What is cholecystitis and it. Symptoms of cholecystitis in women and treatment

Description of the disease

- This is an inflammatory process in the gallbladder, most often provoked by an organ infection with intestinal microflora against the background of a violation of the outflow of bile through a blocked cystic duct. Usually cholecystitis is a complication of gallstone disease. The gallbladder is located next to the liver and is actively involved in the digestion process. In this case, the release of bile occurs through the small intestine, but sometimes problems arise with evacuation, and bile collects in the gallbladder, which results in severe pain and an increased risk of infection.

As a rule, the disease occurs in combination with cholangitis - inflammation of the bile ducts. Cholecystitis is a common surgical pathology, especially among middle-aged and older women - they get sick three to eight times more often than men of their age.

The main reasons for a gender predisposition to cholecystitis:

Chronic compression of the gallbladder during pregnancy provokes long-term consequences - an imbalance in cholesterol and bile acids, and, as a result, stagnation of bile;

Features of hormonal metabolism in women - it has been proven that progesterone, produced in large quantities during pregnancy, and other female sex hormones negatively affect the functioning of the gallbladder;

Women tend to be addicted to diets, and severe food restrictions impair the motility (contractility) of the gallbladder.

The risk group, regardless of gender and age, includes people who have previously been ill:

Intestinal and / or liver infections;

Gallstone disease (GSD) with obstruction (blockage) of the neck and / or damage to the mucous membranes of the gallbladder;

Diseases that disrupt the blood supply to the walls of the gallbladder.

A reflex connection between the pathologies of the gallbladder and the abdominal organs that are not anatomically connected with it has been proven - these are the so-called viscero-visceral reflexes. All of the above causes of cholecystitis are caused either by impaired patency (obstruction) of the gallbladder, or by impaired motility (dyskinesia).

On the etiological basis, two large nosological groups of cholecystitis are distinguished:

Calculus (lat. Calculus - stone);

Non-calculous (stoneless).

Along the course, cholecystitis is subdivided into:

• Chronic.

By the nature of the inflammation, they are:

Catarrhal;

• Gangrenous;

  Phlegmonous;

  Mixed.

Gangrenous and phlegmonous forms of the disease belong to the group of destructive cholecystitis.

The gallbladder is anatomically and physiologically similar to the liver. The functions of the liver are varied, one of them is the continuous production of bile and its release into the duodenum. Excess bile accumulates in the gallbladder and is consumed in portions.

The role of bile in the physiology of digestion:

Dilutes food processed with gastric juice, changes gastric digestion to intestinal;

Stimulates the peristalsis of the small intestine;

Activates the production of physiological mucus, which performs a protective function in the intestine;

Neutralizes bilirubin, cholesterol and a number of other substances;

Launches digestive enzymes.

The initial symptoms of cholecystitis are usually sharp pain in the right side below the ribsarising unexpectedly. The reason for this is a stone that blocks the cystic duct. As a result, irritation and inflammation of the gallbladder develops.

The pain goes away after some time on its own or after taking the pain reliever, but in the future its gradual increase is observed, and then it becomes regular. The development of the disease occurs, which is accompanied by vomiting and nausea. The patient's condition continues to deteriorate.

The normal flow of bile into the intestines ceases, an indication of which is the icteric coloration of the skin and eye sclera... Prerequisites for jaundice are precisely the presence of stones that block the bile ducts. The severity of pathogenesis is characterized by the patient's pulse: usually the heart rate is from eighty to one hundred and twenty to one hundred and thirty beats per minute (or even higher), which is a serious sign that means that dangerous changes have occurred in the body.

As for the chronic form of cholecystitis, the symptoms may not be particularly evident; in the future, the disease may make itself felt in a more advanced form or take on an acute form. In this case, only treatment in a special medical institution will avoid the deterioration of the condition.

reveal during the collection of anamnesis, physical examinations (examination and palpation), laboratory and instrumental studies:

Symptoms when taking anamnesis. On the basis of complaints of the patient, previous diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and other organs are established, the nature of pain in the abdomen and digestive disorders (nausea and, diarrhea, bloating);

Symptoms determined by physical methods. A coated tongue is a sign of congestion in the gallbladder. The leading symptom of cholecystitis is soreness, determined by palpation, manifested in different projections of the trunk;

Differential diagnosis based on laboratory and instrumental research methods. The instrumental diagnosis of cholecystitis is based on probing of the duodenum and various modifications of X-ray and ultrasound studies. With their help, the peristalsis of the bladder, the permeability of bile into the lumen of the duodenum and other important functional and morphological parameters are determined.

Nausea with cholecystitis- A common symptom: Nausea is a condition that usually precedes the gag reflex. In some cases, nausea and vomiting is a protective reaction of the body to intoxication. With cholecystitis, nausea and vomiting are always part of the pathogenesis of the disease.

Nausea with cholecystitis should be differentiated from similar symptoms in other diseases and pathologies:

Appendicitis;

Poisoning;

Mesenteric artery obstruction;

Ectopic pregnancy.

To differentiate nausea and vomiting with cholecystitis, it matters:

The time of day for which nausea is most common;

How long after a meal does it appear;

The duration and outcome of nausea (whether it ends in vomiting);

Whether or not there is relief from vomiting;

The composition of the vomit (digested or undigested food);

The presence of blood clots or other foreign matter in the vomit.

Diarrhea (diarrhea) with cholecystitis observed very often. , constipation, bloating are invariable signs of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including cholecystitis. The sudden appearance of a stool disorder during the treatment of cholecystitis indicates a complicated course of the disease.

Attacks of nausea;

Feeling of bitterness in the mouth;

Subfebrile body temperature (from 37 to 38 0 С);

Enlargement of the liver (in some cases, the organ is palpable through the abdominal wall);

Thickening of the walls of the gallbladder (detected by instrumental examination).

Sharp pain in chronic cholecystitis is not observed. In some cases, pain syndrome may be absent altogether. More often, patients notice dull or aching pain in themselves. Chronic acalculous cholecystitis may well proceed without severe pain. Pain provocation techniques show a negative or slightly positive response. The pain increases with exacerbation of the disease.

Types of cholecystitis

There are two main types of cholecystitis:

Calculous cholecystitis in acute and chronic forms;

Non-calculous cholecystitis in acute and chronic forms.

In fact, these are two different diseases in terms of etiopathogenesis. In the first case, the reason is irritation and stretching of the membranes of the gallbladder, and in the second, a violation of the functioning of the walls of the bladder due to insufficient blood supply and innervation.

Calculous cholecystitis

Calculous cholecystitis (stone cholecystitis) is a combination and mutual action of three pathological processes in the body, including metabolic disorders, stone formation and inflammation.

The pathogenesis of calculous cholecystitis develops in several stages:

Metabolic disorders - the formation of calculi (cholelithiasis) in the cavity of the gallbladder, or cholelithiasis (GSD);

Injury of the mucous membranes of the gallbladder with acute calculi;

Infection with intestinal microflora and subsequent inflammation of the walls of the gallbladder.

The formation of stones is the result of pathological processes caused by metabolic disorders. The stones are composed of cholesterol, pigments (bilirubin) and lime, they are almost always mixed, with a predominance of cholesterol. Normally, excess cholesterol, bilirubin and calcium are removed in the feces.

Gallstones can have the following structure:

Crystalline;

Fibrous;

Amorphous;

Layered.

The size of the stones varies. Stones with a diameter of less than 3 mm, having an even shape, are easily removed from the body through the intestines.

Stones with calculous cholecystitis are divided into:

Primary (formed only in the gallbladder);

Secondary (formed in the bile and intrahepatic ducts).

Chronic calculous cholecystitis Is an inflammation of the walls of the gallbladder, which is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation. The period of exacerbation of chronic calculous cholecystitis should be considered as an acute inflammation.

Periods of chronic calculous cholecystitis:

The period of remission (sedation) is due to the elimination of the cause of concern (temporary restoration of the outflow of bile into the duodenum);

The period of exacerbation occurs due to secondary obstruction (blockage) of the duct and / or stratification of infection.

Symptoms of exacerbation appear some time after eating fatty foods:

A feeling of heaviness in the epigastrium, right hypochondrium or navel;

Dyspeptic disorders (diarrhea and constipation, bitterness in the mouth,).

Since calculous cholecystitis is based on cholelithiasis (BC), diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic calculous cholecystitis are considered taking into account the course of cholelithiasis.

Gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) is a pathological formation in the bile ducts of the liver and the gallbladder of stones (gallstones). Initially, the disease proceeds as a metabolic disorder, without the participation of inflammatory reactions. The disease is characterized by staged pathogenesis. Gallstones can be latent (hidden) or subclinical (with minor symptoms) for a long time. In the later stages, cholelithiasis has a varied clinical picture, including atypical, disguised as similar diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and heart.

There are the following forms of ZhKB:

Latent. It can proceed without clinical manifestations throughout the entire period of the disease. It is diagnosed by ultrasound examination of the liver and gallbladder. The absence of a clinic is explained by the presence of stones of small diameter (less than three millimeters). When making a diagnosis in this phase, you should consult a dietitian in order to correct the diet and include in the diet foods that reduce the risk of stone formation and have a moderate choleretic effect;

Dyspeptic. The reasons for the development of dyspeptic gallstone disease are not well understood. Usually the clinical manifestation is provoked by prolonged hard work, general and local cooling. The disease is characterized by pain in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium. The pain is dull, aching, paroxysmal. In some cases, dyspepsia is noted (diarrhea, constipation, heartburn, bitterness in the mouth). The cause of the disorder in the activity of the gastrointestinal tract in this case is a change in the composition (absence) of bile in the small intestine;

Torpid. A form of the disease characterized by dullness of sensitivity. It occurs after a series of acute attacks of cholecystitis. The exhausted nervous system reacts to pathogenesis only with aching pains in the solar plexus region;

Shock. It occurs with hepatic colic and acute obstruction (obstruction) of the gallbladder and duct. The pain is accompanied by vegetative reactions - pallor of the skin and cold sweat against the background of chills and palpitations.

Chronic gallbladder cholecystitis in remission is diagnosed on the basis of laboratory and instrumental methods.

Laboratory methods include research:

Blood (general indicators (ESR, leukocyte formula), as well as indicators of cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, ALT, GGtP, alpha-amylase);

Urine (for bilirubin);

Contents of the duodenum (for bilirubin and cholesterol).

The following instrumental methods are used:

Ultrasound diagnostics. It is carried out in order to detect signs of pathologically altered tissues of the gallbladder, in some cases, stones;

Cholegraphy. X-ray examination method complementary to ultrasound. It is used to detect hidden pathologies of the gallbladder;

Probing of the duodenum. Used to sample the contents of the small intestine.

Calculous cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder against the background of a difficult outflow of bile without cholelithiasis is called calculous cholecystitis. This disease is always combined with hepatitis, inflammation of the bile ducts and pancreas.

Calculous cholecystitis can develop under the influence of:

Microbial infection of the gallbladder;

Corrosion of the mucous membranes of the organ by pancreatic enzymes;

Circulatory disorders in the walls of the gallbladder.

Calculous cholecystitis manifests itself with typical and atypical symptoms:

Typical shape. The disease is characterized by dull, monotonous pain in the right hypochondrium forty to ninety minutes after eating, driving off-road or carrying weights. There was an increase in pain while sitting and calming down in the supine position. The pain is combined with heartburn, nausea and;

Cardiac syndrome. Dull pain in the atrial region, and extrasystoles that occur after eating. On the electrocardiogram, there is a negative T wave, smoothed QRS waves;

Esophagic syndrome. Persistent heartburn, dull pain and sensation of a foreign body behind the breastbone. Temporary dysphagia (difficulty swallowing food);

Intestinal syndrome. Abdominal distension with non-localized pain and obstinate constipation.

Chronic non-calculous cholecystitis - This is an inflammation of the gallbladder, which occurs as a result of microbial infection, accompanied by the proliferation of connective tissue and stagnation of bile without the formation of stones.

The penetration of microflora into the focus of pathogenesis occurs along an ascending or descending path, or lymphogenically:

The ascending path is from the intestine to the neck of the bladder and above. Promotes dysfunction of the sphincter, which prevents the reverse flow of bile from the intestines;

Descending path - with the circulation of the pathogen in the bloodstream. In some sources, it is called "hematogenous" by spreading the infection;

Lymphogenous. Lymph is a biological fluid of the body that is involved in many functions, including neutralizing inflammatory reactions. With massive purulent infections (genitourinary, respiratory, digestive), lymph does not cope with its role and becomes a transmission factor for infection.

The development of the pathogenesis of chronic calculous cholecystitis is accompanied by the loss of the contractile and suction functions of the gallbladder, which leads to stagnation (occlusion) of bile, thickening of the walls and wrinkling of the organ.

Two forms of cholecystitis - phlegmonous and gangrenous - are included in a single nosological group. The general name for severe inflammatory processes is destructive (destructive) cholecystitis. The prognosis of phlegmonous cholecystitis is cautious, gangrenous - unfavorable. Phlegmonous cholecystitis almost always acts as a continuation of catarrhal and purulent cholecystitis, but in some cases it has an independent pathogenesis.

The main symptom complex (severe pain, nausea, bitterness in the mouth) is joined by:

Bloating is a sign of intestinal paresis or atony;

The symptomatology of purulent cholecystitis at the initial stage resembles the clinical picture of catarrhal inflammation in the complicated course of the phlegmonous form of the disease.

Attacks are typical for both primary cholecystitis and exacerbations of the chronic form of the disease. The harbingers of seizures are discomfort in the abdomen after ingestion of fatty, spicy food or alcohol.

Symptoms of an acute attack of cholecystitis:

Sharp cramping pain in the right hypochondrium, epigastrium or navel;

Nausea and vomiting, belching with gas, bitter taste in the mouth;

Subfebrile or febrile body temperature (37-38 0 C or 38-39 0 C).

How to remove an attack of cholecystitis?

To stop an attack of cholecystitis, you must:

Call an ambulance;

Go to bed and apply cold to the stomach;

Take an antispasmodic (papaverine, no-shpa) and an analgesic (analgin, baralgin);

To reduce nausea, drink mint tea or still mineral water at room temperature;

If vomiting is present, ensure collection of vomit for analysis.

Consequences of cholecystitis

The acute form of cholecystitis without adequate therapy becomes chronic with periods of exacerbation and remission. And chronic diseases are difficult to treat, since other organs are involved in the pathogenesis. The advanced form of cholecystitis is diagnosed in 15% of patients. It can result in biliary fistulas that communicate the intestines, kidneys and stomach with the gallbladder, obstructive jaundice, abscess, acute pancreatitis, and sometimes sepsis.

Consequences (prognosis) of calculous and non-calculous cholecystitis:

The prognosis of uncomplicated calculous cholecystitis is favorable. After intensive treatment, the clinical picture may not appear for a long time. Cases of complete cure are known. With complicated forms of calculous cholecystitis, the prognosis is more cautious;

The prognosis of non-calculous cholecystitis is doubtful. With such a disease, one should be wary of purulent and destructive forms of inflammation.

Treatment of acute cholecystitis and chronic disease in the acute stage is carried out in a surgical hospital. Treatment methods are selected individually according to indications.

Conservative treatment of cholecystitis:

Antibiotics, the choice depends on the effectiveness of the drug;

Antispasmodics to stabilize the function of the passage of bile into the small intestine;

Choleretic with hypotension of the gallbladder and normal patency of the bile duct;

Maintenance hepatoprotectors.

Surgical treatment of cholecystitis:

Cholecystectomy - complete removal of the gallbladder, is performed immediately with symptoms of diffuse peritonitis and acute bile obstruction, in other cases - in a planned manner.

Diet for cholecystitis

During the period of an acute attack, the patient is given only warm drink in small portions. The volume of liquid is up to one and a half liters per day.

After the removal of acute pains, cereals, jelly, steamed cutlets from lean meat or fish, an egg in the form of an omelet, white bread are included in the diet.

Diet for cholecystitis:

You need to take food in small portions (5-6 times a day) to maintain the rhythm of bile production;

The diet of patients with cholecystitis should include:

Products of animal origin with a minimum amount of fat, finely chopped and steamed;

Plant foods that do not contain coarse fiber, rich in vitamins and minerals.

With cholecystitis, the following foods are prohibited:

Canned, pickled, smoked, salted, fermented, fatty, astringent;

Indigestion and gas production (milk, legumes, carbonated drinks);

Changing the pH of the stomach environment (alcohol, sorrel, citrus fruits).

Education: Diploma in the specialty "General Medicine" received at the Russian State Medical University named after N.I. Pirogova (2005). Postgraduate studies in the specialty "Gastroenterology" - educational and scientific medical center.

Cholecystitis is characterized by pain or heaviness in the right hypochondrium after physical exertion, abundant food intake, intake of fatty or fried foods, after excitement, with hypothermia. The pain can be dull, aching, or intense. Pain with cholecystitis can be given to the right arm, right shoulder blade.

Patients are also worried about nausea, empty belching, bitterness in the mouth. An increase in body temperature is possible.

Stagnation of bile and damage to the walls of the gallbladder predispose to the development of acute and chronic cholecystitis.

Bile stagnation is promoted by:

• violation of the diet (long breaks between meals, dry food);
• sedentary lifestyle;
• pregnancy;
• metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis);
• obstacles to the outflow of bile (opisthorchis, for example).

Damage to the walls of the gallbladder can be caused by:

• bile with altered physical and chemical properties;
• stones;
• pancreatic enzymes flowing into the bile duct;
• gallbladder injuries.

Cholecystitis treatment

Bed rest is indicated only during an exacerbation, accompanied by abdominal pain and fever. Prolonged movement restrictions adversely affect the course of cholecystitis, as they contribute to the stagnation of bile.

During an attack of biliary colic, it is important to eliminate the pain syndrome as soon as possible. For this purpose, you can use no-shpu, spasmolitin.

During an attack of pain, moderate heat is applied to the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypochondrium in the form of non-hot heating pads, a warming compress.

An indication for the treatment of cholecystitis with antibiotics is an exacerbation of the inflammatory process in the biliary tract, accompanied by pain and fever. The course of antibiotic therapy is short-lived (7-10 days). Antibiotics for cholecystitis must be used in combination with bactisubtil and always with vitamins (C, group B, A).

They resort to broad-spectrum antibiotics - ampiox, amoxicillin, amoxiclav. If lamblia is found in bile, treatment with anti-lambliasis drugs is necessary.

Vitamin therapy (in the acute period vitamins A, C, B1, B2, PP, and in the future - courses of vitamins B6 and B12, B15, B5, E) should be an obligatory part of the therapy of patients with cholecystitis.

In the treatment of patients with cholecystitis, it is necessary to widely use choleretic drugs, since they, by reducing the stagnation of bile in the affected bladder, contribute to a more rapid elimination of inflammatory changes in it.

Most often, magnesium sulfate is combined in the form of a 5% or 10% solution in a teaspoonful, dessert or tablespoon 3 times a day with cholosas (1 teaspoon 3 times a day), cholagon (tablets 2-3 times a day) or with medicinal herbs.

Nutrition for cholecystitis

One of the main factors in the treatment of patients with cholecystitis is diet. Some increase in food intake is necessary (up to 4-6 times), as this will improve the outflow of bile.

It is desirable to enrich food with bran bread, cottage cheese, egg white, oatmeal, cod, yeast drinks.

Patients with cholecystitis poorly tolerate fat, fatty meats, poultry, fish. From animal fats, it is recommended to use only butter. Vegetable oils (corn, sunflower, olive) are very useful. The unsaturated fatty acids contained in them (arachidonic, linoleic, linolenic) stimulate bile secretion, improve the functional state of the liver. Vegetable oils should be added to vinaigrette, salads, sauerkraut or given in a tea, dessert, tablespoon 2-3 times a day before meals. Of the carbohydrates, only foods containing a lot of poorly digested fiber (cabbage, turnips, etc.) are limited. The amount of fluid is increased as it improves the flow of bile.

For patients with exacerbation of cholecystitis, only vegetarian soups are recommended. Exclude fried foods (especially breaded), very cold drinks and dishes (ice cream, products from the refrigerator), spices (vinegar, pepper, garlic, onions, roots, mustard, horseradish), mushrooms, all sausages, ham, smoked meats, canned food, butter dough, cakes with cream, any fried pies, pancakes, coffee and cocoa.

The patient is given dairy, vegetarian and fruit soups, from the second courses - boiled vegetables in any form, cereals, puddings, boiled fish and meat (with the exception of pork, lamb, game meat, brains, kidneys as rich in extractive substances). Drinks are allowed - weak tea, compote, fruit drink, jelly, juices (but not canned), milk, yogurt, kefir, "Snezhok", fermented baked milk, white and black bread (better than yesterday's), processed (but not snack foods) cheese - "Friendship" , "Yantar", "Sour Milk", mild cheeses. Products containing a lot of magnesium salts are useful: bread and bran confectionery (for example, “Health” bread), buckwheat and oatmeal; raw fruits, vegetables, berries. Radish is useful (but not radish). Dietary treatment should be carried out at home within 3 years after the last exacerbation with cholecystitis and 1.5 years - with biliary dyskinesia.

Alternative treatment

Alternative treatment of acute and chronic cholecystitis is the use of herbal decoctions.

The most widespread in cholecystitis was the collection according to N.G. Kovaleva:

• calendula officinalis (aerial part),
• garden dill (seeds) - 10 g, white birch (leaves) - 10 g,
• forest dryweed (grass) - 10 g,
• common juniper (fruit) - 10 g,
• chamomile (flowers) - 20 g,
• wild strawberries (berries) - 20 g,
• white rose (petals) - 20 g,
• field horsetail (shoots) - 30 g,
• corn silk - 30 g
• brown rosehip (crushed fruits) - 40 g.

5-6 g of the collection is brewed with 500 ml of boiling water, insisted and taken in 50-150 ml 3 times a day for 10-15 minutes. before meals. The taste of the infusion is bitter, the smell is pleasant.

In recent years, preparations containing essential oils (in particular, the German ones - rovachol and enatin) have found wide application in the treatment of patients suffering from diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract. As a choleretic, you can use black radish juice, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day before meals for 10-20 days.

The choleretic effect of polyhydric alcohols (sorbitol, mannitol and xylitol) has been convincingly proven. Sorbitol stimulates the production of endogenous cholecystokinin, increases the bacterial synthesis of vitamins B1 and B2, and enhances the absorption of vitamin B12. Sorbitol can be used as a 10-15% solution, 50-75 ml 3 times a day instead of magnesium sulfate. Xylitol is prescribed in a similar dose.

With chronic cholecystitis it is widely prescribed to drink mineral waters of low and medium mineralization with a predominance of hydrocarbonates, sulfates, chlorine, magnesium, sodium, calcium. Water of thermal (35-42 ° C) or hyperthermal (42-50 ° C) temperature is used.

Mineral waters stimulate the secretion of bile, excretion, decrease in viscosity and thinning it. Drink water in an amount of 3 ml per 1 kg of body weight in small sips. Essentuki No. 4, 17, 20, Smirnovskaya, Borzhom, Slavyanovskaya are more often used.

If cholecystitis is complicated by gastritis with high acidity, then mineral water is given 1-1.5 hours before meals, gastritis with normal or low acidity - 40 minutes. before meals. The course of treatment with mineral waters is 1-1.5 months. with a break between the next course of 3-6 months.

Can the gallbladder hurt and how does it manifest? We will give the answer to the question in the presented article. In addition, you will learn about the reasons for the inflammatory process in the gallbladder and how to treat such a pathological condition.

general information

Fortunately, not everyone knows how the gallbladder hurts. After all, such a deviation is characterized by rather unpleasant signs that can be eliminated only by drinking an anesthetic antispasmodic drug.

Before talking about why the gallbladder hurts, you should find out what this organ is.

As you know, the gallbladder enters the digestive system. It is located directly under the liver and connects with it by the bile ducts. This organ is small in size (about the size of a human thumb) and is shaped like a small hollow pear. The main role played by the gallbladder is the accumulation, as well as the excretion of a special fluid that is produced by the liver. It should be especially noted that it is essential for the absorption of fats and the movement of food through the intestines. Within 2 full days, about 2 liters of bile can be produced in the liver of an adult.

How does the gallbladder hurt? Deviation symptoms (general)

The main symptom of a disease of such a digestive organ is the palpation of its enlarged size. In addition, people who have such a deviation very often complain of constant and rather severe pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypochondrium. By the way, such unpleasant sensations often spread to the back, lower back, right shoulder blade and shoulder.

It should also be noted that where the gallbladder hurts, a person may experience a particular tension in the muscle tissues (in the upper abdomen).

At an early stage of the development of this deviation, unpleasant sensations are usually paroxysmal in nature. With coughing, increased and deep breathing, as well as a change in the position of the body, they can increase significantly.

Now you know how the gallbladder hurts. Symptoms of such a deviation can be either long-term or last only for several hours. In addition, patients very often have nausea followed by vomiting, which does not bring any relief. If the patient has disrupted the work of the mentioned organ, then his body temperature may rise, dry mouth may appear, and also the heartbeat will noticeably increase.

If the gallbladder hurts (the symptoms were presented above), then you should immediately consult a doctor. The latter is obliged to conduct an examination and prescribe a treatment that will alleviate the patient's condition and eliminate the inflammatory process.

Why does the gallbladder hurt?

There are many reasons why this organ hurts a lot. The main ones are the following:

• inflammatory processes (the so-called cholecystitis);
• metabolic diseases (gallstone disease);
• functional causes without inflammatory processes, but with impaired motility of the digestive organ (i.e. dyskinesia).

Let's consider all the presented deviations in more detail.

Chronic and acute cholecystitis

This disease is characterized by inflammation of the gallbladder (chronic or acute), which is accompanied by impaired biliary functions. How does the gallbladder hurt in this case? The presented deviation is characterized by the following symptoms: aching pain and discomfort in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypochondrium. As a rule, such discomfort lasts a long time and brings a lot of inconvenience to the patient. Most often, pain increases after eating fatty and fried foods, as well as eggs, spicy snacks, carbonated and alcoholic beverages. Such a meal causes nausea in the patient, belching of bitterness or air, a bitter taste and dry mouth.

Cholelithiasis

If a patient has an metabolic disease, how does the gallbladder hurt? Symptoms of such a deviation can spread to the entire abdominal cavity, and then concentrate in the right hypochondrium. As a rule, the patient at the same time feels a strong feeling of nausea, which leads to vomiting. Moreover, with gallstone disease, patients often experience constipation.

As you know, such a deviation is characterized by the formation of stones. Most often this happens as a result of metabolic disorders. Currently, several groups of stones are distinguished, which differ in chemical composition: pigmented, pure cholesterol, pure calcareous and mixed (that is, lime-cholesterol-pigment). To diagnose this disease, it is necessary to undergo an ultrasound examination of the organ presented.

Biliary dyskinesia

“My gallbladder hurts. What to do?" - this question is often asked by gastroenterologists. After all, it is not only impossible to endure the symptoms that accompany this deviation, but it is also dangerous to health.

Dyskinesia of the biliary tract is a disease of the digestive organ, which is characterized by a violation of its motor activity. As a result of this deviation, the process of flow of bile into the 12-type intestine may be disrupted. In medical practice, there are two main types of the presented pathology:

• hypotonic, that is, the motor activity of the organ is significantly reduced;
• hypertensive, that is, increased motor activity.

To identify such a deviation, you should definitely contact a therapist and tell him about how the gallbladder hurts. The symptoms of this disease can manifest as follows:

How is gallbladder disease treated?

An experienced gastroenterologist is the one who will help you if your gallbladder is very sore. Treatment of this organ is prescribed only after a personal examination of the patient by a doctor. By the way, for a more accurate diagnosis, the doctor may recommend that the patient undergo an ultrasound examination. Using this method, you can easily identify the presence or, conversely, the absence of stones in the gallbladder, its inflammation, an increase in size, etc.

After the diagnosis is made, the doctor must prescribe an effective treatment that will not only relieve the patient of unpleasant symptoms, but also eliminate the inflammatory process that develops in this organ.

It should be especially noted that the therapy of cholecystitis (acute or chronic) is carried out only under the supervision of a gastroenterologist. The first thing that a specialist prescribes is a strict diet. The patient is prohibited from eating fatty and fried foods, as well as fresh bakery and confectionery products, including chocolates, cakes, etc. In addition, the patient is not recommended to drink alcoholic and carbonated drinks. Also, the patient should exclude spicy and spicy foods from his diet, including fresh garlic, onions and peppers.

For special indications, which the attending physician is obliged to consider in each individual case, the patient can be prescribed various agents and enzymes that normalize the motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

After the period of exacerbation subsides, you should go to physiotherapy and treatment with mineral waters.

Surgical intervention

If, as a result of therapeutic treatment, it was not possible to alleviate the patient's condition, then doctors resort to surgical intervention. By the way, the operation to remove the gallbladder is also carried out if there is calculous cholecystitis (with the formation of stones). Excision of this organ can be carried out in the classical way using abdominal intervention or in a less traumatic way (laparoscopy).

It is important to know

With untimely and inappropriate treatment of diseases of the gallbladder, the patient may develop rather severe complications in the form of a violation of the process of outflow of bile, infectious infection of the internal contents, purulent inflammation of the walls of the organ, biliary fistulas and subhepatic abscesses.

If the gallbladder suddenly starts to hurt and you are unable to visit the hospital, it is recommended to stop eating any food and take an anesthetic medication. Tea based on medicinal plants such as flowers of calendula, chamomile, corn stigmas, sandy immortelle, tansy, peppermint leaves, dandelion roots, as well as herbs of bitter wormwood, great celandine and the fruits of ordinary fennel will help ease the condition.

If unpleasant sensations have arisen at night, then to alleviate the condition, you can lie on the left side of the body and apply light blows to the right side. This method will release some of the bile from the bladder, which will partially help eliminate pain.

Cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder. The disease occurs in every 10th person. In women, cholecystitis is registered 3 times more often than in men. The onset of the disease is influenced by age and weight. Older people with a large body weight are at risk of occurrence.

The gallbladder is located on the right side of the liver. It is a pear-shaped bag, the main function is to deposit bile. Bile is a viscous yellowish-brown liquid, the constituent components are involved in digestion. A healthy person can produce up to 2000 ml of bile per day. The bile contains:

• bile acids;
• immunoglobulins type A and M;
• cholesterol;
• metals;
• organic anions;
• bilirubin;
• phospholipids, etc.

Bile plays an important role in digestion, promotes the absorption of nutrients, fats, removes hazardous substances from the body, for example, drugs.

The causes of cholecystitis

Factors affecting gallbladder inflammation:

• Bacterial infections. The organ is affected by pathogenic bacteria that have penetrated inside. They enter bile through infected foci of diseases;
• Eating disorders and poisoning;
• Hypodynamia;
• Congenital malformation of the bladder;
• Bruises of the abdomen in the place of the right hypochondrium;
• Inflammatory processes of the liver or small intestine;
• Hereditary tendency;
• Pregnancy, changes in the size of the abdominal organs and other echoes;
• Dyskinesia of the biliary tract;
• Helminthic invasion;
• Excessive alcohol consumption;
• Overweight;
• Eating spicy, fatty foods, the consequence is an eating disorder;
• Formation of stones in the bladder cavity.

Stones are the main factor affecting the course of the disease. They spoil the integrity of the bladder surface, disrupt the activity of the bile ducts, and microorganisms penetrate. This provokes an inflammatory process. The occurrence of stones in bile is called cholelithiasis (cholelithiasis).

The classification of chronic inflammation of the gallbladder is divided into:

• Calculus (with stones);
• Stoneless (non-calculus).

Disease symptoms

The disease may not appear for years, the patient's well-being is satisfactory. Signs of cholecystitis in the initial phase are vague, poorly expressed: the patient periodically feels nausea, pains (localization mainly in the right side of the body), stomach cramps after a hearty meal. During the exacerbation of the disease, common symptoms are distinguished:

• Fever, fever;
• Characteristic pain in the right upper abdomen;
• Pain in the stomach of a persistent nature;
• The patient suffers from heartburn;
• Feels a feeling of nausea, vomiting occurs;
• Feels a bitter taste in the mouth;
• Skin surface irritation and itching (rare symptom)
• Digestive problems, constipation;
• Rapid heartbeat and breathing;
• The disease manifests itself on a nervous basis;
• Weight loss.

Types of cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is divided into two types: acute and chronic.

Chronic cholecystitis

An important factor indicating the development of acute cholecystitis is severe stress on the stomach associated with spicy, fatty foods, and the abuse of alcoholic beverages.

Signs of acute cholecystitis:

• Acute paroxysmal pain in the abdomen, in the lower back;
• Increased fatigue, malaise, weakness of the body;
• Heat;
• An intense taste of bitterness is felt in the mouth;
• There is a burning sensation in the stomach;
• Frequent nausea, accompanied by vomiting of bile;
• Change in the appearance of the skin to a yellowish tone;
• Destabilization of the outflow of bile from the bladder;
• Painful discomfort on the right side of the body;
• There is an inflammation of the membrane of the bile vessels.

The duration of acute cholecystitis is determined by the stage of the disease, from 1.5 weeks to a month. If there are no stones, there is no purulent process, the patient recovers quickly.

In adults, chronic cholecystitis is formed for a long time. The diagnosis is made if the inflammatory process of bile lasts more than six months. The disease is relapsing. Early symptoms are difficult to recognize in time. In this case, the shape of the bladder is deformed, the physicochemical parameters of bile change. During the period of exacerbation, the symptoms appear clearly. In the course of competent treatment, the exacerbation is weakened. In case of a good result of therapy, the disease goes into remission. The patient does not feel discomfort, the symptoms of the disease disappear.

A distinctive feature is the aching pain that lasts for several weeks, can be given to the right side of the body. Acute pain occurs when eating fatty, spicy foods, alcoholic beverages, and indigestion in the stomach occurs. In women, the exacerbation of the disease can be affected by PMS (premenstrual syndrome).

Signs of chronic cholecystitis:

• Metabolic disorders, poor appetite;
• Vomiting reflexes, feeling of nausea are possible;
• Dull stitching pain in the ribs, in the back;
• The right side of the abdomen may hurt;
• Fever, high temperature;
• Possible pale yellow skin change;
• Constipation tendency.

Medical examination

The doctor will be able to establish a diagnosis of cholecystitis (code for MKB-10 K81) by taking anamnesis and a medical examination. Informative methods for the diagnosis of acute and chronic cholecystitis:

If the disease is not treated, the symptoms worsen, they can turn into cholecystopancreatitis or hepatocholecystitis.

The disease is easier to prevent than to cure, and early research will help detect signs, abnormalities in the chemical composition of bile. Following a strict diet, the remission of the disease is prolonged, and serious complications in the future are not allowed.

Treatment methods

Treatment options for cholecystitis depend on the stage of the disease. The initial stage of the disease without consequences and complications is treated on an outpatient basis (at home). Inpatient treatment is required if there is an exacerbation of the disease. The patient is hospitalized, an operation called cholecystectomy is performed, and the gallbladder is removed. The surgery is not life threatening.

The disease is treated with dietary nutrition, adherence to the labor regimen, medicines, herbs, physiotherapy.

Phytotherapy for gallbladder inflammation

The drug should be prescribed after examination and diagnosis by a gastroenterologist. A prerequisite for recovery is compliance with the dosage of drugs and the doctor's prescriptions. Modern medicine allows you to treat the disease with highly effective means. Remember, there is no absolutely harmless medication (with the exception of homeopathic medicines). Since the cause of the appearance and the course of the disease are individual, each patient with the same diagnoses is assigned a different treatment. Only the attending physician is competent to choose the best medicines for you. Study the contraindications for medications carefully.

Cholecystitis is treated with medication. Different types of medications are prescribed to recover and relieve symptoms:

• Pain relievers are prescribed by the attending physician if there is no surgery intervention.
• Antibiotics Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Ursofalk, Furazolidone.
• Antispasmodics. As an antispasmodic agent, No-Shpa, Drotaverin are used.
• Choleretic drugs. Henofalk, Allohol, Decholin, Holenzim, Liobil.
• Injections. Injection preparations: Ceftriaxone, Metronidazole.
• Medication that helps to normalize the contractions of the gastrointestinal tract.
• For heartburn in the stage of chronic cholecystitis, antacids are used: Almagel, Gelusil, Maalox, Magalfil, Talcid, Fosfalugel.

The course of these drugs should be no more than 2 weeks. To give injections and take pills for cholecystitis, it is important to follow the doctor's recommendations.

Health food

Improper nutrition is a leading factor in the exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis. Diet is the best prevention. It is impossible to cure the disease without following a diet! An adult can feel healthy, but eating a small piece of smoked meat will exacerbate chronic cholecystitis. Therefore, it is important to maintain proper nutrition, even during remission.

The meal plan is as follows. Nutrition with an exacerbation of the disease should be sparing. The first two days, drink only liquid. It is allowed to drink non-carbonated mineral water, a decoction of medicinal herbs, weakly brewed tea. As the cramps and colic subside, switch to low-fat soups, cereals, and jelly. It is necessary to eat food in small portions, without creating additional loads on the digestive tract. Next, we follow the recommended dietary food. The diet may include: steamed lean meat, crackers, cottage cheese.

Prohibited foods for cholecystitis: alcoholic beverages, flour products in large quantities, fatty foods, garlic, legumes, spicy and spicy foods, smoked meats, fatty fish, lard.

Allowed foods: dietary poultry meat, low-fat steamed food, cereals, vegetables, cottage cheese (homemade), scrambled eggs, cheese, dairy products, crackers, rabbit meat, prunes.

Prevention of cholecystitis

Rules for eliminating the causes of inflammation of the gallbladder:

• Eat healthy food, follow the food intake regimen.
• Control your weight, avoid overeating.
• Get tested for helminths and get rid of them.
• Treat foci of infection in a timely manner.
• See a gastroenterologist (every six months).
• Under the supervision of a physician, periodically take medicinal mineral waters, choleretic agents.

Follow the rules and stay healthy!

Many people who have crossed the 30-year mark face pain in the right hypochondrium. At the same time, similar symptoms often occur after feasts at which fried, fatty food is served, alcohol is consumed. Feeling such a discomfort, you can suspect cholecystitis. However, pathology is often diagnosed by chance, during the examination. It is noticed that the symptoms of cholecystitis in women are most often observed. Many factors contribute to this.

Characteristics of the disease

What is this disease? This is an inflammatory process that occurs in the gallbladder. This organ is localized in the right hypochondrium. That is why, when the fair sex has pain in this area, one can suspect that these are symptoms of cholecystitis in women.

The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver. Such a secret is excreted through special ducts into the duodenum and takes part in the digestion of food. If the sphincters and the parasympathetic nervous system function normally, then bile moves in only one direction.

But if, as a result of certain violations, asynchronous work of the sphincters occurs, then the secret does not come out in full from the bladder, provoking pain and pressure in it. In this case, the throwing of contents from the intestine back into the ducts is often observed. Often, it is in it that the infection is contained, which freely penetrates the bile duct, leading to its inflammation.

The mechanism of development of pathology is clear. Now let's consider why symptoms of cholecystitis occur in women, what are the sources of the development of pathology?

Causes of the disease

So, the main factor in the development of the disease is the penetration of the infection into the bladder.

Additional factors play an important role in the development of pathology:

1. Dyskinesia of the bile ducts. With this ailment, there is stagnation of bile, its outflow is disturbed.
2. Reflux pancreatic. This is a pathology in which the contents of the intestine are again thrown into the ducts. As a result, the walls of the bladder are damaged by enzymes and pancreatic juice.
3. Congenital anomalies. We are talking about the individual structure of the bubble. Various partitions, bends of this organ can lead to pathology.
4. Impaired blood supply to the bladder. Such a clinic can provoke ailments: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis. The course of these diseases is characterized by a narrowing of the vascular lumen.
5. Dyscholia. An ailment in which the composition of bile is disrupted and the walls of the bladder are damaged. An unpleasant clinic is most often caused by an unhealthy diet (excessive addiction to fats or a monotonous diet).
6. Allergy, immunological reactions.
7. Endocrine disorders. Often, symptoms of cholecystitis occur in a woman taking oral contraceptives. In addition, menstrual irregularities, overweight and pregnancy can be the causes of the disease.
8. Hereditary factor.

Varieties of the disease

Pathology, depending on the course, can be:

1. Sharp. The disease develops over several days or hours. It is characterized by pronounced symptoms. Such a pathology, in the case of timely access to medical care, proceeds quite favorably.
2. Chronic. If the acute form of the disease was not given due attention or the ailment was treated incorrectly, then the patient develops precisely this stage. The disease may be asymptomatic. It develops, as a rule, gradually. Chronic cholecystitis (symptoms and treatment) deserves special attention. Diet plays one of the most important roles in the fight against pathology.

Chronic cholecystitis is subdivided into:

• sluggish (latent);
• recurrent;
• purulent ulcerative.

By the presence of calculi, 2 forms are distinguished:

• stoneless (without cholelithiasis);
• calculous.

For a chronic ailment, stages are characteristic:

• remission;
• exacerbation.

So, let's consider the features of such a pathology as chronic cholecystitis. Symptoms and treatment, diet and prevention of the disease are presented below.

Clinical manifestations of the disease

An acute attack of cholecystitis is very clearly manifested. Symptoms typical for this form:

• sharp pain, greatly aggravated after eating;
• vomiting;
• diarrhea may occur;
• metallic or bitter taste in the mouth;
• hyperthermia.

However, in the acute form of the disease, only inflammation of the bladder mucosa is found. A slightly different picture is observed if the patient is diagnosed with chronic cholecystitis. Symptoms of the disease in this form are less pronounced. However, atrophic and sclerotic changes are revealed on the walls of the bile. The chemical and physical parameters of bile also change.

The following symptoms of cholecystitis in women are observed (photos demonstrate such an unpleasant condition):

• the presence of constant pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypochondrium;
• discomfort increases significantly after eating fatty foods;
• bitterness and dryness in the mouth in the morning;
• periodic occurrence of nausea;
• bloating;
• loose loose stools.

The pain syndrome in chronic pathology is not as pronounced as in the acute form. It is often characterized as a nagging, dull discomfort. Some patients experience constant, exhausting pain. Other patients are faced with acute manifestations of the disease, which occur, as a rule, after the abundant use of the wrong food. In this case, biliary colic may even appear.

Symptoms of an exacerbation of the disease

With a chronic course of pathology, the patient periodically has an attack of cholecystitis. Symptoms at this stage are very similar to the acute form of the disease. This condition is characterized by general signs and local manifestations, signaling inflammation of the bladder.

The following symptoms indicate an exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis:

• pronounced general malaise;
• hyperthermia;
• frequent constipation;
• headache;
• itchy skin may occur.

Along with such a clinic, local symptoms appear. They also characterize the exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis.

The symptoms are as follows:

1. Pain. It can be moderate or rather harsh. Discomfort is localized in the upper abdomen, usually in the right hypochondrium.
2. Bad taste in the mouth. The patient may experience bitterness or complain of a metallic taste. He has belching with air, nausea. The person is tormented by flatulence. Often there is a disturbed bowel movement, as a rule, diarrhea and constipation alternate.
3. Feeling of heaviness in the right hypochondrium.
4. The onset of insomnia, excessive irritability.

The intensity of the pain syndrome depends on the presence of stones in the bladder. With calculous cholecystitis, the discomfort is sharp, intense. For a stoneless pathology, aching, dull pain is characteristic, which overly tires the patient. Discomfort is able to manifest itself not only in the right hypochondrium. Very often he gives to the right hand, the shoulder blade.

Chronic pathology is paroxysmal. During an exacerbation, the symptoms are pronounced. After an attack, all signs of the disease subside. The stage of remission comes. At this time, the patient believes that he has recovered from the disease and the unpleasant symptoms will not return. However, a thoughtless violation of the diet, excessive stress, hypothermia, alcohol consumption can again lead to an attack.

Complications of the disease

The signs of cholecystitis should not be ignored. Symptoms that give the patient discomfort are a signal from the body about the need for adequate treatment.

Prolonged inactivity can lead to the development of rather unpleasant complications:

• cholangitis;
• fistula formation in the stomach, hepatic flexure, duodenum;
• reactive hepatitis;
• "Shutting off" the bladder (the gallbladder no longer fulfills its functions in sufficient volume);
• pericholedocheal lymphadenitis (inflammation develops in the bile ducts);
• empyema of the bladder (purulent inflammation);
• intestinal obstruction;
• gangrene of the gallbladder with the appearance of peritonitis;
• perforation (rupture of the bladder).

Diagnosis of the disease

It is very important, if there are symptoms of chronic cholecystitis in women, see a doctor.

To make a diagnosis, the following activities are carried out:

• collection of anamnesis;
• examination of the patient;
• laboratory examinations;
• instrumental research.

Initially, the doctor will ask in detail about what manifestations the patient is facing, how long ago they arose, as a result of which they appear. The doctor will examine the presence of the patient's diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal tract pathologies, hepatitis. He will clarify whether any of the relatives had similar pathologies.

During the examination, attention is paid to symptoms indicating the presence of the disease:

1. A sign of muscle protection. The patient's abdomen tightens to protect the sore stomach.
2. During palpation, pain intensifies in the right hypochondrium.
3. Tapping the right costal arch is accompanied by discomfort.

The patient is prescribed laboratory methods:

1. Blood test.
2. Research for the presence of hepatitis viruses in the body.
3. Blood biochemistry. This analysis is informative only after suffering an attack of colic.
4. Study of fat lipid metabolism.
5. Coprogram.

1. Ultrasound of the peritoneum.
2. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The analysis allows you to study the state of the esophagus, duodenum, stomach. During the study, a biopsy is taken.
3. Plain radiography of the peritoneum. Allows you to identify the presence of stones in the bladder, but only those that contain calcium.
4. CT. The analysis allows a more detailed assessment of the state of the internal organs. With the help of this study, difficult to diagnose tumors that compress the bile ducts are detected.
5. Cholecystoangiography. This is an X-ray diagnosis, in which several images are taken under the control of an ultrasound machine. This analysis is performed using a radiopaque substance that fills the ducts.
6. Retrograde cholangiopancreatography. With the help of a special device - a duodenofibroscope, which is introduced to the patient through the mouth into the duodenum, the doctor launches a radiopaque substance into the biliary tract. This allows you to detect stones or a narrowing of the duct. When such an obstacle is identified, the doctor performs an endoscopic operation to remove the obstacle.
7. MRI. A study that determines changes in the walls of the bladder and adjacent organs invisible to X-ray and ultrasound.
8. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Examination of the biliary tract and liver, characterizing the functioning of organs and the motor activity of the ducts.

Treatment of an ailment in the acute stage

The methods of therapy completely depend on the symptoms of cholecystitis in women. Treatment of chronic pathology in the stage of remission is significantly different from the fight against the disease during an exacerbation.

If the patient has an attack, then therapy is aimed at eliminating the symptoms and stopping the pathogenetic reactions of the disease. In the remission stage, treatment involves the prevention of relapse.

Drug therapy for chronic cholecystitis during an exacerbation is based on the following pharmaceutical preparations:

1. Antibiotics: "Erythromycin", "Doxycycline", "Ciprofloxacin", "Biseptol", "Furozolidone", "Metranidazole", "Oxacillin".
2. Antispasmodics: "Papaverine", "Pitofenon", "Drotaverin", "Platifillin".
3. Choleretic drugs: Sorbitol, Nikodin, Allohol, Tsikvalon.
4. NSAIDs: "Baralgin", "Spazgan".
5. Propulsants (drugs that stimulate peristalsis), such as Domperidone.
6. Antiemetics: "Cerucal", "Diprazin".
7. Polyenzyme medicines: "Festal", "Pancreatin".
8. Sedatives: tincture of valerian, motherwort.

In the fight against chronic cholecystitis, such an event as tubeless tubing is very popular. Its essence is to flush the ducts with subsequent stimulation of the bile secretion process.

Cholecystitis therapy

During remission, treatment consists of:

• from diet therapy;
• the use of choleretic medicines: "Holenzim", "Liobil", "Allohol", "Flamin", "Holosas", "Holagol", "Olimetin", "Rosanol";
• physiotherapy (procedures are effective: balneotherapy, inductothermy, electrophoresis with Novocaine).

When calculous pathology is detected, the patient is assigned a planned cholecystectomy. This is a surgical procedure that removes the bladder.

Diet food

Regardless of the form of the course, this is an important link in successful treatment. Therefore, all patients are recommended (it allows you to eliminate such painful symptoms characteristic of an ailment called cholecystitis) a diet.

With this disease, table number 5 is assigned. Special attention should be paid to exacerbation of cholecystitis.

Symptoms that exhaust the patient require not only drug treatment, but also dietary adjustments:

1. During an attack, it is necessary to create conditions that are as gentle as possible for the digestive tract. For this, during the first two days, doctors only allow the patient to drink liquid. For these purposes, non-carbonated mineral water, non-acidic berry and fruit juices, diluted in half with boiled water, are suitable. Rosehip decoction is useful for a sick person.
2. As the pain discomfort subsides, the patient is allowed to switch to the use of pureed food. A person is recommended to use slimy cereals, soups (rice, oatmeal, semolina), berry, fruit (necessarily sweet) mousses, jelly, jelly. However, food should be eaten in small quantities so as not to provoke an overload of the digestive system. The diet is very important. Food should only be taken at specific times.
3. Then the patient's diet includes low-fat cottage cheese, boiled fish, steamed meat. White bread croutons are recommended.
4. After 5-10 days after the attack, the patient is carefully transferred to the dietary table No. 5a.

Patients should be clearly aware that cholecystitis is a very serious illness. Observance of proper nutrition allows you to get rid of it much faster. The diet is aimed at reducing acidity and bile secretion.

Experts, prescribing proper nutrition to patients, recommend the following:

1. Refuse fried, excessively fatty foods.
2. Build your diet on baked, boiled, stewed foods.
3. Do not eat too hot or cold food.
4. Reduce the use of sweet and flour products.
5. Eat often, but in small portions.
6. Strictly observe the diet - eat food at the same time.
7. Give preference to plant and dairy foods. Fiber perfectly normalizes bowel movements and stimulates motor skills. Milk helps to restore the acid-base balance in the body.
8. Strong tea, coffee is not recommended.
9. Eggs should be eaten no more than 2-3 times a week. It is better to exclude the yolk altogether.

In addition, patients need to consume plenty of fluids. Foods that are high in fat and cholesterol should be completely eliminated from your diet.