Home Treatment Piracetam: instructions, price, reviews and analogues. Piracetam tablets - instructions for use Piracetam for which tablets are prescribed for adults

Treatment

Piracetam: instructions, price, reviews and analogues. Piracetam tablets - instructions for use Piracetam for which tablets are prescribed for adults

A nootropic that has a positive effect on brain function and enhances cognitive abilities. It can be prescribed both for the treatment of existing disorders, and for preventive purposes during periods of stress and increased psycho-emotional stress. According to certain indications, it can be used in children.

Dosage form

Piracetam can be found in pharmacies in the form of tablets, capsules and injectable solution. One ampoule, like one tablet, contains 200 mg of the active substance. In therapy various diseases Piracetam is often prescribed in oral form, since even with this administration, its bioavailability is almost 100%.

Description and composition

The main active ingredient is the substance of the same name - piracetam. Its mechanism of action is a positive effect on nerve cells, microcirculation, synthesis of mediators, metabolic and other processes. As a result, all this leads to an improvement in the integrative function of the brain, an improvement in the ability to remember information and learning.

Enhanced nutrition of nerve cells after taking Piracetam improves and accelerates impulse conduction. On the other hand, the health of nerve cells is restored by activating cerebral circulation, improving the rheological properties of blood and increased utilization of glucose. Even ischemic areas are better supplied with nutrients after a course of treatment with Piracetam. course admission leads to an increase in the energy potential of cells, resulting in their resistance to, toxic lesions and other adverse factors. It is piracetam that has similar effects, and not its metabolites. It is excreted from the body mainly unchanged, and dose adjustment in patients with hepatic insufficiency is not required.

IN clinical trials the tropism of the drug was proven precisely to the brain tissue, despite the fact that piracetam is able to penetrate into almost all organs. In the cerebrospinal fluid, the substance is detected several hours later than in the blood, however, it is also excreted from there more slowly, which ensures a lasting effect.

Pharmacological group

Nootropic agent. Being, chemically, a derivative of the GABA mediator, Piracetam exhibits similar effects - it improves mental performance, cognitive functions, memory, attention, as well as nutrition of brain cells.

Indications for use

for adults

Piracetam can be prescribed alone or as part of complex therapy for such conditions:

Psychoorganic syndrome, which is manifested by problems with memory, attention, changes in mood, gait and behavior in general.
Dizziness and associated loss of balance.
cortical myoclonus.
Management of sickle cell vascular crisis.
Elimination of withdrawal symptoms in chronic alcoholism.

for children

For treatment as part of complex therapy - from 8 years.
For relief of vaso-occlusive crisis - from 3 years.

Doctors may prescribe Piracetam to adult patients and students during periods of stress and great mental stress. According to patients, the drug helps to better cope with the tasks and quickly adapt to the conditions of exams, quarterly reports and other similar situations.

Contraindications

It is forbidden to use the drug under the following conditions:

Severe renal failure.
hemorrhagic stroke.
Psychomotor agitation.
Pregnancy and lactation.

Particularly careful examination before the appointment of Piracetam requires patients after surgical interventions, with an increased likelihood of bleeding and impaired hemostasis.

Applications and doses

for adults

Ampoule solution can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. This method of administration is resorted to if the patient is not able to take the drug in tablets. In oral form, the medicine is taken before meals. daily dose, prescribed by a doctor, is divided into several doses (2-4). The exact amount of the drug needed for treatment is determined on a case-by-case basis, but standard schemes may be as follows:

In case of psychoorganic syndrome, 2.4-4.8 g of piracetam is administered per day to the patient. As a rule, an increased dose is used in the first week of treatment, and then it is reduced to maintenance.
Therapy for dizziness involves 2.4-4.8 g of piracetam per day.
In the treatment of cortical myoclonus, higher doses of the drug are used. Start with the introduction of 7.2 g per day, increasing the dose every 3 days. The maximum daily amount is 24 g. The course lasts until a positive clinical result is obtained. The drug is also canceled gradually, so as not to provoke a deterioration in the patient's condition. It is recommended to repeat the course every six months until the disease disappears or its severity decreases.
When stopping a vaso-occlusive crisis, the daily dose is calculated taking into account the patient's body weight (300 mg per kilogram of weight). It is also administered to the patient in several doses.

If the patient has impaired renal function, creatinine clearance is used in the calculation of the dose.

Old age is not a reason to reduce the dose, unless the patient is diagnosed with other diseases that will lead to this need.

The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor, assessing the positive dynamics of the patient and the severity of clinical manifestations.

for children

During treatment, the child is prescribed 3.2 g of the drug per day, which is divided into two equal doses.
To stop the crisis with sickle cell anemia, the dose is calculated by the weight of the child.

Side effects

Side effects depend on the individual tolerability of the drug and can appear on the part of almost all organ systems. Cases have been recorded when patients complained of:

Headache, sleep disturbance.
Increase in body weight.
Increased excitability and anxiety.
The appearance of hallucinations and depression.
Sudden bleeding and dizziness.
Discomfort in the abdominal region, diarrhea,.
Skin reactions - redness, itching, rashes.

Undesirable effects appear more often in elderly patients who take the drug at a dose of more than 2.4 g.

When adverse reactions from the side nervous system patients are advised to refrain from driving a car and other activities with an increased concentration of attention.

Interaction with other drugs

If necessary, along with Piracetam, taking additional psychotropic and cardiovascular drugs, dose adjustment is not required. Most drugs do not interact with Piracetam and do not change its pharmacological activity. The exception is thyroid hormones, which can provoke irritability and sleep disturbance.

The drug is able to increase the effectiveness of acenocoumarol, antidepressants and antianginal drugs.

Alcohol intake does not affect the action of Piracetam.

special instructions

In elderly patients, coronary insufficiency may occur during administration or an existing pathology of the liver or kidneys may worsen. The doctor should regularly monitor the performance of these organs. Piracetam has an effect on platelet aggregation, so the doses of other drugs that give a similar effect must be adjusted.

In patients with myoclonus, abrupt interruption of treatment may precipitate a relapse. Main anticonvulsant therapy must necessarily continue.

If Piracetam has a negative effect on the process of falling asleep, the last dose should be transferred to the daytime.

Overdose

Cases of overdose were observed rarely, since a sufficiently large amount of the drug is allowed to be taken per day. With a significant excess of the permitted dose, the following reactions are possible:

Insomnia.
Tremor.
Increased severity of side effects.
Exacerbation of heart failure.

There is no specific antidote for Piracetam. Patients are advised to drink plenty of fluids in order to excrete the excess drug in the urine more quickly. In severe cases, hemodialysis is performed, but its effectiveness is only 50%, since the drug is able to penetrate filter membranes.

Storage conditions

Does not require special storage conditions. Restriction on temperature regime- up to 25 degrees.

Analogues

Instead of Piracetam, you can use the following drugs:

is a complete analog of the drug Piracetam. It is produced in tablets, capsules, solutions for oral administration and parenteral administration. The drug can be used to treat patients older than a year. The medication is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women.
- a combination drug that also contains piracetam. It is produced in capsules, which should not be given to children under 5 years of age. They are contraindicated in pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Price medicinal product is an average of 53 rubles. Prices range from 17 to 336 rubles.

Piracetam is a synthetic nootropic agent that is widely used in neurological and psychiatric practice. Instructions for use explain how to properly take 200 mg and 400 mg tablets, 400 mg capsules, injections in the treatment of vascular disorders, pressure, anemia.

Forms of release and composition

Tablets 200 mg and 400 mg.
Capsules 400 mg.
Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 200 mg/ml (injections) (in 5 ml ampoules).

According to the instructions on Wikipedia, the drug Piracetam includes as an active ingredient a nootropic substance with the same name as piracetam (INN - Piracetam) in different mass fractions depending on the dosage form of the drug: 1 milliliter of injection solution - 200 mg, 1 capsule - 200 mg or 400 mg, 1 tablet - 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg or 1200 mg.

Pharmacological properties

The active component of the drug Piracetam, instructions for use explains this, has an effect directly on the brain, due to which they improve cognitive processes, the ability to learn increases, mental performance, attention and memory are normalized.

The tool is able to restore and protect the functions of the brain during hypoxia and intoxication. The drug affects the central nervous system: normalizes the metabolism of nerve cells; changes the speed of propagation of impulses in the brain; affects microcirculation. When using Piracetam, the interhemispheric connections of the brain, synaptic conduction, and cerebral blood flow are significantly improved.

What helps Piracetam?

For adult patients, indications for the use of Piracetam in injections (for the purpose of stopping acute symptoms), as tablets or capsules (for prevention and treatment) include:

vertigo (dizziness) and related imbalances (with the exception of dizziness of psychogenic and vasomotor origin);
Alzheimer's disease;
cortical myoclonus;
psychoorganic syndrome and abstinence and chronic alcoholism;
sickle cell anemia, including vaso-occlusive crisis;
coma of a traumatic, vascular or toxic nature;
brain injury;
psycho-organic syndrome, which occurs with a decrease in attention, memory, ability to concentrate and activity, behavioral disorder, mood changes, gait disturbance;
dementia (dementia) resulting from circulatory disorders of the brain (ischemic stroke).

Why is Piracetam prescribed to children? IN childhood the drug is indicated for the purpose of:

treatment of dyslexia and similar painful conditions, manifested by learning disabilities, which are not associated with the peculiarities of intra-family relations, with inadequate teaching (starting from 8 years old, for some manufacturers from 5 years old);
treatment of symptoms of sickle cell anemia, including vaso-occlusive crisis (from the first year of life).

Instructions for use

Piracetam (tablets or capsules)

Taken orally at the beginning of treatment, 800 mg is prescribed in 3 divided doses before meals, with improvement in the condition single dose gradually reduce to 400 mg. Daily dose - 30-160 mg / kg of body weight, frequency of administration - 2 times a day, if necessary - 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is continued from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months.

If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated. With long-term therapy of psychoorganic syndrome in the elderly, the drug is prescribed at 1.2-2.4 g per day; loading dose during the first weeks of therapy - up to 4.8 g per day. Treatment with piracetam, if necessary, can be combined with the use of psychotropic, cardiovascular and other drugs.

When treating the consequences of coma, in the post-traumatic period, the initial dose is 9-12 g per day, the maintenance dose is 2.4 g, the course of treatment is 3 weeks. This dosage form recommended for children from 5 years - 1 caps. 3 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 1.8 g. The course of treatment is from 2 weeks to 2-6 months.

With alcoholism - 12 g per day during the manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; maintenance dose - 2.4 g.

With sickle cell anemia, the daily dose is 160 mg / kg of body weight, divided into 4 equal portions. Attention: take the last single dose no later than 17.00 to prevent sleep disturbances.

injections

Perform intravenous stream or drip, intramuscularly. The daily dose is divided into 2-4 doses. Symptomatic treatment of psychoorganic syndrome: 4.8 g per day for the first week, then switch to a maintenance dose of 1.2-2.4 g per day.

Treatment of cortical myoclonus: start with a dose of 7.2 g per day, every 3-4 days the dose is increased by 4.8 g per day until a maximum dose of 24 g per day is reached. Treatment is continued throughout the entire period of the disease. Every 6 months, you should try to reduce the dose or stop the drug, gradually reducing the dose by 1.2 g per day every 2 days. With a slight therapeutic effect or its absence, treatment is stopped.

Treatment of dizziness and related imbalances: 2.4-4.8 g per day.

With sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis (in adults and children): intravenously at 300 mg / kg per day, divided into 4 equal doses.

Treatment of dyslexia in children over 8 years of age (in combination with other methods of treatment) - 3.2 g, divided into 2 equal doses.

Contraindications

According to the instructions, Piracetam is prohibited from prescribing for:

Chorea of Huntington;
chronic kidney failure;
hypersensitivity to the components of the drug Piracetam, from which side effects may develop;
pregnancy and lactation;
hemorrhagic stroke;
psychomotor arousal.

Assign with extreme caution in such conditions as:

heavy bleeding;
violation of hemostasis;
extensive surgical interventions.

Side effects

In some cases, the following negative side effects were observed during treatment:

urticaria;
fever
drowsiness/insomnia;
vertigo;
sense of anxiety;
weight gain;
increased libido;
thrombophlebitis, pain (with the introduction of Piracetam in/in or/m);
irritability;
motor disinhibition;
mental arousal;
exacerbation of epilepsy;
ataxia;
nausea/vomiting;
asthenia;
hallucinations;
confusion;
depression
abdominal pain;
imbalance;
dermatitis;
headache;
hypersensitivity phenomena;
anaphylactic reactions;
angioedema;
decrease in blood pressure;
diarrhea

More often side effects Piracetam passed independently during the course of therapy or disappeared at the end of it.

During pregnancy and lactation

Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of the use of Piracetam during pregnancy have not been conducted. Appointment is possible only in cases where the intended benefit to the mother outweighs possible risk for the fetus. Active substance passes into breast milk.

If necessary, use during lactation should decide on the termination breastfeeding. In experimental animal studies, no negative effects of piracetam on the fetus have been identified.

children

Different manufacturers indicate a different initial age for the possibility of prescribing Piracetam for children (from 1 to 8 years old) and almost everyone does not recommend using this remedy for newborns (up to 12 months).

However, in modern pediatrics, cases of using this drug for the treatment of children under the age of 1 are not so rare and, importantly, productive. Naturally, only a pediatrician can prescribe a nootropic to a child, under constant personal control and taking all precautions.

drug interaction

When this drug is taken in combination with iodine-containing hormones thyroid gland there is a possibility of irritability, confusion and sleep disturbance.

special instructions

In the treatment of acute brain lesions, Piracetam is prescribed in combination with other methods of detoxification and rehabilitation therapy, in the treatment of psychotic conditions - with psychotropic drugs. In the treatment of patients with cortical myoclonus, abrupt discontinuation of the drug should be avoided (risk of recurrence of seizures).

In case of sleep disturbances, it is recommended to cancel the evening intake by adding this dose to the daytime intake. Use with caution in patients with impaired hemostasis, after extensive surgical interventions, severe bleeding. When taking piracetam, periodic monitoring of kidney function indicators is recommended, and in patients with liver diseases, the functional state of the liver.

Analogues of the drug Piracetam

Complete analogues of Piracetam are the following drugs:

Nootropil.
Pirabene.
Lucetam.
Noocetam.
Stamina.
Memotropil.
Escotropil.
Pyramem.
Cerebril.
Nootobril.

Price

In pharmacies, the price for Piracetam injections (Moscow) is 30 rubles for 10 ampoules of 5 ml of 200 mg per ml. Tablets cost 54 rubles for 60 pieces of 400 mg.

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Characteristics of the substance Piracetam

Cyclic derivative of GABA.

Pharmacology

pharmachologic effect- nootropic.

Pharmacodynamics

Piracetam binds to the polar heads of phospholipids and forms mobile piracetam-phospholipid complexes. As a result, the two-layer structure of the cell membrane and its stability are restored, which in turn leads to the restoration of the three-dimensional structure of membrane and transmembrane proteins and the restoration of their function.

At the neuronal level, piracetam facilitates Various types synaptic transmission, having a predominant effect on the density and activity of postsynaptic receptors (data obtained from animal studies).

Improves connections between the hemispheres of the brain and synaptic conduction in neocortical structures, improves cerebral blood flow.

It has an effect on the central nervous system in various ways: it modifies neurotransmission in the brain, improves metabolic conditions that promote neuronal plasticity, improves microcirculation by affecting the rheological characteristics of the blood and does not cause vasodilation.

With cerebral dysfunction, it increases concentration and improves cognitive functions, incl. learning ability, memory, attention and consciousness, mental performance, without sedative or psychostimulant effects. The use of piracetam is accompanied by significant changes in the EEG (increase in α- and β-activity, decrease in δ-activity).

Helps restore cognitive abilities after various cerebral injuries due to hypoxia, intoxication or electroconvulsive therapy.

It is indicated for the treatment of cortical myoclonus both as monotherapy and as part of complex therapy.

Reduces the duration of vestibular neuronitis and nystagmus.

The hemorheological effects of piracetam are associated with its effect on erythrocytes, platelets and the vascular wall.

In patients with sickle cell anemia with pathological rigidity of erythrocytes, piracetam restores the elasticity of the erythrocyte membrane, increases their ability to deform and filter, reduces blood viscosity and prevents the formation of coin columns. In addition, it inhibits the increased aggregation of activated platelets without significantly affecting their number. At a dose of 9.6 g, it reduces the level of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor by 30–40% and prolongs bleeding time.

Animal studies have shown that piracetam inhibits vasospasm and counteracts various vasospastic substances.

In studies on healthy volunteers, piracetam reduced the adhesion of erythrocytes to the vascular endothelium and stimulated the production of prostacyclins in the endothelium.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetic profile of piracetam is linear and independent of time. Characterized by low variability over a wide range of doses. Constant plasma concentration is reached after 3 days from the start of use.

Absorption. After oral administration, it is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is about 100%. After a single dose at a dose of 2 g, Cmax in blood plasma is reached after 30 minutes and is 40-60 mcg / ml, after 2-8 hours it is found in the cerebrospinal fluid. After a single dose of piracetam at a dose of 3.2 g, Cmax is 84 μg / ml, after repeated administration of 3.2 mg 3 times a day - 115 μg / ml and is achieved after 1 hour in blood plasma and after 5 hours in cerebrospinal fluid. Food intake reduces C max by 17% and increases the time to reach it (T max) up to 1.5 hours. In women, when taking piracetam at a dose of 2.4 g, C max and AUC are 30% higher than in men.

Distribution. V d is about 0.6 l/kg. Does not bind to plasma proteins. Penetrates through the BBB and GPB, as well as hemodialysis membranes. Selectively accumulates in the tissues of the cerebral cortex, mainly in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, cerebellum and basal nuclei.

Metabolism. Not metabolized.

Withdrawal. T 1/2 from plasma is 4-5 hours; cerebrospinal fluid - 8.5 h. T 1/2 does not depend on the route of administration and lengthens with kidney failure(with terminal chronic renal failure - up to 59 hours). It is excreted unchanged by the kidneys by CF. Excretion by the kidneys is almost complete (more than 95%) within 30 hours. The total clearance of piracetam in healthy volunteers is 80-90 ml / min. The pharmacokinetics of piracetam does not change in patients with hepatic insufficiency.

The use of the substance Piracetam

Symptomatic treatment of intellectual-mnestic disorders in the absence of an established diagnosis of dementia; a decrease in the manifestations of cortical myoclonus in patients sensitive to piracetam, both as monotherapy and as part of complex therapy (in order to determine sensitivity to piracetam in a particular case, a trial course of treatment can be carried out).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to piracetam or pyrrolidone derivatives; Huntington's disease; hemorrhagic stroke; psychomotor agitation at the time of appointment (for parenteral administration); end-stage chronic renal failure (Cl creatinine<20 мл/мин); детский возраст до 3 лет.

Application restrictions

Severe hemorrhagic disorders; risk of bleeding; violations of hemostasis; hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disorders in history; patients with surgical interventions, including dental; patients taking anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, incl. low doses of acetylsalicylic acid; chronic renal failure (Cl creatinine 20–80 ml/min).

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Sufficient data on the use of piracetam during pregnancy are not available. Animal studies have not shown direct or indirect effects on pregnancy, embryonic/fetal development, childbirth or postnatal development.

Piracetam penetrates through GPB. Plasma concentration in newborns reaches 70-90% of that in the mother. Piracetam should not be given during pregnancy.

Piracetam passes into breast milk. Should not be used during breastfeeding or breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment with piracetam.

When deciding on the need to stop breastfeeding or refuse treatment with piracetam, the benefits of breastfeeding for the child and the benefits of therapy for the woman should be correlated.

Side effects of Piracetam

Undesirable reactions are listed below by systems and organs and frequency of occurrence: very often (> 1/10); often (>1/100,<1/10); нечасто (>1/1000, <1/100); редко (>1/10000, <1/1000); очень редко (<1/10000); частота неизвестна (не может быть оценена из доступных источников).

From the blood and lymphatic system: frequency unknown - bleeding.

From the immune system: frequency unknown - anaphylactoid reactions, hypersensitivity.

Mental disorders: often - nervousness; infrequently - depression; frequency unknown - agitation, anxiety, hallucinations, confusion.

From the nervous system: often - hyperactivity, irritability; infrequently - asthenia, drowsiness; the frequency is unknown - ataxia, imbalance, exacerbation of the course of epilepsy, headache, insomnia, tremor.

From the digestive system: the frequency is unknown - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain (including gastralgia).

From the hearing organs: frequency unknown - vertigo.

From the skin and subcutaneous tissues: frequency is unknown - dermatitis, pruritus, urticaria, angioedema.

From the reproductive system: frequency unknown - increased sexual desire.

Laboratory and instrumental data: often - weight gain.

Other violations: rarely - pain in the injection area, thrombophlebitis, hyperthermia, hypotension (after intravenous administration).

Interaction

Thyroid hormones. With simultaneous use with thyroid hormones, there have been reports of confusion, irritability and sleep disturbance.

Acenocoumarol. Piracetam at a dose of 9.6 g/day does not change the dose of acenocoumarol required to achieve an INR of 2.5-3.5 in patients with recurrent venous thrombosis, but compared with the effects of acenocoumarol alone, the addition of piracetam at a dose of 9.6 g/day significantly reduces platelet aggregation, the release of β-thromboglobulin, the concentration of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, as well as the viscosity of blood and plasma.

Pharmacokinetic interactions. The possibility of changing the pharmacokinetics of piracetam under the influence of other drugs is low, because 90% of the drug is excreted unchanged through the kidneys. Metabolic interaction of piracetam with other drugs is unlikely.

Anticonvulsants. Taking piracetam at a dose of 20 g / day for 4 weeks did not change the C max and AUC of antiepileptic drugs (carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid and its salts, clonazepam).

Increases the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics). When administered with neuroleptics, it reduces the likelihood of extrapyramidal disorders.

With simultaneous use with drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, excessive stimulation of the central nervous system is possible.

Alcohol. Co-administration with alcohol did not affect the concentration of piracetam in plasma; the concentration of ethanol in the blood plasma did not change when taking 1.6 g of piracetam.

Overdose

Symptoms: increased potential side effects. A single case of the development of dyspeptic phenomena in the form of diarrhea with blood and pain in the abdomen was registered when piracetam was taken orally at a daily dose of 75 g, which was most likely due to the presence of a high concentration of sorbitol in the preparation.

Treatment: in case of significant overdose, gastric lavage or induction of vomiting should be performed. There is no specific antidote. Symptomatic therapy is recommended. The efficiency of hemodialysis for piracetam is 50–60%.

Routes of administration

Inside, in / in, in / m.

Precautions Substance Piracetam

Effect on platelet aggregation

Due to the antiplatelet effect, piracetam should be administered with caution to patients with severe hemorrhagic disorders, the risk of bleeding (for example, with a stomach ulcer), hemostasis disorders, a history of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disorders, surgical interventions, including dental, taking anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, incl. low doses of acetylsalicylic acid.

kidney failure

Since piracetam is excreted by the kidneys, caution should be exercised when prescribing to patients with renal insufficiency.

Elderly patients

With long-term treatment of elderly patients, regular monitoring of creatinine clearance is necessary, because. dose adjustment may be required.

Cancellation of therapy

According to the medical Wikipedia, Piracetam contains a nootropic substance with the same name as an active ingredient. piracetam (INN - Piracetam) in different mass fractions depending on the dosage form of the drug: 1 milliliter of injection solution - 200 mg, 1 capsule - 200 mg or 400 mg, 1 tablet - 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg or 1200 mg.

The additional composition of the ingredients may vary slightly depending on the manufacturer producing the drug, which should also be taken into account by the attending physician prescribing a particular drug.

Release form

Pharmaceutical factories of the post-Soviet space produce this therapeutic agent in three dosage forms: in an injection solution in ampoules of 5 milliliters No. 5, No. 10 or No. 20; in capsules No. 10-No. 120; in tablets No. 10-No. 600.

pharmachologic effect

Neurometabolic (nootropic), psychostimulant.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Annotation to Piracetam classifies its active ingredient as a cyclic derivative GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid ), which have nootropic and psychostimulant properties that have a beneficial effect on the human brain by improving its cognitive (cognitive) functionality, thereby increasing a person's ability to learn, improving his memory, attention and increasing mental performance.

To date, several mechanisms of the effect of the drug on the central nervous system have been studied, among which are: acceleration of metabolic transformations in nerve cells; speed modulation excitation in brain cells improvement microcirculation , due to the impact on rheological blood characteristics , not accompanied by vasodilating effects.

Also, Piracetam injections and Piracetam tablets have a beneficial effect on synaptic conduction in cerebral neocortical structures and contribute to the improvement communication between the hemispheres brain; suppress aggregation ; reduce adhesion and resume elasticity of erythrocyte membranes . Introduced piracetam intravenously or intramuscularly, as well as an oral drug in capsules or tablets (for example, Piracetam Obolenskoe ), at a dose of 9.6 grams lowers the content fibrinogen and number Willibrand factors by 30-40%, and also increases the duration. When , and conducting electroshock therapy , which led to violations of the functionality of the brain, manifested restorative And tread drug action. At vestibular there is a decrease in its duration and severity.

There is no doubt that such an extensive action of Piracetam is in demand in the treatment of many diseases / disorders associated with brain , from which drug injections and its oral administration are widely used in modern domestic medicine.

With the introduction of 2 grams piracetam intravenously or intramuscularly, its Cmax in plasma is observed after about half an hour, in the cerebrospinal fluid this indicator is noted for 2-8 hours and is 40-60 μg / ml. With oral administration of a similar dose, the time to reach Cmax approximately doubles, from which Piracetam tablets begin to act later. Bioavailability is close to absolute (about 100%). Vd is approximately 0.6 l/kg. T1 / 2 from plasma takes 4-5 hours, from cerebrospinal fluid - 6-8 hours. No drug binding with plasma proteins , nor its metabolic transformations in the human body. Within 80-100% of the accepted dose, with the help of glomerular filtration excreted by the kidneys in unchanged form.

renal clearance equals approximately 86 ml/minute. Penetration of the active ingredient of the drug through placental /blood-brain barriers and filter membranes used in carrying out. Animal studies have shown selective accumulation piracetam in the brain, observed mainly in its frontal, occipital parietal zones, basal ganglia and cerebellum.

T1 / 2 of the drug is extended with renal pathologies , for which piracetam patients with should be prescribed in reduced doses. The pharmacokinetics of this therapeutic agent in patients with hepatic insufficiency did not change.

Indications for use Piracetam

For adult patients, indications for the use of Piracetam in injections (in order to relieve acute symptoms), as well as indications for the use of tablets (for example, Piracetam Obolenskoe) or capsules (for prevention and treatment) include:

(dementia ) resulting from brain circulatory disorders ();
coma traumatic, vascular or toxic nature;
brain injury ;
cortical myoclonus ;
psychoorganic syndrome flowing with a decrease in attention, memory, ability to concentrate and activity, behavioral disorder, mood changes, gait disturbance;
sickle cell anemia , including vaso-occlusive crisis ;
vertigo (dizziness) and related imbalance (with the exception of psychogenic and vasomotor genesis);
psychoorganic syndrome and in chronic cases.

For children, the drug is indicated for the purpose of:

treatment dyslexia learning disabilities , which is not associated with the peculiarities of intra-family relations or with inadequate teaching (starting from 8 years old, for some manufacturers from 5 years old);
symptomatic therapy sickle cell anemia , including vaso-occlusive crisis (from the first year of life).

Contraindications for Piracetam

Contraindications to the use of any of the dosage forms of the drug include:

personal hypersensitivity:
Huntington's chorea (Huntington);
lactation;
heavy CRF (with CC less than 20 ml / min);
pregnancy;
in the acute stage;
age up to 1 year (not prescribed for newborns);
psychomotor agitation .

Caution should be used when:

hemostasis disorders ;
CRF (with CC 20-80 ml / min);
major/major surgery;
heavy .

Side effects of Piracetam

In some cases, the following negative side effects were observed during treatment:

motor disinhibition;
decrease in blood pressure ;
irritability;
increased libido ;
hypersensitivity phenomena;
vertigo;
asthenia ;
nausea/vomiting;
weight gain;
anaphylactic reactions ;
mental arousal;
imbalance;
ataxia ;
exacerbation;
sense of anxiety;
abdominal pain;
, pain (with the introduction of Piracetam in/in or/m).

Most often, the side effects of Piracetam passed independently during the course of therapy or disappeared at the end of it.

Application instruction of Piracetam (Way and dosage)

Piracetam injections, instructions for use

Ampoules containing a drug solution are intended for intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) injections. Before taking Piracetam IV, it is recommended to personal hypersensitivity test patient to the ingredients of the preparations. Ampoules with an injection solution, regardless of the manufacturer, contain 1000 mg (200 mg/5 ml) of the active ingredient of the therapeutic agent.

Therapy of symptoms psychoorganic syndrome chronic course takes from 10 to 15 days. Initially, depending on the severity of the negative manifestations of the disease, 2000-4000 mg are administered per day with a gradual increase in this dosage to 4000-6000 mg.

Treatment perception difficulties or coma in patients with brain injury, it requires a minimum of a three-week therapeutic course with the introduction of an initial daily dose of 9000-12000 mg and with the transition to maintenance treatment at a daily dose of 2000 mg.

Therapy consequences of a stroke carried out in the chronic stage of the disease state for 10-15 days at a daily parenteral dosage of 4800 mg. If necessary, you can conduct a similar course of treatment after 6-8 weeks.

Cupping alcohol withdrawal syndrome carried out in the initial daily dose of 12,000 mg. Further treatment of this condition proceeds with the use of a maintenance daily dosage of 2400 mg.

Therapy vertigo and related imbalances takes a course that takes 10-15 days with the introduction of the drug in a daily dosage of 2400-4800 mg.

Preventive treatment sickle cell anemia consists in the daily use of 160 mg of the drug, calculated per kilogram of the patient's weight and administered 4 times in 24 hours in equivalent doses. During vaso-occlusive crisis (including children from the 1st year of life) intravenous daily administration of 300 mg / kg is indicated.

Capsules and tablets Piracetam, instructions for use

Instructions for use of the capsules of this therapeutic agent are identical to the description of the drug in tablets, for example, 200 mg capsules should be taken in the same way as taking 200 mg tablets.

Oral dosage forms are intended for oral administration on an empty stomach or during meals with water, juice or other non-alcoholic beverages. The daily dosage for adult patients, based on a kilogram of weight, varies between 30-160 mg, with a dose of 2-4 times in 24 hours. The last recommended dosage, in order to prevent sleep disorders , must be taken by the patient no later than 17 hours.

Therapy of symptoms psychoorganic syndrome chronic course, depending on the severity of negative manifestations, passes at a daily dose of 1200-2400 mg, and during the first 7 days at a dose of 4800 mg.

Treatment post-stroke conditions requires a daily dosage of 4800 mg.

Withdrawal alcohol syndrome therapy is given in the first shock daily dose of 12,000 mg, followed by a transition to maintenance treatment at a dosage of 2400 mg every 24 hours.

Prevention sickle cell anemia carried out in a daily dose of 160 mg / kg, divided into four equivalent doses.

Therapy vertigo and related imbalances passes in a daily dosage of 2400-4800 mg.

Start of treatment cortical myoclonus occurs at a daily dose of 7200 mg. In the future, every 3-4 days increase the daily dose by 4800 mg, up to reaching a dosage of 24000 mg, which is considered the maximum. Therapy is carried out throughout the entire painful period. Every six months, an attempt should be made to reduce the dosage regimen or completely cancel the drug, with a gradual, once every 24 hour, dose reduction of 1200 mg to prevent a possible attack. In case of insufficient effectiveness of the treatment, the medication is stopped.

During treatment dyslexia and similar morbid conditions manifested learning disabilities , the daily dosage for children is 3300 mg. Therapy continues throughout the current academic year. Before taking Piracetam to improve memory, you should make sure that the child does not have other causes of learning problems, including features of intra-family relationships or inadequate teaching.

Insufficiency of renal function requires the appointment of reduced dosages of the drug, depending on the CC ( clearance ), so at rates of 50-79 ml / min, 2-3 times a day, 2/3 doses are indicated; at 30-49 ml / min twice a day, 1/3 of the dose is prescribed; with a CC of 20-30 ml / min, 1/6 of the dose is taken once every 24 hours.

Overdose

An overdose of Piracetam (when using more than 75,000 mg) can cause the formation pain in the abdomen and development bloody diarrhea .

The recommended therapy includes a set of procedures necessary in such cases ( cleaning the gastrointestinal tract , reception sorbents etc.) and further symptomatic treatment with the use of 50-60% of the drug.

Interaction

Concurrent use with drugs, including thyroid hormones (T3 + T4) can cause increased irritability , sleep disorders And disorientation patient.

The appointment of high doses of Piracetam (over 9600 mg / day) leads to an increase in efficiency acenocoumarol in patients with diagnosed, while it is noted: more pronounced decreased platelet aggregation , decrease blood viscosity , von Willebrand factors and level fibrinogen .

Combined application with CNS stimulants may lead to an increase in psychostimulating effects .

Simultaneous appointment with antipsychotics may cause an increase extrapyramidal disorders .

Due to the excretion of more than 90% of Piracetam in the urine in an unchanged form, the possibility of influencing its pharmacodynamics by other therapeutic agents is unlikely.

The injection form of the drug is pharmaceutically compatible with the following solutions: (0.9%), (5-20%), Fructose (5-20%), (20%), Hydroxyethyl starch (6%, 10%).

Terms of sale

A prescription is required to purchase any dosage form of Piracetam.

Storage conditions

Parenteral and oral forms of the drug should be stored at temperatures up to 25 ° C.

Best before date

Depending on the manufacturer, the shelf life of the drug ranges from 2-5 years (it is recommended to be guided by the end date of use indicated on the package).

special instructions

Due to the effect of the drug on platelet aggregation , its careful use is required by patients with the need for serious surgical operations as well as patients with violation of hemostasis or symptoms heavy bleeding .

During therapy cortical myoclonus abrupt discontinuation of the drug may lead to the resumption of seizures.

Carrying out therapy sickle cell anemia at dosages less than 160 mg/kg or non-systematic use of the drug can cause an exacerbation of the disease.

Long-term treatment of elderly patients requires regular monitoring of indicators kidney functionality and adjustment of dosages of the drug, depending on creatinine clearance .

The possible above-mentioned side effects of the drug may affect the adequacy of the patient's behavior when performing dangerous work and driving a car.

Analogues

Coincidence in the ATX code of the 4th level:

Piracetam analogues are represented by monopreparations:

Amilonosar ;
Vero-Vinpocetine ;
Piracesin .

The combination with Vinpocetine is typical for, and with thiotriazoline For .

Piracetam and its analogues are also often used in complex therapy with drugs with a similar main effect, for example Actovegin And Mexidol .

Piracetam and the compatibility of which, like the compatibility of Piracetam, is beyond doubt, have proven themselves well in the treatment of such painful conditions as: dementia (especially at the beginning of its development), alcoholism , ischemia etc. These combinations are successfully used to treat both elderly patients and children, for example, those suffering from cerebral palsy.

Synonyms

Pirabene ;
Noocetam ;
stamin ;
Memotropil ;
Escotropil ;
Piramem ;
Cerebril ;
Nootobril .

Lucetam or Piracetam - which is better?

In fact Lucetam is a 100% analogue of Piracetam, that is, it includes the same active ingredient, which in itself makes these drugs identical. Some preference by physicians lucetama due to the great confidence in its manufacturer - the company Egis (Hungary) and the presence in the tablet form of the drug at a dosage of 1200 mg, which in some cases is simply more convenient for use.

children

Different manufacturers indicate a different initial age of the possibility of prescribing Piracetam for children (from 1 to 8 years old) and almost all do not recommend using this remedy for newborns (up to 12 months). However, in modern pediatrics, cases of using this drug for the treatment of children under the age of 1 are not so rare and, importantly, productive. Naturally, only a pediatrician can prescribe Piracetam to a child, under constant personal supervision and in compliance with all precautions.

Alcohol compatibility

During therapy, co-administered alcohol did not affect plasma levels piracetam , which, in turn, in doses up to 1600 mg did not change the serum concentration of alcohol itself. However, given the mutual effect of both substances on the central nervous system, it is better to exclude their combined use.

Piracetam during pregnancy and lactation

Targeted studies of the safety of the use of this drug for pregnant women have not been conducted. It is known for certain that Piracetam easily bypasses placental barrier and is found in the milk of a nursing mother. 70-90% of this therapeutic agent, from its content in the mother's plasma, is determined in newborns, which, of course, affects development of their CNS . In this regard, the official instructions for the drug introduce periods and contraindications to its use.

Despite this, the practice of using Piracetam in pregnancy still exists in the countries of the post-Soviet space. Why is Piracetam prescribed during pregnancy, a question that still causes serious debate among specialists who have not been able to come to an unambiguous positive or negative opinion. If we consider the use of the drug orally, intramuscularly or intravenously during pregnancy, only from the side of the health of the expectant mother, if she has undeniable indications for therapy with its use, then such an appointment may be justified. However, many pregnant women are more concerned about the health of their unborn baby, whose normal development such therapy can really damage. One way or another, the decision to use any therapeutic agent during pregnancy must be fully justified by the doctor and confirmed by the patient, who is fully aware of the consequences of this or that treatment for herself and her unborn child.

Table of contents [Show]

Piracetam is a nootropic drug that activates mnestic, mental and cognitive functions of the brain. Stimulates intellectual activity, improves mood and mentality in healthy and sick people. Improves connections between the hemispheres of the brain and synaptic conduction in neocortical structures, increases mental performance, improves cerebral blood flow.

It increases the resistance of brain tissue to oxygen deficiency and toxic damage, enhances the synthesis of nuclear RNA and phospholipids, stimulates glycolytic processes, and enhances the utilization of glucose in the brain.

Piracetam is prescribed for cerebral atherosclerosis, vascular parkinsonism, other pathological processes with symptoms of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency with impaired memory, attention, speech, dizziness, cerebrovascular accidents, coma and subcomatose states as a result of brain injuries and intoxications. Additionally, Piracetam reduces the severity of vestibular nystagmus.

After oral administration, Piracetam is rapidly and virtually completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The bioavailability of the drug is almost 100%. After a single dose of Piracetam at a dose of 2 g, the maximum concentration in blood plasma is observed after 30 minutes and after 5 hours in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Piracetam photo

The drug does not have a sedative and psychostimulating effect on the human body. Currently, the scope of Piracetam includes pediatrics, therapy, narcology, neurology and psychiatry. In total, various pharmaceutical companies in the world produce more than 100 monopreparations with the same active ingredient Piracetam.

Piracetam is prescribed for adults and children with diseases of the nervous system of various etiologies, especially those associated with impaired vascular and metabolic processes of the brain, including elderly and senile patients. Treatment with Piracetam allows you to restore cells damaged during brain injuries.

The medication is part of a therapeutic regimen for the treatment of epilepsy, helps with other complications associated with mental disorders in adults and children.
Indications for use Piracetam:

Atherosclerosis
Hypertension
Parkinson's disease
Memory, attention and speech disorders
Severe headaches and dizziness
Violation of cerebral circulation
Consequences of injuries
Coma states

In children older than 8 years, Piracetam may be prescribed as part of complex therapy for dyslexia. Also in children, the drug is used for cortical myoclonus and sickle cell anemia.

Piracetam is prescribed for children and adults in various dosages, depending on the direction of application and the clinical picture of the disease. The use of piracetam in ampoules, tablets or other forms is decided by the doctor. Attention: take the last single dose no later than 17.00 to prevent sleep disturbances.
The initial dosage of Piracetam when using the drug in the form of intravenous injections is 10 g.

Dosages:

In case of severe conditions at the beginning of treatment, Piracetam is used in the form of intravenous drip infusions up to 12 g of the drug per day for 20-30 minutes. According to the symptoms, the dose is gradually reduced, and then the injections are replaced by a tablet form.

Piracetam tablets, until the patient's condition improves, use 800 mg in the morning, afternoon and evening. Then the dosage is gradually reduced to 400 mg.

The maximum daily dose of Piracetam is 160 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The duration of treatment is one and a half to two months.

In the treatment of chronic conditions, the drug is used orally (before meals), drinking plenty of pure water, starting with 1200 mg (400 mg 3 times a day), and adjusting the daily dosage to 2400 mg, sometimes up to 3200 mg or more. A significant therapeutic effect is observed, as a rule, 2-3 weeks after the start of therapy. In the future, the dose is reduced to 1200-1600 mg (400 mg 3-4 times a day).

Treatment of dizziness and related conditions - a daily dose of 2.4 - 4.8 g for 2 - 3 injections.

When treating the consequences of coma, in the post-traumatic period, the initial dose is 9-12 g / day, the maintenance dose is 2.4 g, the course of treatment is 3 weeks.

Cortical myoclonus: the initial dosage of Piracetam is 7.2 g / day, the dose is increased every 3-4 days by 4.8 g / day, up to a maximum dose of 24 g per day. Cancellation of reception should be carried out gradually under the supervision of a physician. Abrupt withdrawal of piracetam can provoke the resumption of seizures.

In the symptomatic treatment of the psychoorganic syndrome, during the first week of therapy, 4.8 g per day is taken, then the dosage is gradually reduced to a maintenance dose of 1.2-2.4 g.

Sickle cell anemia: 160 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses. Duration as prescribed by the doctor.

In case of renal insufficiency, a dose reduction is necessary: with a creatinine clearance of 20-29 ml / min - 6 times, 30-49 ml / min - 3 times, 50-79 ml / min - up to 2/3 of the usual dose.

Special instructions:

Patients with impaired renal function require constant monitoring of blood levels of creatinine and residual nitrogen.
Due to the effect of the drug on platelet aggregation, it is recommended to use with caution in patients with impaired hemostasis, during major surgical interventions or in patients with symptoms of severe bleeding.

There is evidence of an increase in the effect of antidepressants and antianginal drugs by the active substance of the drug. With simultaneous use with neuroleptics, there is an increase in extrapyramidal disorders.

Piracetam is usually well tolerated by patients, in some cases there may be:

increased irritability;
sleep disturbances, hallucinations;
dizziness, hyperthermia and thrombophlebitis;
increased fatigue;
tremor, frequent epilepsy attacks;
increased sexual activity;
disorder of the gastrointestinal tract - vomiting, impaired defecation, nausea;
dermatitis.

In elderly patients, exacerbation of coronary insufficiency may occur, and seizures may become more frequent in patients with epilepsy. It is also possible to develop allergic reactions such as urticaria and itching.

Overdose

There may be an increase in possible side effects. First aid is gastric lavage, activated charcoal. Further symptomatic therapy.

Piracetam analogues in the pharmacy chain (list):

Lucetam
Memotropil
Nootrobil
Noocetam
Pirabene
Piramem
Pyratropil

Sometimes, for the same diseases, doctors prescribe a more expensive drug, Nootropil. But if you read the instructions, it becomes clear that this is the same Piracetam, only of a different production.

It is important to understand that the instructions for use of Piracetam, the price and reviews do not apply to analogues - it is strictly forbidden to use this guide for other drugs or as instructions for self-medication. When looking for a substitute for Piracetam, you need to consult a doctor and make sure there are no contraindications. Dosage adjustment may be required.

Storage conditions of the drug
Piracetam is only available with a doctor's prescription. The shelf life of tablets is 3 years, capsules and ampoules with a solution - 2 years.

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Piracetam. Reviews of site visitors - consumers of this medicine, as well as opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Piracetam in their practice are presented. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Piracetam analogues in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of vascular disorders, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and pressure in adults, children (including newborns), as well as during pregnancy and lactation. The action of the drug.

Piracetam- has a positive effect on the metabolic processes of the brain, increases the concentration of ATP in the brain tissue, enhances the biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid and phospholipids, stimulates glycolytic processes, enhances the utilization of glucose. It improves the integrative activity of the brain, promotes the consolidation of memory, facilitates the learning process. Changes the rate of propagation of excitation in the brain, improves microcirculation without having a vasodilating effect, inhibits the aggregation of activated platelets. It has a protective effect in case of brain damage caused by hypoxia, intoxication, electric shock, enhances alpha and beta activity, reduces delta activity on the EEG, and reduces the severity of vestibular nystagmus.

It does not have a sedative, psychostimulating effect. The drug improves connections between the hemispheres of the brain and synaptic conduction in neocortical structures, restores and stabilizes cerebral functions, especially consciousness, memory and speech, increases mental performance, improves cerebral blood flow.

Pharmacokinetics or drug action

After ingestion, it is well absorbed and penetrates into various organs and tissues. Penetrates through the blood-brain and placental barriers, accumulates in the brain tissue 1-4 hours after ingestion. It is excreted from the cerebrospinal fluid much more slowly than from other tissues. Practically not metabolized. Excreted by the kidneys - 2/3 unchanged for 30 hours.

Indications

The drug is used in neurological, psychiatric and narcological practice.

Neurology:

vascular diseases of the brain (atherosclerosis, hypertension, vascular parkinsonism) with symptoms of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (impaired memory, attention, speech, dizziness, headache);
disorders of cerebral circulation;
coma, the consequences of trauma and intoxication of the brain in order to increase motor and mental activity;
diseases of the nervous system, accompanied by a decrease in intellectual-mnestic functions and disorders of the emotional-volitional sphere;
symptomatic treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

Psychiatry:

neurotic and asthenic-dynamic depressive states of various origins with a predominance in the clinical picture of signs of adynamia, asthenic and senesto-hypochondriac disorders, and phenomena of ideational retardation;
sluggish-apathetic defective states in schizophrenia, psychoorganic syndromes of various etiologies, senile and atrophic processes;
complex therapy of mental illness occurring on "organically defective soil";
complex therapy of depressive conditions resistant to antidepressants;
poor tolerance of neuroleptics and other psychotropic drugs in order to eliminate or prevent the somatovegetative, neurological and mental complications caused by them;
epilepsy.

Narcology:

relief of withdrawal, pre- and delirious states in alcoholism, drug addiction, in case of acute poisoning with alcohol, morphine, barbiturates, phenamine;
chronic alcoholism with the phenomena of persistent disorders of mental activity (asthenia, intellectual-mnestic disorders).

Pediatrics:

if necessary, accelerate the learning process and eliminate the consequences of perinatal brain damage, with oligophrenia, mental retardation, cerebral palsy.

In the complex therapy of sickle cell anemia.

Release forms

Capsules 400 mg.

Tablets 200 mg and 400 mg.

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration 200 mg / ml (injections) (in 5 ml ampoules).

Instructions for use and dosage

Tablets or capsules

Inside, at the beginning of treatment, 800 mg is prescribed in 3 divided doses before meals, with improvement in the condition, the single dose is gradually reduced to 400 mg. Daily dose - 30-160 mg / kg of body weight, frequency of administration - 2 times a day, if necessary - 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment lasts from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated.

With long-term therapy of psychoorganic syndrome in the elderly, the drug is prescribed at 1.2-2.4 g per day; loading dose during the first weeks of therapy - up to 4.8 g per day. Treatment with piracetam, if necessary, can be combined with the use of psychotropic, cardiovascular and other drugs.

When treating the consequences of coma, in the post-traumatic period, the initial dose is 9-12 g per day, the maintenance dose is 2.4 g, the course of treatment is 3 weeks.

With alcoholism - 12 g per day during the manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; maintenance dose - 2.4 g.

With sickle cell anemia, the daily dose is 160 mg / kg of body weight, divided into 4 equal portions.

Attention: take the last single dose no later than 17.00 to prevent sleep disturbances.

Injections

Intravenous stream or drip, intramuscularly. The daily dose is divided into 2-4 doses.

Symptomatic treatment of psychoorganic syndrome: 4.8 g per day for the first week, then switch to a maintenance dose of 1.2-2.4 g per day.

Treatment of cortical myoclonus: start with a dose of 7.2 g per day, every 3-4 days the dose is increased by 4.8 g per day until a maximum dose of 24 g per day is reached. Treatment is continued throughout the entire period of the disease. Every 6 months you should try to reduce the dose or stop the drug, gradually reducing the dose by 1.2 g per day every 2 days. With a slight therapeutic effect or its absence, treatment is stopped.

Treatment of dyslexia in children over 8 years of age (in combination with other methods of treatment) - 3.2 g, divided into 2 equal doses.

Side effect

Side effects are most often observed at doses above 5 g per day:

nervousness;
excitation;
irritability;
anxiety;
sleep disorder;
nausea, vomiting;
diarrhea, constipation;
anorexia;
dizziness;
headache;
convulsions;
increased sexual activity;
weakness;
drowsiness;
fussiness;
anxiety;
restlessness;
motor disinhibition;
decreased ability to concentrate;
imbalance;
increased conflict.

Contraindications

renal failure (CC less than 20 ml / min);
hemorrhagic stroke (acute stage);
depression with anxiety (azhatirovannye depression);
chorea of Huntington;
pregnancy;
lactation;
children's age (up to 1 year);
hypersensitivity.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of the use of piracetam during pregnancy have not been conducted. Application is possible only in cases where the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

Piracetam appears to pass into breast milk. If necessary, use during lactation should decide on the termination of breastfeeding.

In experimental animal studies, no negative effects of piracetam on the fetus have been identified.

special instructions

In the treatment of acute brain lesions, piracetam is prescribed in combination with other methods of detoxification and rehabilitation therapy, in the treatment of psychotic conditions - with psychotropic drugs.

In the treatment of patients with cortical myoclonus, abrupt discontinuation of the drug should be avoided (risk of recurrence of seizures).

Use with caution in patients with impaired hemostasis, after extensive surgical interventions, severe bleeding.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms

During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

drug interaction

Increases the effectiveness of thyroid hormones, indirect anticoagulants (against the background of high doses of piracetam), psychostimulants.

When administered with neuroleptics, it reduces the risk of extrapyramidal disorders.

When taken simultaneously with neuroleptics, their central effect (tremor, anxiety, etc.) is enhanced.

Analogues of the drug Piracetam

Structural analogues for the active substance:

Lucetam;
Memotropil;
Nootobril;
Nootropil;
Noocetam;
Pirabene;
Pyramem;
Pyratropil;
Piracetam Bufus;
Piracetam MS;
Piracetam Obolensky;
Piracetam-Vial;
Piracetam-ratiopharm;
Piracetam-Richter;
Piracetam-Eskom;
stamin;
Cerebril;
Escotropil.

In the absence of analogues of the drug for the active substance, you can follow the links below to the diseases that the corresponding drug helps with and see the available analogues for the therapeutic effect.

According to the medical Wikipedia, Piracetam contains a nootropic substance with the same name as an active ingredient. piracetam(INN - Piracetam) in different mass fractions depending on the dosage form of the drug: 1 milliliter of injection solution - 200 mg, 1 capsule - 200 mg or 400 mg, 1 tablet - 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg or 1200 mg.

Neurometabolic (nootropic), psychostimulant.

Annotation to Piracetam classifies its active ingredient as a cyclic derivative GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), which have nootropic and psychostimulant properties that have a beneficial effect on the human brain by improving its cognitive (cognitive) functionality, thereby increasing a person's ability to learn, improving his memory, attention and increasing mental performance.

To date, several mechanisms of the effect of the drug on the central nervous system have been studied, among which are: acceleration of metabolic transformations in nerve cells; speed modulation excitation in brain cells improvement microcirculation, due to the impact on rheological blood characteristics, not accompanied by vasodilating effects.

Also, Piracetam injections and Piracetam tablets have a beneficial effect on synaptic conduction in cerebral neocortical structures and contribute to the improvement communication between the hemispheres brain; suppress platelet aggregation; reduce erythrocyte adhesion and resume elasticity of erythrocyte membranes. Introduced piracetam intravenously or intramuscularly, as well as an oral drug in capsules or tablets (for example, Piracetam Obolenskoe), at a dose of 9.6 grams lowers the content fibrinogen and number Willibrand factors by 30-40%, and also increases the duration bleeding. At intoxication, hypoxia and holding electroshock therapy, which led to violations of the functionality of the brain, manifested restorative And tread drug action. At vestibular nystagmus there is a decrease in its duration and severity.

There is no doubt that such an extensive action of Piracetam is in demand in the treatment of many diseases / disorders associated with brain, from which drug injections and its oral administration are widely used in modern domestic medicine.

With the introduction of 2 grams piracetam intravenously or intramuscularly, its Cmax in plasma is observed after about half an hour, in the cerebrospinal fluid this indicator is noted for 2-8 hours and is 40-60 μg / ml. With oral administration of a similar dose, the time to reach Cmax approximately doubles, from which Piracetam tablets begin to act later. Bioavailability is close to absolute (about 100%). Vd is approximately 0.6 l/kg. T1 / 2 from plasma takes 4-5 hours, from cerebrospinal fluid - 6-8 hours. No drug binding with plasma proteins, nor its metabolic transformations in the human body. Within 80-100% of the accepted dose, with the help of glomerular filtration excreted by the kidneys in unchanged form.

renal clearance equals approximately 86 ml/minute. Penetration of the active ingredient of the drug through placental/blood-brain barriers and filter membranes used in carrying out hemodialysis. Animal studies have shown selective accumulation piracetam in the brain, observed mainly in its frontal, occipital parietal zones, basal ganglia and cerebellum.

T1 / 2 of the drug is extended with renal pathologies why piracetam patients with insufficiency of renal function should be administered at lower doses. The pharmacokinetics of this therapeutic agent in patients with hepatic insufficiency did not change.

For adult patients, indications for the use of Piracetam in injections (to relieve acute symptoms), as well as indications for the use of tablets (for example, Piracetam Obolenskoe) or capsules (for prevention and treatment) include:

dementia (dementia) resulting from brain circulatory disorders (ischemic stroke);
coma traumatic, vascular or toxic nature;
brain injury;
cortical myoclonus;
Alzheimer's disease;
psychoorganic syndrome flowing with a decrease in attention, memory, ability to concentrate and activity, behavioral disorder, mood changes, gait disturbance;
sickle cell anemia, including vaso-occlusive crisis;
vertigo(dizziness) and related imbalance(the exception is dizziness psychogenic and vasomotor genesis);
psychoorganic syndrome And withdrawal symptoms and at alcoholism chronic nature.

For children, the drug is indicated for the purpose of:

treatment dyslexia learning disabilities, which is not associated with the peculiarities of intra-family relations or with inadequate teaching (starting from 8 years old, for some manufacturers from 5 years old);
symptomatic therapy sickle cell anemia, including vaso-occlusive crisis(from the first year of life).

Contraindications to the use of any of the dosage forms of the drug include:

personal hypersensitivity:
Huntington's chorea(Huntington);
lactation;
heavy CRF(with CC less than 20 ml / min);
pregnancy;
hemorrhagic stroke in the acute stage;
age up to 1 year (not prescribed for newborns);
psychomotor agitation.

Caution should be used when:

hemostasis disorders;
CRF(with CC 20-80 ml / min);
major/major surgery;
heavy bleeding.

decrease in blood pressure;
irritability;
increased libido;
drowsiness/insomnia;
depression;
diarrhea;
vertigo;
asthenia;
nausea/vomiting;
weight gain;
headache;
anaphylactic reactions;
mental arousal;
itching;
imbalance;
angioedema;
ataxia;
hives;
exacerbation epilepsy;
sense of anxiety;
dermatitis;
hallucinations;
fever;
confusion;
abdominal pain;
thrombophlebitis, pain (with the introduction of Piracetam in/in or/m).

Piracetam injections, instructions for use

Ampoules containing a drug solution are intended for intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) injections. Before taking Piracetam IV, it is recommended to personal hypersensitivity test patient to the ingredients of the preparations. Ampoules with an injection solution, regardless of the manufacturer, contain 1000 mg (200 mg/5 ml) of the active ingredient of the therapeutic agent.

Therapy of symptoms psychoorganic syndrome chronic course takes from 10 to 15 days. Initially, depending on the severity of the negative manifestations of the disease, 2000-4000 mg are administered per day with a gradual increase in this dosage to 4000-6000 mg.

Treatment perception difficulties or coma in patients with brain injury, it requires a minimum of a three-week therapeutic course with the introduction of an initial daily dose of 9000-12000 mg and with the transition to maintenance treatment at a daily dose of 2000 mg.

Therapy consequences of a stroke carried out in the chronic stage of the disease state for 10-15 days at a daily parenteral dosage of 4800 mg. If necessary, you can conduct a similar course of treatment after 6-8 weeks.

Cupping alcohol withdrawal syndrome carried out in the initial daily dose of 12,000 mg. Further treatment of this condition proceeds with the use of a maintenance daily dosage of 2400 mg.

Therapy vertigo and related imbalances takes a course that takes 10-15 days with the introduction of the drug in a daily dosage of 2400-4800 mg.

Preventive treatment sickle cell anemia consists in the daily use of 160 mg of the drug, calculated per kilogram of the patient's weight and administered 4 times in 24 hours in equivalent doses. During vaso-occlusive crisis(including children from the 1st year of life) intravenous daily administration of 300 mg / kg is indicated.

Oral dosage forms are intended for oral administration on an empty stomach or during meals with water, juice or other non-alcoholic beverages. The daily dosage for adult patients, based on a kilogram of weight, varies between 30-160 mg, with a dose of 2-4 times in 24 hours. The last recommended dosage, in order to prevent sleep disorders, must be taken by the patient no later than 17 hours.

Therapy of symptoms psychoorganic syndrome chronic course, depending on the severity of negative manifestations, passes at a daily dose of 1200-2400 mg, and during the first 7 days at a dose of 4800 mg.

Treatment post-stroke conditions requires a daily dosage of 4800 mg.

Withdrawal alcohol syndrome therapy is given in the first shock daily dose of 12,000 mg, followed by a transition to maintenance treatment at a dosage of 2400 mg every 24 hours.

Prevention sickle cell anemia carried out in a daily dose of 160 mg / kg, divided into four equivalent doses.

Therapy vertigo and related imbalances passes in a daily dosage of 2400-4800 mg.

Start of treatment cortical myoclonus occurs at a daily dose of 7200 mg. In the future, every 3-4 days increase the daily dose by 4800 mg, up to reaching a dosage of 24000 mg, which is considered the maximum. Therapy is carried out throughout the entire painful period. Every six months, an attempt should be made to reduce the dosage regimen or completely cancel the drug, with a gradual, once every 24 hour, dose reduction of 1200 mg to prevent a possible attack. In case of insufficient effectiveness of the treatment, the medication is stopped.

During treatment dyslexia and similar morbid conditions manifested learning disabilities, the daily dosage for children is 3300 mg. Therapy continues throughout the current academic year. Before taking Piracetam to improve memory, you should make sure that the child does not have other causes of learning problems, including features of intra-family relationships or inadequate teaching.

Insufficiency of renal function requires the appointment of reduced dosages of the drug, depending on the CC ( creatinine clearance), so at rates of 50-79 ml / min, 2-3 times a day, 2/3 doses are indicated; at 30-49 ml / min twice a day, 1/3 of the dose is prescribed; with a CC of 20-30 ml / min, 1/6 of the dose is taken once every 24 hours.

An overdose of Piracetam (when using more than 75,000 mg) can cause the formation pain in the abdomen and development bloody diarrhea.

The recommended therapy includes a set of procedures necessary in such cases ( cleaning the gastrointestinal tract, reception sorbents etc.) and further symptomatic treatment using hemodialysis, at which 50-60% of the drug is excreted.

Concurrent use with drugs, including thyroid hormones(T3 + T4) can cause increased irritability, sleep disorders And disorientation patient.

The appointment of high doses of Piracetam (over 9600 mg / day) leads to an increase in efficiency acenocoumarol in patients diagnosed venous thrombosis, while it is noted: more pronounced decreased platelet aggregation, decrease blood viscosity, von Willebrand factors and level fibrinogen.

Combined application with CNS stimulants may lead to an increase in psychostimulating effects.

Simultaneous appointment with antipsychotics may cause an increase extrapyramidal disorders.

Due to the excretion of more than 90% of Piracetam in the urine in an unchanged form, the possibility of influencing its pharmacodynamics by other therapeutic agents is unlikely.

The injection form of the drug is pharmaceutically compatible with the following solutions: NaCl (0,9%), Dextrose (5-20%), Ringer, Fructose (5-20%), Mannitol (20%), Hydroxyethyl starch (6%, 10%).

A prescription is required to purchase any dosage form of Piracetam.

Parenteral and oral forms of the drug should be stored at temperatures up to 25 ° C.

Depending on the manufacturer, the shelf life of the drug ranges from 2-5 years (it is recommended to be guided by the end date of use indicated on the package).

Due to the effect of the drug on platelet aggregation, its careful use is required by patients with the need for serious surgical operations as well as patients with violation of hemostasis or symptoms heavy bleeding.

During therapy cortical myoclonus abrupt discontinuation of the drug may lead to the resumption of seizures.

Carrying out therapy sickle cell anemia at dosages less than 160 mg/kg or non-systematic use of the drug can cause an exacerbation of the disease.

Long-term treatment of elderly patients requires regular monitoring of indicators kidney functionality and adjustment of dosages of the drug, depending on creatinine clearance.

The possible above-mentioned side effects of the drug may affect the adequacy of the patient's behavior when performing dangerous work and driving a car.

Piracetam analogues are represented by monopreparations:

Amilonosar;
Vero-Vinpocetine;
Acefen;
Glycine;
Vinpocetine;
Cavinton;
Ginkoum;
Cortexin;
Pantogam;
Gopantam;
Ceraxon;
Neuromet;
Phenotropil;
Noopept;
Cerebrolysin;
Cellex;
encephabol etc.

In turn, good reviews are received by combined analogues of the drug, including piracetam With Cinnarizine, Vinpocetine or Thiotriazoline.

Piracetam and Cinnarizine are part of such medicines as:

Phezam;
NooKam;
combitropil;
Omaron;
fescets;
Piracesin.

The combination with Vinpocetine is typical for Vinpotropila, and with thiotriazoline For Thiocetam.

Piracetam and its analogues are also often used in complex therapy with drugs with a similar main effect, for example Actovegin And Mexidol.

Piracetam and Actovegin whose compatibility, like the compatibility of Piracetam and Mexidol There is no doubt that they have proven themselves well in the treatment of such painful conditions as: dementia(especially at the beginning of its development), alcoholism, ischemia etc. These combinations are successfully used to treat both elderly patients and children, for example, those suffering from cerebral palsy.

Lucetam or Piracetam - which is better?

In fact Lucetam is a 100% analogue of Piracetam, that is, it includes the same active ingredient, which in itself makes these drugs identical. Some preference by physicians lucetama due to the great confidence in its manufacturer - the company Egis (Hungary) and the presence in the tablet form of the drug dosage of 1200 mg, which in some cases is simply more convenient for use.

During therapy, co-administered alcohol did not affect plasma levels piracetam, which, in turn, in doses up to 1600 mg did not change the serum concentration of alcohol itself. However, given the mutual effect of both substances on the central nervous system, it is better to exclude their combined use.

Targeted studies of the safety of the use of this drug for pregnant women have not been conducted. It is known for certain that Piracetam easily bypasses placental barrier and is found in the milk of a nursing mother. 70-90% of this therapeutic agent, from its content in the mother's plasma, is determined in newborns, which, of course, affects development of their CNS. In this regard, the official instructions for the drug introduce periods pregnancy And lactation contraindications for its use.

Despite this, the practice of using Piracetam in pregnancy still exists in the countries of the post-Soviet space. Why is Piracetam prescribed during pregnancy, a question that still causes serious debate among specialists who have not been able to come to an unambiguous positive or negative opinion. If we consider the use of the drug orally, intramuscularly or intravenously during pregnancy, only from the side of the health of the expectant mother, if she has undeniable indications for therapy with its use, then such an appointment may be justified. However, many pregnant women are more concerned about the health of their unborn baby, whose normal development such therapy can really damage. One way or another, the decision to use any therapeutic agent during pregnancy must be fully justified by the doctor and confirmed by the patient, who is fully aware of the consequences of this or that treatment for herself and her unborn child.

In the bulk, reviews of doctors, as well as reviews on the forums of patients using this remedy in order to increase the cognitive abilities of the brain and treat problems cerebral circulation, of a positive nature. Piracetam injections, according to experts who use this drug in their practice, do an excellent job of stopping acute conditions, and capsules and tablets perfectly support the effect obtained in subsequent therapy.

Also, Piracetam, when prescribed to children, copes well with the problem of their low learning ability, although for children with severe similar painful conditions, most likely, a whole range of drugs and medical procedures will be needed. Side effects of the drug are observed in approximately 5% of patients using it, while in most cases they are mild and self-limiting.

The cost of this medicine in Russia and Ukraine depends on the manufacturer, dosage form, mass content of the active ingredient and the number of units of the drug in the package, therefore, it is advisable to find out how much Piracetam tablets, capsules or ampoules cost in advance, taking into account all of the above factors.

For example, in Russia, the price of Piracetam in tablets and capsules can vary between 30-150 rubles, and the price of 5 ml injections is around 50-200 rubles.

You can buy tablets and capsules in Ukraine for 10-50 hryvnias, and the price of Piracetam in 5 ml ampoules can be 15-40 hryvnias.

Piracetam tablets 800 mg 30 pcs Ozon LLC

Piracetam tablets 400 mg 60 pcs. Ozon LLC

Piracetam Obolenskoe tablets 800 mg 30 pcs. Obolenskoe FP

Piracetam capsules 400 mg 20 pcs. Synthesis OAO

Piracetam Bufus solution 200 mg/ml 5 ml 10 pcs.Renewal

Piracetam 400mg №20 caps. (synthesis) Synthesis OAO

Piracetam 800mg №30 tablets /Ozone/Ozone OOO

Piracetam 20% injection 5ml №10 ampGrotex LLC

Piracetam 400mg №60 capsules (Vertex)Vertex CJSC

Piracetam 20% injection 5ml №10 ampoulesPharmstandard-Ufavita OAO

PiracetamVertex CJSC, Russia

PiracetamOzon LLC, Russia

PiracetamPharmproject CJSC, Russia

Piracetam-BufusRenewal of PFK CJSC, Russia

PiracetamFarmak (Ukraine, Kyiv)

PiracetamGalichpharm (Ukraine, Lviv)

PiracetamDarnitsa (Ukraine, Kyiv)

PiracetamBorshchagovsky CPP (Ukraine, Kyiv)

Piracetam caps. 0.4g №30Farmak

Piracetam 200 mg/ml 5 ml No. 10 solution for in.amp. Belmedpreparaty (Belarus)

Piracetam 400 mg №10 caps.

Piracetam 400 mg №10 caps. Borisovsky ZMP (Belarus)

Piracetam 20% / 5 ml No. 10 solution for in.amp. Borisovsky ZMP (Belarus)

Piracetam-Darnitsa 20%/5 ml №10 solution for in.amp. Darnitsa (Ukraine)

Nootropic drugs are widely prescribed for various diseases of the nervous system and are recommended to protect the brain from harmful effects. Piracetam is considered one of the most popular medicines of this group. It is often used in adults for parkinsonism, asthenia, or atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels. Is it shown to children, in what cases is it prescribed to a child and how does it affect the nervous system of babies?

Release form and composition

Piracetam is produced by many pharmaceutical companies both in our country and abroad. Next to its name, there is sometimes a second word indicating the manufacturer, for example, Piracetam-Richter, Piracetam Obolensky, Piracetam-Ferein or Piracetam-Eskom.

However, all these medicines include the same active ingredient, which is also called piracetam.

The drug is produced in the following forms:

Coated tablets. They have a convex capsule-shaped or round shape, and the color is white or yellow. One tablet may contain 200, 400, 800 or 1200 mg of piracetam, as well as density aids such as povidone, hypromellose and starch. One box sells 10, 20 or more tablets (in blisters or in a jar).

Operating principle

Piracetam can affect the functioning of the central nervous system, since such a substance stimulates the production of some compounds important for the functioning of the brain, and also accelerates metabolic processes in nerve cells.

The use of such a drug not only has a positive effect on the functions of the nervous system, but also helps protect the brain from harmful factors, for example, toxic substances in the blood or lack of oxygen.

Indications

Among the reasons to prescribe Piracetam to children are various neurological pathologies, including encephalopathy, cerebral palsy, intracranial injuries, neuroinfections and other diseases. The drug is also prescribed for prophylactic purposes, for example, to schoolchildren before exams, when their brain is subject to higher loads.

Piracetam can be used in the treatment of a child of any age, however, babies of the first years of life are given such a medication only if there are serious reasons, for example, if the newborn has suffered a head injury during childbirth.

Piracetam capsules are usually prescribed from the age of 5 years.

Contraindications

The drug is not prescribed for children with allergies to its components, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus and some other severe pathologies. If the child has some kind of disease, the issue of using Piracetam is decided individually.

Side effects

In some children taking Piracetam, the digestive tract is disrupted, nervousness, hand tremors, anxiety, restlessness and other negative symptoms appear. If they occur, you should immediately tell your doctor about it.

Most often, the drug is prescribed in solid form, and injections (intravenous or intramuscular) are used in rare cases. The dosage of Piracetam is selected for each patient separately, because it is influenced by both the age of the child and his diagnosis. That is why giving tablets or capsules to children without consulting a doctor should not. The course of treatment is usually long and ranges from several weeks to 2-6 months.

Overdose and drug interactions

If you exceed the dose of Piracetam, this will increase its side effects. The drug can be combined with many other drugs, but the effectiveness of some of them is enhanced by its action, so when taking any other drugs, you need to consult a doctor.

To purchase Piracetam, you need a prescription that is written by a pediatrician, neurologist or other specialist. The price of the medicine depends on its packaging and on the manufacturer, but usually it is low.

Store the drug at home is advised at room temperature out of the reach of small children. The shelf life of Piracetam, depending on the manufacturer and form, in most cases is 2 or 3 years. It is important to clarify it before using the medicine in order to prevent the use of an expired remedy.

There are many good reviews about the use of Piracetam in the treatment of children. According to parents, the drug has a positive effect on the child's condition, improves brain function, and reduces neurological symptoms. The advantages of the drug also include its availability and low cost.

According to mothers, in most cases the medication is well tolerated. Only occasionally does the child's body react to tablets or capsules with negative side symptoms, such as nausea, stool changes, nervousness or distraction. They are noted in the negative reviews of the drug.

Also, sometimes there are complaints about the lack of a therapeutic effect.

Instead of Piracetam, another preparation containing the same active ingredient can be used, for example, Nootropil, Lucetam or Memotropil. Such drugs are presented in several forms, so choosing a suitable replacement is quite simple.

In addition, the doctor may prescribe combination medicines containing piracetam. One such remedy is Phezam, which contains a combination of piracetam and cinnarizine.

Other nootropics can also replace Piracetam, among which the following are especially popular in the treatment of children:

Pantogam. This hopantenic acid medicine is used for tics, epilepsy, mental retardation, concussion, and other neurological problems. In the form of a syrup, it is used even in infants, and tablets are given to children over three years old. Its analogues are Pantocalcin and Gopantam.

If a child does not study well at school, is often irritable and whiny, complains of headaches and lethargy, the doctor may prescribe Piracetam. This nootropic drug, which improves brain activity and helps children born with neurological abnormalities. How to take the medicine and whether it has side effects - read about it in our review.

Piracetam improves brain nutrition and promotes the restoration of damaged neurons.

Composition and action of the drug

The active substance of the drug is piracetam. Auxiliary components:

in tablets- magnesium carbonate, calcium stearate, starch, lecithin;
in capsules- gelatin, dyes, titanium dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate;
in injection solution- purified water, acetic acid, potassium and sodium phosphate.

Nootropic drugs, namely this group of drugs includes piracetam, improve metabolic processes in brain tissues, stimulate blood microcirculation, and accelerate the transmission of nerve impulses.

When exposed to the drug, the symptoms of oxygen starvation disappear, the connections between the right and left hemispheres are strengthened.

The drug has a beneficial effect on the central nervous system:

improves cognitive and cognitive abilities;
strengthens memory;

The drug increases concentration
and memory.

The action of the drug is aimed at restoring damaged brain cells and normalizing its work. It is necessary to take the drug for a long time, because the effect is increasing.

Piracetam is prescribed for children by neurologists for various congenital pathologies of the central nervous system associated with an unfavorable course of pregnancy and birth injuries. In addition, treatment with the drug is indicated for brain damage as a result of an acute or chronic disease.

Indications for prescribing medication in children are:

symptoms of vegetovascular dystonia;
decreased attention, ability to concentrate;
mental retardation;
enuresis;
nervous tic;
dyslexia and speech development disorders;

The medication will help with delayed speech development.

The drug is prescribed for prophylactic purposes if a pediatric neurologist suspects perinatal brain damage.

Piracetam is widely used in neurological practice. It has fewer side effects than other nootropic drugs. The medicine is produced by many Russian and foreign pharmacological companies:

Akrikhin, Dalchimpharm, Vertex, Sintez, Irbitsky CPP, FP Obolenskoye (Russia);
AbZ-Pharma (Germany);
Biogaran (France);
Himaks pharma (Bulgaria);
Aliud (Czech Republic);
Borisov plant of medical preparations, "Belmedpreparaty" (Belarus);
"Farmak" (Ukraine).

The medicine is available in the form of tablets, solution, capsules, powder. Let's present them in a table.

Piracetam sweet syrup is sold under the trade name Nootropil, the average price is 280 rubles. For children, this form is preferable, it is more convenient to give it, and kids drink this medicine with pleasure. But if the child has an allergy to sweets or atopic dermatitis, the doctor will prescribe intramuscular injections or tablets.

Nootropil and Piracetam have the same composition.

Instructions are included in the packages with the medicine, regardless of the form. The drug is stored at room temperature, in a dark place. Shelf life for tablets, capsules, powder - 3 years, for solution - 5 years.

The average price of 200 mg tablets is 22 rubles, an injection solution is 45 rubles. You can buy medicine at a pharmacy according to a doctor's prescription.

The instructions for use of Piracetam indicate the dosage for adults and babies. But a doctor should choose a safe and effective dose. Only a specialist will be able to take into account all the nuances, as well as decide in what form to use the medicine.

According to the general scheme used in pediatric practice, children are prescribed Piracetam tablets or injections at a dosage of 200 mg three times a day. But in each case, the doctor prescribes the medicine individually. For example, in the treatment of dyslexia, a child can drink 4 single doses twice a day.

Download instructions for use →

The maximum dose is 1.8 g of the active substance per day. As a rule, the doctor prescribes Piracetam to the child for 2-3 weeks, 2-3 months or six months.

An important point: the drug has an exciting effect on the central nervous system, so give the last daily dose to the baby before 5 pm. If you take the drug later, it will be difficult for the child to fall asleep.

Among the contraindications in the instructions are age up to 1 year, acute disorders in the work of the kidneys, hemorrhagic stroke and individual intolerance to the main substance or additional components that make up its composition.

In some cases, children have negative side effects:

tearfulness and fatigue;

Doctors note that the use is accompanied by tearfulness, anxious feelings and nervousness.

If such symptoms appear, stop being treated with Piracetam and consult a neurologist. He will choose another remedy.

Piracetam not recommended for use with thyroid hormone replacements. This medicine increases their production, so there is an overdose effect: tremor, sleep problems, anxiety, irritability.

In addition, piracetam enhances the action of psychostimulants, anticoagulants, neuroleptics.

Margarita from Plast writes in a review:

“My daughter is 11 years old. At the beginning of the school year, headaches began, the daughter complained of constant fatigue, dizziness. A pediatric neurologist at the clinic prescribed Piracetam and Eleutherococcus tablets. We drink 400 mg twice a day. Positive changes began by the end of the first week. The daughter feels better, there were no side effects. I was surprised that the drug is cheap, I did not believe that it would help. But now, on my own experience, I was convinced of its effectiveness.

After treatment, the child learns more willingly and copes with stress at school more easily.

Svetlana from Naberezhnye Chelny left the following review:

“At the age of 3 months, my son was prescribed a course of injections of Piracetam and vitamin B12 by a neurologist. The child has neurological disorders: weak muscle tone, asymmetry of facial muscles. Pricked 1 ml per day, in the morning. The injections were painful, the baby was sorry. But after the completion of the procedures, the son has improvements. There was a reliance on the legs, firmly grasping the finger.

Children's neurologist Anna Stanislavovna speaks positively about the drug:

“Piracetam has long established itself in pediatric practice as an effective nootropic. I prescribe it for violations of reflexes and reactions in young children simultaneously with electrophoresis and paraffin therapy. Such therapy is also safe for babies of the first year of life, if an adequate dose is selected and there are no kidney disorders. For school-age children with severe vegetative-vascular symptoms, I recommend treatment with Piracetam along with hardening procedures and correction of the daily regimen.

A complete analogue of Piracetam is Nootropil. If these nootropic drugs are not suitable for the child, the doctor will replace them with drugs with a similar effect.

Name	Active substance	Release form	price, rub.
Mexidol	Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate	Tablets 125 mg	230
Mexidol	Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate	Solution for injection 50 mg	430
Cavinton	Vinpocetine	Tablets 5 mg	230
Cavinton	Vinpocetine	Concentrate for solution for infusion 1 ml/5 mg	260
Picamilon	Nicotinyl gamma-aminobutyric acid	Pills	95
Picamilon	Nicotinyl gamma-aminobutyric acid	Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration	120
Vinpocetine	Vinpocetine	Tablets 5 mg	150
Vinpocetine	Vinpocetine	Concentrate for solution for infusion	90
Pantogam	Calcium hopantenate	Syrup 100 ml/10 mg	350
Pantogam	Calcium hopantenate	Tablets 250, 500 mg	370
Glycine	Glycine	Tablets 100 mg	27

Piracetam analogue - Picamilon.

Summing up

Piracetam is an effective nootropic drug that has long been used in pediatrics. It helps brain cells recover, relieves neurological disorders in children in the postpartum period. For kindergarteners and schoolchildren, the remedy is prescribed to improve cognitive abilities.

Julia Ulitkina

From this medical article you can get acquainted with the drug Piracetam. Instructions for use will explain in which cases you can take the medicine, what it helps with, what are the indications for use, contraindications and side effects. The annotation presents the form of release of the drug and its composition.

In the article, doctors and consumers can only leave real reviews about Piracetam, from which you can find out if the medicine helped in the treatment of vascular disorders, pressure, anemia in adults and children. The instructions list analogues of Piracetam, drug prices in pharmacies, as well as its use during pregnancy.

Piracetam is a synthetic nootropic agent that is widely used in neurological and psychiatric practice.

The active ingredient of the drug Piracetam, instructions for use explains this, has an effect directly on the brain, due to which cognitive processes are improved, learning ability is increased, mental performance, attention and memory are normalized.

For adult patients, indications for the use of Piracetam in injections (to relieve acute symptoms), as tablets or capsules (for prevention and treatment) include:

vertigo (dizziness) and related imbalances (with the exception of dizziness of psychogenic and vasomotor origin);
Alzheimer's disease;
cortical myoclonus;
psychoorganic syndrome and abstinence and chronic alcoholism;
sickle cell anemia, including vaso-occlusive crisis;
coma of a traumatic, vascular or toxic nature;
brain injury;
psycho-organic syndrome, which occurs with a decrease in attention, memory, ability to concentrate and activity, behavioral disorder, mood changes, gait disturbance;
dementia (dementia) resulting from circulatory disorders of the brain (ischemic stroke).

Why is Piracetam prescribed to children? In childhood, the drug is indicated for the purpose of:

treatment of dyslexia and similar painful conditions, manifested by learning disabilities, which are not associated with the peculiarities of intra-family relations, with inadequate teaching (starting from 8 years old, for some manufacturers from 5 years old);
treatment of symptoms of sickle cell anemia, including vaso-occlusive crisis (from the first year of life).

Piracetam (tablets or capsules)

It is taken orally at the beginning of treatment, 800 mg is prescribed in 3 doses before meals, with the improvement of the condition, the single dose is gradually reduced to 400 mg. The daily dose is 30-160 mg/kg of body weight, the frequency of administration is 2 times a day, if necessary, 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is continued from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months.

When treating the consequences of coma, in the post-traumatic period, the initial dose is 9-12 g per day, the maintenance dose is 2.4 g, the course of treatment is 3 weeks. This dosage form is recommended for children from 5 years old - 1 caps. 3 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 1.8 g. The course of treatment is from 2 weeks to 2-6 months.

With alcoholism - 12 g per day during the manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; maintenance dose - 2.4 g.

With sickle cell anemia, the daily dose is 160 mg / kg of body weight, divided into 4 equal portions. Attention: take the last single dose no later than 17.00 to prevent sleep disturbances.

Treatment of dizziness and related imbalances: 2.4-4.8 g per day.

With sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis (in adults and children): intravenously at 300 mg / kg per day, divided into 4 equal doses.

Treatment of dyslexia in children over 8 years of age (in combination with other methods of treatment) - 3.2 g, divided into 2 equal doses.

According to the instructions, Piracetam is prohibited from prescribing for:

Chorea of Huntington;
chronic kidney failure;
hypersensitivity to the components of the drug Piracetam, from which side effects may develop;
pregnancy and lactation;
hemorrhagic stroke;
psychomotor arousal.

Assign with extreme caution in such conditions as:

heavy bleeding;
violation of hemostasis;
extensive surgical interventions.

In some cases, the following negative side effects were observed during treatment:

urticaria;
fever
drowsiness/insomnia;
vertigo;
sense of anxiety;
weight gain;
increased libido;
thrombophlebitis, pain (with the introduction of Piracetam in/in or/m);
irritability;
motor disinhibition;
mental arousal;
exacerbation of epilepsy;
ataxia;
nausea/vomiting;
asthenia;
hallucinations;
confusion;
depression
abdominal pain;
imbalance;
dermatitis;
headache;
hypersensitivity phenomena;
anaphylactic reactions;
angioedema;
decrease in blood pressure;
diarrhea

Most often, the side effects of Piracetam passed independently during the course of therapy or disappeared at the end of it.

Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of the use of Piracetam during pregnancy have not been conducted. Appointment is possible only in cases where the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus. The active substance passes into breast milk.

If necessary, use during lactation should decide on the termination of breastfeeding. In experimental animal studies, no negative effects of piracetam on the fetus have been identified.

When this drug is taken in combination with iodine-containing thyroid hormones, there is a possibility of irritability, confusion and sleep disturbances.

Complete analogues of Piracetam are the following drugs:

Nootropil.
Pirabene.
Lucetam.
Noocetam.
Stamina.
Memotropil.
Escotropil.
Pyramem.
Cerebril.
Nootobril.

In pharmacies, the price for Piracetam injections (Moscow) is 30 rubles for 10 ampoules of 5 ml of 200 mg per ml. Tablets cost 54 rubles for 60 pieces of 400 mg.

Dosage form

Description and composition

Pharmacological group

Indications for use

for adults

for children

Contraindications

Applications and doses

for adults

for children

Side effects

Interaction with other drugs

special instructions

Overdose

Storage conditions

Analogues

Forms of release and composition

Pharmacological properties

What helps Piracetam?

Instructions for use

Piracetam (tablets or capsules)

injections

Contraindications

Side effects

During pregnancy and lactation

children

drug interaction

special instructions

Analogues of the drug Piracetam

Price

Characteristics of the substance Piracetam

Pharmacology

The use of the substance Piracetam

Contraindications

Application restrictions

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Side effects of Piracetam

Interaction

Overdose

Routes of administration

Precautions Substance Piracetam

Release form

pharmachologic effect

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Indications for use Piracetam

Contraindications for Piracetam

Side effects of Piracetam

Application instruction of Piracetam (Way and dosage)

Piracetam injections, instructions for use

Capsules and tablets Piracetam, instructions for use

Overdose

Interaction

Terms of sale

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special instructions

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Lucetam or Piracetam - which is better?

children

Alcohol compatibility

Piracetam during pregnancy and lactation

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Lucetam or Piracetam - which is better?

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Summing up

Piracetam (tablets or capsules)

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