do not need to calculate the individual dosage each time, but use the following table, which shows the approximate average doses for children with different body weights.
| Child body weight | Single amount of suspension with a concentration of 125 mg / 5 ml | Single amount of suspension with a concentration of 250 mg / 5 ml |
| 8 - 11 kg | 2.5 ml (give 2.5 ml 2 times a day) | 1.25 ml (give 1.25 ml 2 times a day) |
| 12 - 19 kg | 5 ml | 2.5 ml |
| 20 - 29 kg | 7.5 ml | 3.75 ml |
| 30 - 40 kg | 10 ml | 5 ml |
Klacid dosage for children suffering from diseases caused by mycoplasmas, also calculated individually, based on the ratio of 7.5 - 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight, 2 per day. The calculated daily dose is also given 2 times a day. In principle, dosages for the treatment of mycoplasma diseases can not be calculated, but use the table above, which indicates the amount of suspension required for a child with a given body weight, based on the calculation of 7.5 mg per 1 kg of weight. You just need to remember that this table indicates the minimum dosage for the treatment of mycoplasma infections, and they can be increased by a maximum of two times. For example, a child weighing 20 kg for the treatment of non-mycoplasma infection should be given 150 ml of suspension with a concentration of 125 mg / 5 ml 2 times a day. This means that a child weighing also 20 kg, but for the treatment of mycoplasma infection, you need to give 150 - 300 ml of suspension with a concentration of 125 mg / 5 ml 2 times a day.
The maximum allowable daily dosage of Klacid for children weighing less than 40 kg for the treatment of any infections is 500 mg per day.
Taking Klacid with ergotamine or dihydroergotamine can cause the development of toxic effects of the latter, which are expressed in spasm of peripheral vessels and hypoxia of various organs and tissues, including the central nervous system.
Taking Klacid with Colchicine enhances the effect of the latter.
Taking Klacid with aminoglycoside antibiotics (for example, Levomycetin, etc.) increases the risk of complications from the hearing aid, since both drugs are ototoxic.
Klacid for children
Klacid is used to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases in children. Oral suspension can be given to children from six months, Klacid tablets from 12 years old, provided that the teenager's body weight is at least 40 kg. It is optimal for a child under 12 years old to give Klacid in the form of a suspension, and after reaching 12 years of age - in tablets. It is impossible to inject Klacid solution intravenously or give tablets of prolonged action of Klacid SR to children, these dosage forms are allowed for use only from 18 years old.The rules for use and dosage of Klacid suspension and tablets for children are given in the corresponding subsections of the instructions for use.
Side effects
Klacid can provoke the following side effects from various organs and systems: 1. Nervous system:
- Dizziness;
- Drowsiness;
- Dyskinesia (impaired motility of various organs, for example, the gallbladder, etc.);
- Anxiety;
- Excitability;
- Psychotic disorders;
- Confusion of consciousness;
- Depersonalization;
- Disorientation;
- Nightmares;
- Paresthesia (feeling of running "goose bumps", numbness of the limbs);
- Mania.
- Skin rash;
- Anaphylactic reactions;
- Bullous dermatitis;
- Itchy skin;
- Angioneurotic edema;
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis;
- DRESS syndrome (skin rash, increased number of eosinophils in the blood).
- Intense sweating;
- Hemorrhages (punctate hemorrhages).
- Renal failure;
- Interstitial nephritis.
- Anorexia;
- Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose).
- Muscle spasm;
- Musculoskeletal stiffness;
Every time a pediatrician prescribes an antibiotic for a child, mom has many questions. How effective is the drug? Will a strong medicine harm the child? How to calculate the correct dose for the antibiotic to work without causing any side effects? Of particular concern are new drugs, such as the relatively recently appeared on the pharmaceutical market Klacid. Our review will help you, parents, draw conclusions about the appropriateness, effectiveness and possible consequences of its use.
Klacid does not kill disease-causing organisms, but deprives them of their ability to multiply. This is enough for recovery.
Features of the drug
Modern powerful drug Klacid belongs to the class of macrolides - the least toxic, and therefore the safest antibiotics. The familiar and familiar Erythromycin has a similar broad-spectrum effect. However, as evidenced by numerous reviews on parenting forums, Klacid for children is a more effective and convenient tool. A new generation antibiotic, unlike its predecessor, has a relatively pleasant taste and fruity aroma. And this is important when the baby does not yet understand the purpose of stuffing him with bitter medicine. In addition, you need to take it only two, not four times a day, which reduces the risk of side effects and the negative effect of the drug on the delicate child's body.
Recently, microbes and pathogens have managed to adapt to antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporin, having lost their sensitivity to them. In this regard, Klacid is often one of the most effective and at the same time sparing options.
Suspension is the most convenient dosage form for children.
The drug is manufactured by Abbott Laboratories Limited (UK). The price of a drug in the form of a powder for the preparation of suspensions varies between 300-400 rubles.: the higher the dosage, the higher the cost. Tablets can be bought for an average of 600-800 rubles. Their cost also depends on the dosage and the number of tablets in the pack.
Analogs
The drug has a number of analogues, which include the same basic substance - clarithromycin. These include Clarbact, Clarithromycin, Fromilid, Exoterin and some others. The possibility of interchangeability of medicines in each case can only be confirmed by a pediatrician.
When is this medication prescribed - indications for use
For children, the remedy is prescribed for inflammatory processes in the body, caused by a large number of varieties of microbes. Prescribing a drug is advisable when there are:
- typical childhood infections - scarlet fever, whooping cough;
- diseases of the lower respiratory tract - lung abscess, pneumonia, bronchitis;
- upper respiratory tract infections - tonsillitis,;
- eNT diseases - otitis media;
- gonorrheal or chlamydial nature;
- ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum (the medicine is used here as part of complex therapy);
- infections of the skin (eg, erysipelas) and soft tissue.
A more detailed list of the problems eliminated by Klacid is given in the instructions for its use, which you can.
Klacid: variety of forms
The antibiotic is produced in the form:
- tablets;
- powder for suspension, taken orally;
- powder for the preparation of a suspension used for infusions (droppers).
Children under the age of three are not prescribed Klacid in the form of tablets.
Of course, in the case of pediatric patients, it is better to opt for the Klacid suspension: its semi-liquid consistency is the most convenient and pleasant for babies.
Many parents naturally have a question: what do the markings on the packages mean: 125, 250, 500? These numbers indicate the amount of active substance clarithromycin contained in one tablet or 5 ml of the prepared suspension. For example, if it is Klacid 125 powder, then 5 ml of suspension (about a teaspoon) contains 125 ml of the active ingredient. The information provided is important for the correct calculation of the dosage according to the weight and age of the child.
The powder is available in bottles (60 and 100 ml), in which the suspension can be conveniently stored and diluted.
Operating principle
Klacid acts extremely gently and sparingly: it does not kill pathogenic bacteria, but deprives them of the possibility of reproduction. In this case, the drug has a prolonged effect. Even at the end of the intake, it continues to be in the body for some time and perform its function, restraining the growth of microbes.
The effectiveness of the drug is also explained by its ability to accumulate in the same places where 99% of pathogens are usually concentrated - in the lungs and bronchi. At the same time, the antibiotic, unlike its predecessors, has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
Suspension preparation and dosage calculation
It is simple to prepare a suspension: just add water to the bottle and shake the liquid vigorously until the powder granules are completely dissolved. The result should be a white (or almost white) opaque liquid, which can be stored at room temperature (no higher than 30 degrees and away from sunlight) for about two weeks.
Shake the bottle before each use.
Before giving Klacid to a child, read the instructions carefully. The main criterion for correct dosage is the patient's weight. The medicine is given at the rate of 7.5 ml per 1 kg of the patient's body weight.
The numbers that complement the name of the medicine also matter. Children are usually prescribed suspensions Klacid 125 or Klacid 250. The suspension preparation is prescribed even to patients under two years of age in appropriate doses.
Let's consider the option of calculating the dosage of the drug Klacid 250 using a specific example.
The patient is a boy Egor, 8 years old. The child's weight is 25 kg. Therefore, for one dose (it is assumed that the drug is used twice a day), he needs an amount of syrup that would contain 187.5 ml of clarithromycin: 25 kg × 7.5 ml of the recommended dose per 1 kg of body weight. If the drug has a concentration of 250, then 5 ml contains 250 ml of active substance, i.e. 1 ml of suspension contains 50 ml of clarithromycin (250 ml / 5 ml). It turns out that Yegor needs to take 3.75 ml of the suspension (187.5 ml / 50 ml is the dose of clarithromycin required for a particular child / clarithromycin content in 1 ml of the resulting syrup). This is 0.75 teaspoon, i.e. about 3/4.
The medicine is taken twice a day. It is better to do this in the morning and evening at about the same time. Before or after eating, it doesn't matter. A small child can be given a suspension with milk.
You can add the suspension to milk.
The course lasts from 5 to 10 days. The specific scheme, depending on the severity of the disease and the patient's response to the drug, is made by the pediatrician. If there is no improvement within three days, the drug is canceled, and an adequate replacement is selected for it.
The maximum permissible daily dose of the drug in any case is 500 ml.
It is important to know the symptoms of a Clacid overdose:
- dizziness;
- mental changes, in particular, the appearance of signs of paranoia.
The listed signs are the basis for stopping the drug intake and carrying out procedures aimed at removing the patient from the dangerous state of overdose:
- removal from the stomach of the residues of the drug that did not have time to be absorbed by the intake of activated carbon;
- peritoneal dialysis;
- hemodialysis.
Side effects and contraindications
Klacid should be used with caution (or completely abandoned) for children with problems with the liver, kidneys and biliary tract. The components of the drug with dysfunction of these organs are poorly excreted and accumulate in the body, overloading it. The same applies to young patients with arrhythmias and increased anxiety, since the medicine provokes an adrenaline rush. It is important for parents of children with allergies and asthmatics to know that Klacid slows down the removal of antihistamines from the body. If a child takes antiallergic drugs constantly, during treatment with macrolides, their components may accumulate in excessive (toxic) doses. Be careful not to get poisoned.
The drug Klacid (manufacturing country Italy) is an antibacterial agent and one of the most popular antibiotics. Klacid is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in the treatment of infectious diseases of the respiratory tract and soft tissues.
The active ingredient is clarithromycin, an antibiotic of the macrolide group, which suppresses protein production in microbial cells. Clarithromycin is a semisynthetic antibiotic of the macrolide group and has an antibacterial effect, interacting with the 50S ribosomal subunit and suppressing protein synthesis.
Proven broad spectrum of action, high concentrations in the focus of infection, moreover, mucolytic and immunomodulatory (anti-inflammatory) effects (1, 2, 5-8).
The antibiotic macrolide is active against Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, greening streptococcus, the causative agent of listeriosis, hemophilic infection, streptococci of groups A, B, F, C and G, the causative agent of pneumochlamydosis, sporotrichosis, chlamydia, peptococcus.
When using Klacid, the causative agents of whooping cough, human toxicoinfections, pasteurellosis of birds, acne, syphilis, borreliosis and enterocolitis are suppressed.
The rate of elimination of the drug depends on the dose in the body, 40% of the dose is excreted in the urine, 30% of the dose through the intestines. Klacid is well distributed in body tissues, its content in tissues is 2 times higher than in blood serum.
Release form
Available in film-coated tablets. The main active ingredient of the drug is clarithromycin (250 mg and 500 mg).
The Klacid SR variety differs from Klacid in that it is a prolonged (long-acting) tablet. There are no other differences between Klacid and Klacid SR, therefore, as a rule, both types of the drug are combined under the same name "Klacid".
Klacid is commercially available in the form of a white granular powder with a fruity aroma, intended for dilution and preparation of a suspension. 5 ml of the finished suspension contains 125 or 250 mg of the active ingredient.
There is another form of antibiotic - powder or lyophilisate, from which a solution for infusion (intravenous drip) is prepared. The solution for infusion is intended for intravenous drip (“drip”) in adults over 18 years of age.
Indications for use Klacid
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug, including:
- infections of the lower respiratory tract, incl. bronchitis, bacterial and atypical pneumonia;
- infections of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs, incl. pharyngitis, sinusitis, acute otitis media of the middle ear;
- infections of the skin and soft tissues, incl. folliculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue, erysipelas, purulent wounds, streptoderma, staphyloderma;
- odontogenic infections;
- widespread or localized mycobacterial infections (M.avium complex, M.kansasii, M.marinum, M.leprae) and their prevention in AIDS patients;
- with the simultaneous use of drugs to suppress the acidity of gastric juice Klacid is indicated for the eradication of H. pylori in the treatment of duodenal ulcers.
Instructions for use Klacid, dosages
The dosage of the suspension for the child is calculated depending on the weight and is 7.5 mg of Clarithromycin per kilogram of body weight 2 times a day.
For infections of any localization of moderate or mild severity, Klacid SR is recommended to take 500 mg (1 tablet) 1 time per day. In severe infections, the dosage is doubled and 1000 mg (2 tablets) are taken once a day.
For infections of various localization, it is recommended to inject 500 mg (1 bottle) 2 times a day. Infusion of Klacid is used in case of severe infectious and inflammatory process or if it is impossible to take the drug inside. Intravenous administration of an antibiotic is performed on average within 2 to 5 days.
Klacid is not intended for long-term use, as it is a strong antibiotic. The drug is usually prescribed for 7 days, in some cases - for 10. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.
Application features
The effect on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms has not been established.
Long-term use of Klacid can lead to the development of superinfection, manifested by the growth of fungi and bacteria insensitive to it. For this reason, sensitivity testing is important, especially in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
The drug is incompatible with ethanol, which neutralizes the effect of the active substance, therefore, during the period of treatment, alcohol consumption should be categorically abandoned.
Side effects and contraindications Klacid
Clacid is generally well tolerated. With oral administration of Klacid, gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea) were most often noted.
The active substance can cause allergic reactions in the form of rash, dermatitis, urticaria, itching.
When taking the antibiotic "Klacid", headaches, loss of consciousness, dizziness and insomnia, anxiety and drowsiness, increased excitability, confusion, disorientation, depression and apathy, hallucinations, paresthesia are possible.
Overdose
Overdose symptoms are very similar to the side effects of an antibiotic such as nausea, vomiting, general weakness, changes in mental state, chills. An overdose of Klacid causes paranoid behavior, a decrease in the concentration of potassium in the blood, a significant drop in the level of oxygen in the blood.
The main method of dealing with an overdose of this drug is to cleanse the gastrointestinal tract of drug components. This can be done at home with the help of absorbent agents - activated carbon and Atoxil powder.
Contraindications
Clarithromycin should not be administered to pregnant women without careful assessment of the benefit / risk ratio, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy.
The drug should be used with caution in patients with severe renal impairment, porphyria, hypokalemia, severe hepatic impairment simultaneously with renal impairment.
It is contraindicated to use the drug "Klacid" together with such drugs as "Astemizol", "Pimozide", "Cytoprid", "Terfenadine", "Ergotamine", "Dihydroergotamine", "Midazolam".
Analogues Klacid, list of drugs
Analogues of Klacid are drugs (list):
- Clarbact;
- Binocular;
- Ecositrin;
- Clerimede;
- Coater;
- Klasine;
- Fromilid;
- Kispar;
- Arvicin;
- Klabaks.
Fromilid;
Instructions for use Klacid, price and reviews do not apply to analogues and cannot be used as a guide. When prescribing, it is necessary to focus on the instructions for a specific drug; when replacing Klacid with an analogue, you must consult a doctor. Correction of the treatment regimen may be required.
New generation antibiotics are very effective and have fewer contraindications and side effects than their predecessors. In the article we will consider what a vivid representative of such medicines is, its characteristics, indications and contraindications, reviews. "Klacid" is an antibiotic, which will be discussed below.
Manufacturer, form of release, main active ingredient
Klacid is produced by Abbott Laboratories in Italy, USA or France. It is produced in the form of tablets of 250 or 500 mg, or in the form of a powder, from which you need to prepare a suspension - it is especially convenient to give it to young children. The main active ingredient is claritomycin. It is effective against many types of bacteria, the drug is used mainly for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, skin diseases, as well as for the prevention of stomach ulcers. More details about the indications for the use of the drug "Klacid" will be discussed below.
For what diagnoses is the medical preparation "Klacid" used?
The indications for the appointment of this medication are as follows:
- inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (upper) of an infectious nature (for example, the antibiotic "Klacid" treats almost all diseases of the upper respiratory tract, be it pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, and so on);
- it is prescribed for the treatment of skin diseases, including erysipelas, inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue, folliculitis;
- the drug is used to treat acne;
- the medication is prescribed to prevent relapses - repetitions of exacerbation of duodenal ulcers.
This antibiotic is used to treat even young children. They are prescribed the drug in the form of a suspension. The manufacturer produces a powder for its preparation with various fruit flavors, so it is relatively easy for a mother to give this medicine to a child, which is often why many parents give this medicine positive reviews. According to indications, "Klacid" is used for treatment and very little - children from 6 months.
Contraindications to the use of the drug, side effects
This antibiotic has a number of contraindications for use, among them the following are distinguished:
- severe renal failure;
- hypersensitivity to the components that make up the drug;
- with caution, the drug "Klacid" should be prescribed to patients who have problems with the kidneys and liver;
- the medication is contraindicated in pregnant women and women during lactation.
Judging by the reviews, the drug "Klacid" rarely causes any side effects, but some people may experience the following undesirable manifestations:
- nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain;
- discoloration of the tongue and teeth, stomatitis;
- deterioration of the liver;
- candidiasis in the mouth;
- headaches, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness.
Let us repeat that this drug, which belongs to the latest generation of antibiotics, does not often cause unpleasant consequences. Please note that the dosage of the medication for children depends on the weight of the child and the diagnosis, the volume must be calculated by the doctor. Adults are also not recommended to self-medicate, it is important to know that the maximum dose of the drug per day is 500 mg.
What do they say about the drug? Reviews. "Klacid" - opinions of patients with a "plus"
So, doctors and patients unanimously note that this antibiotic is quite effective for the treatment of diseases that were listed in the indications for use. The course of taking it rarely lasts more than five days. The drug receives the following reviews:
- "Klacid" really quickly helps to cope with infectious ENT diseases, many patients noted improvements already on the first day of taking it;
- it is easy to use: as a rule, you only need to drink one tablet per day (taking the drug does not depend on food intake);
- the medication rarely causes side effects from the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system.
Negative reviews
- "Klacid" produced abroad (there are also Russian analogues) is quite expensive - from 800 to 1000 rubles per pack of 14 tablets of 500 mg;
- the medication should be used with extreme caution if the patient has any liver problems, and, unfortunately, a large number of people have them;
- also carefully recommend the use of the drug for the treatment of children and the elderly, as well as for people with weakened immunity;
- babies need to buy powder for preparing a suspension, and it is not sold in every pharmacy.
Features of the use of drugs in children. Characteristics of parents and pediatricians
The drug "Klacid" for children receives mostly positive reviews, although many pediatricians warn parents against self-prescribing the drug for the child. Remember: a doctor must prescribe an antibiotic, as well as calculate its dosage. Here is what those who used the drug "Klacid" in the form of a suspension for the treatment of children say:
- 99% of parents note that the child drinks this drug with pleasure or without any problems, since the manufacturer produces a product with a variety of fruit flavors, it can also be added to juice or milk;
- the medication effectively cope with the treatment of diseases according to indications, however, children are prescribed it only in extreme cases, when other drugs do not help.
Conclusions and conclusion
Please note that while taking the drug "Klacid" the child may experience abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, restlessness. The fact is that the baby's immunity, especially against the background of the disease, is suppressed, and the gastrointestinal tract is not sufficiently adapted for taking such strong medicines. If such reactions appear, especially if you see that the child is getting worse and worse, you should immediately contact the pediatrician. Means "Klacid" (suspension) reviews of this kind are rarely received, yet this antibiotic really successfully copes with severe cases of ENT infection and skin problems. If earlier the treatment of such diseases was difficult and protracted, now it is often enough to take 5-7 days of this drug.
