Stroke eye treatment. Occlusive retinal pathology or eye stroke, what is it? Central artery occlusion

In older people, hemorrhages in the eyes occur most often due to the natural weakening of blood vessels, slowing of blood circulation and metabolic processes. But, unfortunately, young, quite healthy and active people are also subject to this phenomenon. Provoking factors are:

• long and regular eye strain;
• stress and nervous overload at work or in the family;
• diseases that lead to circulatory disorders;
• conditions in which blood coagulation changes;
• diabetes;
• allergies and infectious diseases;
• eye injuries, glaucoma;
• pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, for example, ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis;
• malnutrition, alcohol and cigarette abuse;
• prolonged use of hormonal drugs.

Causes and Risk Factors

All of the above factors provoke the formation of emboli or blood clots (blood clots interspersed with bacteria, calcium crystals, cholesterol). At one point, these structures break away from the arterial walls and together with blood enter the vasculature of the eye (disrupting the flow of blood to the retina and blocking the blood supply to the organ of vision).

If the embolus or thrombus dissolves on its own, vision is restored (fully or partially), and other unpleasant symptoms of the pathology gradually disappear.

Basically, thrombi (emboli), which are dangerous for the organ of vision, are formed in the carotid or coronary arteries. Under favorable conditions (CCC pathologies, infections, allergic reactions, eye injuries, bleeding disorders), the formations break away from the arterial walls and clog the central vessel of the visual organ.

The picture of the right eye was superimposed on the picture of the left without combining. Everything doubled and tripled. This exacerbated dizziness. I could not touch the subject in front of me. I didn’t get it. I could not determine at what distance from me he was.

In order to fully see there is binocular vision. The picture taken with the right eye is supplemented by the picture that the left eye sees. Both images are processed and combined in the brain, give a person a three-dimensional image. So we evaluate the shape of objects, the distance to them, and their actual position in space.

It was this ability that I lost. With this vision, it is impossible to move in space. In order not to demolish everything in my way, I closed one eye and then moved around. There is no silver lining. At that time, I moved little and sooo slowly. Therefore, there were not many collisions.

Clinical picture

The first "danger signals" indicating a possible development of the disease may include the following symptoms:

One of the main signs that a patient has an eye stroke is the simultaneous visual impairment (sharp) and the appearance of white spots in front of the eyes. A visual examination of the visual organ reveals local redness, minor hemorrhages, and the patient’s blood pressure may jump.

Due to the fact that ocular stroke is caused by excessive expansion (narrowing) of blood vessels, this leads to "cutting off" the optic nerve from the access of oxygen.

Such a situation will certainly entail a partial or complete violation of the main function of the eye - the vision either weakens greatly, or the patient becomes completely blind.

The course of the disease is not accompanied by pain, but if untimely diagnosis can lead to blindness.

Types of the disease and its manifestations

Blockage of the arterial vessel in combination with retinal detachment is the most dangerous and most severe type, often occurs without pain. Patients notice a loss of peripheral fields of vision, sometimes a central vision loss partially occurs. Sometimes accompanied by narrowing of the carotid artery.

Restorative treatment partially helps, but there may be changes in the form of white spots and narrowing of the visual fields. Pain symptoms are intermittent.

The main signs of occlusion are a decrease in visual acuity and its distortion. But there are other manifestations of pathology that should worry a person and become the reason for an immediate visit to an oculist. Ignoring them is imprudent and dangerous. These include:

• organs of vision periodically hurt;
• from time to time double vision appears, bright flies, flashes and lightning;
• narrowing of the central and peripheral field of view;
• violation of color perception.

With a severe degree of the disease, spot hemorrhages, hemorrhages, are noticeable on the whites of the eyes. The vascular network is dark red in color, clearly expressed, with extensive hemorrhages and weakened vessels, the whole protein can redden. Sometimes there is an increase in intraocular and intracranial pressure.

The classification of pathology is carried out depending on which of the vessels was damaged and how much the retina suffered. The most dangerous form of the disease is a combination of a thrombus in the central artery with retinal detachment. The symptomatology of the pathology is severe. Pain, as a rule, is absent. But at the same time, the following symptoms are noted:

• loss of peripheral vision;
• partial loss of central;
• narrowing of the carotid artery, which is most dangerous.

Complete restoration of vision after a stroke of this type of eye is not possible today, white spots and narrowing of the fields of vision will still bother you for the rest of your life.

Symptoms of a visual disturbance in a stroke

Patients after a stroke may not open their eyes due to damage to the oculomotor nerve. As a result of ischemia or hemorrhage, its structure is disturbed in the area located between two large cerebral arteries at the level of the upper mounds of the midbrain. Pathological disorders lead to such visual disturbances:

• double vision
• nystagmus (trembling of the eyeballs);
• exophthalmos (effervescence);
• deterioration in visual acuity.

Treatment methods

The prognosis of the disease and the success of treatment depend primarily on the timeliness of medical care for the patient. The role is also played by the degree of spread of the lesion, the type of stroke of the eye, the reason why it occurred. Therefore, treatment begins with the diagnosis of the underlying disease, then the affected vessel is detected and the type of occlusion is established.

For this, a visual study of the eyeball and fundus examination is performed. If required, an additional electronic scanning of blood vessels is carried out, the patient is sent for a consultation with a neurologist.

In modern medicine, the laser coagulation method is mainly used. A thrombus in the eye is broken by a laser beam and then removed. In this case, the integrity of the veins and arteries is not disturbed, blood supply and vision are restored. Also, with the help of such an operation, it is possible to fix the retina during its detachment and remove degenerative changes in the fundus.

In some cases, it is advisable to carry out hyperbaric oxygenation. The patient is placed in a special pressure chamber, after which oxygen is exposed at high pressure.

The non-surgical method, only with the use of medications, cannot cure a stroke in the organ of vision. But medications are necessary in the postoperative period.

The following groups of drugs are used:

• Antispasmodics.
• Blood thinners and blood clots.
• Blood circulation stimulating drugs.
• Angioprotectors - medicines that strengthen and protect vessels from damage.
• With an increase in blood pressure - hypertensive drugs.
• Antibacterial drugs in case of infection.
• Medicines for the treatment of concomitant chronic diseases.

After a stroke of the eye, only an integrated approach, including the use of eye drops and vitamins, as well as special gymnastics, will help restore and maintain vision.

The scheme of drug therapy is only a doctor. It determines the combination of necessary drugs and their dosage. Self-medication in this case will not give a positive result and only worsen the patient's condition. The sooner treatment is started, the better the prognosis. It is important to restore normal blood supply to the organs of vision in the first hours after occlusion.

If the therapy is carried out on time and correctly, you can completely restore vision. Perhaps there will be small defects in the form of flies and specks, but the quality of life will not be impaired. If the symptoms are ignored, treatment will not start, or it will be carried out incorrectly, degenerative changes in the retina will progress, which will ultimately lead to loss of vision.

Therapy Features

Treatment will largely depend on the type of hemorrhage, the nature and prevalence of the lesion, the reasons that led to this outcome, as well as how timely medical care was provided.

Treatment for eye stroke is mainly laser. It is produced by laser coagulation to destroy and remove the resulting blood clot. As a result, blood circulation in the damaged area and blood supply to the eye are normalized. Also used to “strengthen” the retina in case of detachment. It is used for correction during degenerative changes in the fundus.

In rare cases, hyperbaric oxygenation is performed: the patient is placed in an airtight pressure chamber. Applied oxygen therapy under pressure.

Drugs are used under medical supervision and in a hospital setting. In this case, medications are used:

• Preventing the formation of blood clots.
• Antispasmodics.
• Blood circulation enhancers.
• Angioprotectors.
• Antibiotics (in some cases, when an infection is attached or to prevent its development).
• Drugs that lower blood pressure (in case of increased blood pressure).
• Drugs used to treat concomitant diseases that may aggravate the course of the disease.

Important! When choosing drugs, it is not recommended to self-medicate, as this can harm your health and not give the desired effect. If pathological signs appear, consult a specialist. Do not forget: the sooner treatment is started, the better its result.

With early detection of pathology, a rather high percentage of vision recovery is observed in patients, however, some defects may remain in the form of flies before the eyes, white spots.

In some cases, if untreated or with inadequate therapy, such a condition can lead to retinal degeneration, which threatens vision loss.

The treatment of an eye stroke depends on the causes that led to hemorrhage in the organ of vision. If you find the first symptoms that indicate a problem, you should seek the help of an ophthalmologist or neurologist.

The specialist will prescribe an electronic scan of the vessels and, based on the results of the diagnosis, determine how to treat the disease.

The treatment and possible consequences of a stroke of the eye are caused by:

• degree of damage;
• the duration of the ailment;
• whether timely first aid was provided to the patient.

Under the condition of early diagnosis of stroke, patients are able to restore vision. Some problems may remain: the outlines of objects are fuzzy or distorted; in some patients, white spots flicker in front of the eyes from time to time.

It is impossible to ignore the dangerous symptoms of a stroke - if specialists fail to restore the correct outflow of blood in the first few hours after occlusion, the consequences for the patient can be tragic.

To eliminate the consequences of pathology (correction of visual acuity), laser treatment is used.

The use of this technology, combined with the successful and timely relief of transient ischemic attack, allows patients to fully restore visual function.

So, an eye stroke is a serious pathology that develops as a result of blockage of the veins (arteries) that feed the organs of vision. In case of untimely diagnosis and lack of proper therapy, the disease can lead to complete blindness.

Conclusion and forecasts

An eye stroke is a collective concept that includes a set of pathologies associated with a gross violation of the trophism of the visual analyzer.

People who are at risk for the pathologies under consideration need to visit an ophthalmologist at least once a year. If detachment is already diagnosed, laser coagulation should be carried out in an urgent manner, since only they can prevent complications - and even such a complex intervention is not a guarantee of a positive result.

In the event that the problem occurs in the pregnant woman, then this is an indication for performing a cesarean section.

Prevention of occlusion of the central retinal artery is inextricably linked to the need for competent and timely treatment of concomitant nosology, with the exception of any trigger factors. In addition to dispensary observation, all those who are at risk are shown taking medications that optimize trophism of the eyeball and retina.

The treatment of retinal detachment in people with a “poor” heredity and an unfavorable history of life is much less successful - there are closed statistics that clearly indicate that for people with high myopia, even at the initial stages, retinal detachment leads not only to decreased vision, but his complete loss.

So do not "joke" with a stroke of the eye. Due to the fact that a person banally at the wrong time will seek qualified medical help, he risks life remaining a deeply disabled person and only the folk method will not help here. It requires full qualified medical care.

The eyes are an organ of vision with a very intense blood supply. If one of the arteries becomes clogged and blood flow stops, the pathology of the vessels of the optic nerve and retina, conditionally referred to as "eye stroke," appears. In medical terminology there is no concept of an “eye vessel stroke”, but it is often used to indicate the already mentioned vascular pathology (hemorrhage in the eye against a background of vascular occlusion).

   Eye hemorrhage

Among the main causes of a stroke of the right or left eye there are such phenomena and diseases:

• hypertension;
• blood flow problems;
• type II diabetes mellitus;
• unbalanced diet;
• stress, chronic fatigue;
• bleeding disorders;
• genetic predisposition;
• the presence of nicotine, alcohol addiction;
• systematic eye strain (prolonged work with PCs or papers);
• prolonged use of medications acting on the eyes (oral contraceptives, corticosteroids).

All these factors entail the formation of emboli or blood clots (blood clots with inclusions of bacteria, calcium crystals, cholesterol). At one point (under the conditions: allergies, infections, injuries, pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, problems with blood coagulation), they break away from the walls of the arteries and with the flow of blood into the vessels of the eye, which stops the flow of blood to the retina.

As a rule, blood clots dangerous to the visual organs form in the carotid or coronary arteries. If resorption of the formation occurs, then vision is fully or partially restored, and other unpleasant manifestations of the pathology disappear with time.

Other causes of occlusion symptoms include obstruction or rupture of the arteries of the spine (these signs are noted in injuries, intervertebral hernias, or osteochondrosis), as well as a sharp jump in intracranial pressure, resulting in a malfunction in the nutrition of eye structures.

Such an ailment is extremely dangerous due to its almost asymptomatic course: visual function does not suffer for a long time, and a damaged retina does not provoke a pain syndrome. The missing symptoms of an eye stroke do not allow to diagnose the anomaly in time and prescribe the necessary treatment. Often, people who have crossed a 60-year milestone suffer from such a pathology, but sometimes ailment is also found in young people.

Classification of types of disease

Based on the type of ischemic disorder manifested in the retina, several types of such deviations are noted.

Symptoms of the disease

The primary signals indicating pathology are flies and sparks in front of the eyes. Further, the visual field and the "picture" transmitted to the brain are significantly reduced. Hemorrhages and minor hemorrhages of the eye are noted. Also, pain often occurs, and some people completely lose their vision.

But the main sign that a “blow” occurred in a person is a sudden deterioration in visual function and the parallel occurrence of bright spots in front of the eyes. When examining the injured right or left eye, local redness, the smallest hemorrhages and an increase in blood pressure in the patient are noted. Such a situation is always associated with complete or partial loss of vision.

There are a number of specific symptoms characteristic of a particular type of pathology. So, with blockage of the central retinal artery, it is noted:

• the appearance of "blind spots";
• peripheral vision suffers (disappears);
• perception of visual images is disturbed (blurriness of the “picture” appears).

With this type of ailment, there is no pain, and with untimely detection of pathology, visual impairment can be irreversible.

  In case of separation of the central retinal vein, the patient experiences blindness or one-sided visual impairment, there is a cross syndrome (for example, impaired right eye movement with loss of sensation or paralysis of the left side limb), limited mobility or swinging eye movements. Manifestations of strabismus, double vision, narrowing of the pupil and pain are also possible.

In addition, a symptom of atrial fibrillation, which is characteristic of:

• light glare, flicker or fog before the eyes;
• loss of sensation in various areas of the skin;
• this symptomatology has a wave nature: it appears, then disappears.

  Visual impairment in eye stroke

However, it should be noted that a similar symptom is also inherent in atherosclerosis, migraine and the most severe course of hypertension.

Diagnostics

  Diagnostic methods for eye stroke

As a rule, the diagnosis of deviations is carried out in a hospital. As soon as a person has the first symptoms of a pathology, he urgently needs to be examined by a neurologist. The doctor will evaluate the patient's reflexes, his speech, vision and orientation in space. If a suspicion of an eye stroke is confirmed, then an ophthalmologist consultation is scheduled.

In the diagnostic process, the following methods can be used:

• CT angiography (vascular imaging).

These instrumental methods help to identify the location and degree of occlusion, as well as help determine the treatment course. To detect malformations, vascular aneurysms and other pathologies, radiography is often prescribed, and ultrasound and ECG can be used to identify the causes of stroke. Laboratory tests also play an equally important role in the diagnosis: urine and blood tests help determine the concentration of glucose, as well as the presence of electrolytes and metabolites of the kidneys.

Treatment

Therapy and the likely consequences of the pathology largely depend on the degree of damage to the organ, the duration of the disease and how timely the medical assistance was provided to the person. Early diagnosis of the phenomenon allows us to talk about the good effectiveness of treatment and the full restoration of visual function. Specialists prefer to treat such pathologies with the help of laser correction, with the help of a nonspecific technique, or with the help of drug therapy.

Nonspecific technique

In certain cases, the symptoms and causes of a stroke of the eye require a specific therapeutic treatment. In such circumstances, the patient is prescribed hyperbaric oxygenation. During this procedure, the patient is in an airtight chamber. In it, treatment is carried out, through oxygen, which is under pressure.

Drug therapy

  Drug therapy for eye stroke

Drug treatment for eye stroke involves taking drugs aimed at eliminating a blood clot, eliminating spasm, normalizing blood circulation and blood pressure. May also be assigned:

• angioprotectors;
• antibiotics (in case of infection);
• drugs that prevent the formation of blood clots;
• medications to eliminate concomitant ailments that may exacerbate the pathology.

All medications are selected by a specialist taking into account the characteristics of the patient and the symptoms of the disease.

Operation

At the moment, the use of laser coagulation is the most effective and common method of treating pathology. Such a procedure contributes to the complete destruction and removal of the blood clot, as a result of which the blood circulation in the problem area is again normalized. In addition, laser correction is also recommended in case of retinal detachment or for correction of degenerative changes in the fundus of the eye.

Possible consequences

Despite the effectiveness of timely treatment and restoration of visual function, some patients may remain certain problems. As a rule, these are distortions in the perception of objects (blurriness or fuzziness of the “picture”), the appearance of blind spots and white spots, and the loss of visual fields. In order to minimize the likelihood of such manifestations, it is necessary to take a responsible attitude to rehabilitation, which boils down to proper nutrition, vitamin therapy and therapeutic exercises for the eyes under the supervision of a specialist.

Ocular stroke is a pathological condition characterized by the cessation of blood flow to some tissues of the eye or its outflow from the retina. Eye stroke in 30% of cases is asymptomatic.

Distinctive features of eye stroke are:

• appearance at any age;
• mostly not vivid symptoms;
• rapid development.

Typically, pathology occurs in people over 60 years of age, but recently there has been a tendency to rejuvenate the disease. There are frequent cases of diagnosis in people 30-40 years old.

Causes

Eye stroke can also precede a rupture or blockage of blood vesselsas well as vasospasm:

• the head;
• eyeball.

The provoking factors of vascular damage are:

1. excessive regular eye strain;
2. physical and mental stress, severe fatigue;
3. persistent stress and nervous breakdowns;
4. malnutrition;
5. genetic predisposition;
6. long-term use of hormonal drugs;
7. bad habits.

Ocular stroke is often the result of a combination of several predisposing factors.

Among the diseases, the precursors of eye stroke are most often:

• diseases of the cardiovascular system (atherosclerosis, hypertension, congenital vascular anomalies);
• oncological processes;
• endocrine pathologies;
• brain injuries;
• diseases of the bone and muscle apparatus (osteochondrosis, hernia);
• sudden surges in pressure.

Classification

Three main forms of eye stroke are distinguished, and with each of them a special treatment is prescribed.

Occlusion of the central artery of the eye retina

This pathology is most often found in people with diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases. Occlusion occurs suddenly and develops rapidly - usually the condition develops from several hours to 2-3 days.

With occlusion of the central retinal artery, a violation of the venous outflow is detected, as a result of which:

1. visual acuity decreases;
2. visual fields fall out;
3. glare and haze appear;
4. the outlines of objects seem blurry.

Central vein thrombosis

The cause of this type of eye stroke is a violation of the outflow of blood from the retina. The disease has similar symptoms and occurs more often in people who have problems with blood vessels.

With thrombosis of the central retinal vein, changes often affect only one eye.

The development of the condition is accompanied by the appearance of glare and spots, swelling, in some cases, peripheral vision is impaired.

Artery occlusion and retinal detachment

Artery occlusion with subsequent retinal detachment is the most common and most dangerous pathology. Her treachery lurks in an asymptomatic course.

At risk are people with constantly high blood pressure (hypertension).

With detachment of the retina, peripheral vision is gradually disturbed, after which the central vision begins to deteriorate. If measures are not taken in time, occlusion and detachment of the retina can lead to complete loss of vision.

First signs and symptoms

The probability of successful treatment depends on the timely detection of the disease.. You need to pay attention to the following signs:

• periodically, the quality of vision decreases or there is a tendency to a permanent loss of visual acuity;
• peripheral vision impairment;
• the appearance of glare, white spots before the eyes;
• loss of sections of the field of view;
• altered color perception;
• hemorrhage in the eyeball.

Symptoms not related to the eyes include headache and dizziness.

Diagnostics

If at least one of the above signs appears, consult a doctor. The diagnosis is made on the basis of an examination by an ophthalmologist and neuropathologist.

First, you need to conduct a visual examination of the eyeball, after which the method of fluorescence angiography is used. At the same time, the specialist, using special equipment, studies the condition of the fundus and takes a picture to understand the type of stroke and prescribe adequate therapy.

How to restore vision?

The effectiveness of therapy depends on how quickly a person seeks help. As practice shows, in 80% of cases it is possible to prevent the development of severe consequences and improve vision.

Treatment methods

Depending on the degree of pathology, a treatment method is chosen. There are three main areas:

1. Drug treatment eliminates the symptoms of the disease. To do this, prescribe drugs that improve blood circulation, dilate blood vessels, prevent blood clots, antibiotics (in the presence of infection), as well as blood pressure stabilizers.
2. Laser retinal coagulation  it is prescribed if drug treatment has been ineffective or its implementation for some reason is not possible (for example, pregnancy). During the operation, the doctor eliminates blood clots and restores the integrity of the eye membranes, as a result of which the blood supply is restored.
3. Hyperbaric oxygenation  it is advisable in cases where the cause of the disease is a blockage of blood vessels or vascular disease. The method involves high pressure oxygen therapy in an airtight chamber.

With the right therapy, vision can be restored completely, in advanced cases - only partially.

Consequences and Complications

The consequences and complications arise if a person for a long time ignores the development of the disease and does not go to the doctor. In this case, there is not only a residual visual impairment, but also its complete loss.

The consequences of an eye stroke are:

• color vision impairment (color blindness);
• the appearance of flies, glare, "blind spots";
• partial or complete loss of vision.

Unfortunately, if a person has completely lost the ability to see eyes as a result of a stroke, it is impossible to restore it.

Eye stroke is dangerous for an asymptomatic course and a high risk of permanent loss of vision. Moreover, sometimes symptoms are present, but the patient simply does not pay attention to them, especially if the visual acuity was initially not ideal. With alarming signs, you should immediately consult a doctor and undergo an examination to exclude the likelihood of developing a dangerous pathology.

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Most vision problems due to stroke are reversible, provided that pathological changes are diagnosed in a timely manner and adequate therapy is prescribed.

Why a stroke does not open my eyes

The reason why the eyes do not open after a stroke is a lesion of the optic nerve, located in anatomical proximity with different departments and parts of the brain. Tissue damage due to hemorrhage or coronary artery disease affects the structure of the oculomotor nerve, passing at the level of the upper mounds of the midbrain, between two large arteries.

As a result of pathological disorders, the following negative manifestations of a stroke are observed:

• Bifurcation of vision - the inability to control the orientation leads to bulging of the eyeballs and turning them to the side, which is manifested in visual impairment.
• Atrophy of the optic nerve due to a stroke - the patient has an eyelid spasm, eyeball trembling. Severe violations are for the most part irreversible. The patient is prescribed visual disability. With relatively small necrotic and atrophic events, it is possible to achieve certain improvements, regarding changes and eliminate the consequences after a stroke.
• Bulging eyes is another characteristic sign of oculomotor nerve atrophy. After a stroke, paralysis occurs with the eyes, basic functions are violated. The constant tension exerted on the eyeball leads to a condition in which the eyes constantly watery, which indicates the dryness of the cornea. If you do not take urgent measures, your vision may fall, and your changes may become irreversible.

Temporary visual impairment is a characteristic sign of the development of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Timely measures taken can prevent a dangerous attack of the disease.

Prevention

So that the prognosis after a stroke is more positive and there is no visual impairment, patients should not overwork the visual organs and the whole body, working physically

It is important to eat properly and balanced, consuming a lot of vitamins and minerals. It is possible to prevent a stroke and visual impairment with regular monitoring of arterial and intraocular pressure

Surgical methods

Surgery is used only in severe cases when conservative treatment is ineffective. The ophthalmologist makes the decision to conduct the operation in agreement with the neurologist.

Surgery to restore vision is prescribed in the presence of the following indications:

1. The patient revealed destructive changes in the lens of the eye.
2. The operation is necessary to eliminate strabismus.
3. It is impossible to do without the help of a surgeon if the patient's peripheral vision has worsened.
4. Among the indications for surgery include necrosis. In this case, the patient completely loses the ability to control eye movements.

To get rid of strabismus in the clinics of St. Petersburg, you need to pay 27,000 rubles. In severe lesions, surgeons have to completely replace the lens. The average cost of such an operation is 50,000 rubles.

An effective way to improve vision is laser correction.

To undergo treatment you need to pay a fee of 20,000 rubles.

How to restore vision.

Vision is a tremendous value for every person, and especially for women. Through the eyes perceived 80 percent of the information surrounding us. But in the modern world, visual disturbances occur in the weaker sex at a very young age. Many girls are puzzled by the question: is it possible to return good vision and, if so, how. Short-sighted older women almost always wear glasses. Younger girls prefer contact lenses in order to correct and restore good vision. Both one and the other have both positive and negative points. With the help of the operation, it is also not always possible to return perfect vision, and not every woman wants to go for it. In addition, eye surgery requires a lot of money, and they also have a number of contraindications. How to work on restoration of vision, when the eyes are constantly tense, the load on them is growing, everything around, as in a fog, lenses and glasses for some reason are not suitable, and there are contraindications to the operation.

To restore vision, you can use one of several methods.

Physical exercise.

When there were problems with vision, and you have already thought about how to solve them, the most rational, according to ophthalmologists, is to turn to the help of physical exercises for the eyes. Such exercises should last about a quarter of an hour daily. Even a small set of such exercises will be extremely beneficial for your eyes. Such exercises, regardless of methodology, are aimed at training the eye muscles. Eye training will help to better focus your eyes on small objects, help improve blood circulation in the eyes, help moisturize your eyes and prevent congestion. If you strengthen the muscles of the eyes, you can see well from different distances.

The intake of vitamins.

In case of visual impairment, multivitamins are required. This should be not only a general strengthening complex, but also vitamins for the eyes with zeaxanthin. lutein and special trace elements. They will help strengthen the eye vessels, improve vision and exchange between cells. Fruits and vegetables are also great helpers in the process of restoring vision. In the morning, before eating, you need to drink a glass of carrot juice (freshly squeezed), you need to add berries (especially blueberries and black currants) to your diet, as well as fruit drinks (from fresh) and compotes (from dried) berries.

Eye drops.

If you are always working at a computer, then you just need good eye drops. An ophthalmologist will pick them up and prescribe them. Drops are divided into groups, according to medical indications and stress on the organs of vision. Dripping eyes, you can relieve eye cramps and get rid of imaginary myopia. Substances that contain drops for the eyes will relieve spasm of the muscles of the eye, which will help relax the eyes, accelerate blood microcirculation and excretion of the eye fluid. All this will well affect visual acuity.

Vision and chronic diseases.

Diabetes and diseases of the nervous system, such as kA, for example, hydrocephalus, can negatively affect vision. After a stroke or eye injury, visual acuity can also decrease. Osteochondrosis of the cervical spine will also lead to the same consequences. Because of this condition, blood circulation in the eye is impaired, vision is reduced, everything doubles in front of the eyes, and flies and spots appear.

Preventive measures.

There are certain recommendations for the successful prevention of visual impairment. Do not read while lying down, as the position of the eyes changes depending on the position. Reading while lying down, you also pinch the neck vessels. Your computer workstation should be well equipped, and approximately once every forty minutes you need to take breaks of several minutes.

How to restore vision

The restoration of vision after a stroke occurs during therapeutic measures in order to eliminate or mitigate the symptoms of visual disturbances. Comprehensive treatment necessarily includes medications, gymnastics for the eyes, may require surgical intervention. Folk remedies used with the permission of the attending physician will provide good help.

Medications

Visual impairment in a stroke occurs due to damage to a portion of the brain, so the purpose of the drugs will depend on the type of stroke, the size and location of the damaged area of \u200b\u200bthe brain. Apply drugs designed to:

• improve blood circulation;
• relieve swelling of the brain tissue;
• increase the resistance of neurons to oxygen starvation;
• lower blood pressure;
• moisturize the mucous membranes of the eye, etc.

Drugs and dosage are prescribed by the doctor individually, based on the patient's condition, age and examination results.

Folk remedies

The course of rehabilitation after a stroke at home starts from the patient’s return home, and can last for up to two to three years. Some functions recover faster than others, depending on the location of the vascular catastrophe and the degree of brain damage. Although this is a long process, many patients, thanks to their perseverance and the help of loved ones, return to a full life.

The restoration of vision at home is more effective with the help of various folk methods, which are confirmed by long-term practice of cured

It is important to remember that the choice of traditional medicine should be coordinated with a general practitioner or a neurologist observing the patient. Mainly used are decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs, honey baths, tincture on pine cones, citrus treatment and other effective recipes that thin the blood and improve nutrition and restoration of brain structures

It is useful to eat nuts and dried fruits, rich in trace elements and potassium, as well as products containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for normal brain function (sea fish, linseed oil, nuts, seeds, whole grains).

Gymnastics for the eyes

Therapeutic gymnastics is needed primarily for the eye muscles affected by the effects of a stroke. Simple, but constant exercises will strengthen the muscles of the eyes, strengthen blood circulation, and help restore control over the movements of the eye muscles. Doing gymnastics will take a long time and regularly, devoting it to 20-25 minutes every day. An approximate set of exercises to restore vision after a stroke:

1. Eye movements left and right until it stops, slowly and calmly. At the turning point, try to linger for a second.
2. Eye movements up and down, at the extreme point, fix the gaze for a second.
3. With maximum amplitude, make circular movements with the eyes in a clockwise direction, and then counterclockwise.
4. Close your eyes tightly and count to 5 (slowly).
5. On the closed upper eyelids put three fingers with a slight pressure, hold, counting to 5.
6. Put the palms of your hands on your closed eyes, slightly pressing, and make rotational movements clockwise and counterclockwise (slowly).
7. Select a point in front of you on an object, then look at the tip of the nose. Repeat 6-8 times.
8. Often, often blink, counting to 5.

The number of repetitions over time can be increased from 6 to 30 times, avoiding the feeling of fatigue and discomfort in the organs of vision.

Surgical intervention

Surgical treatment after a stroke is rarely used, in special cases, for example, when you need to replace a clouded lens with an artificial lens, which replaces the functions of the victim and vision is restored. Also, with severe strabismus, surgical correction of excessively strained and, conversely, relaxed eye muscles may be required. Not in all cases, the operation helps to completely restore the lost function of the eyes, but the ability to achieve partial vision improvement is quite high.

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Oculomotor disturbances, DOUBLE and Oscillopsia

Strokes can lead to such a violation of friendly eye movements that the patient will not be able to look in a given direction. Most often, horizontal eye movements occur due to damage in the opposite hemisphere of the brain or in the same half of the bridge. If a stroke has led to damage to the rostrodorsal parts of the midbrain, then the vertical gaze suffers. About 8% of patients had eye disorders, according to the data, but were more common among patients in the hospital. Strokes involving the brain stem, oculomotor nuclei and nerves or the medial longitudinal bundle can lead to inconsistent eye movements.

Assessment of eye movements after a stroke helps localize the lesion; disturbance of friendly movements in a hemispheric stroke is associated with a poor outcome. Paralysis of the gaze rarely causes disability and social maladaptation. The doubling that can develop as a result of oculomotor disturbances, and oscillosis, combined with nystagmus, disturb patients much more, make them unstable, prevent them from reading and watching TV. Practical difficulties in assessing eye movement after a stroke have been described previously.

The most effective way to reduce double vision in the early stages is to use a blindfold in one eye (it does not matter which one, although it is often recommended to move it from one eye to another). Diplopia usually disappears during the first weeks after a stroke, but if it remains, then glasses with prismatic lenses should be used.

  for sure.

For several months after a stroke, patients with visual field defects spend a lot of money on new glasses, mistakenly believing that the problem is in their eyes. It is necessary to explain to them the reason for this, as well as the fact that new glasses are issued only in case of uncorrected refractive defects.

The nature and cause of their visual impairment should be explained to the patient so that they do not spend money on unnecessary new glasses.

Oculomotor disturbances, double vision and oscillation

Strokes can lead to such a violation of friendly eye movements that the patient will not be able to look in a given direction. Most often, horizontal movements of the eyeballs are affected due to damage in the opposite hemisphere of the brain or in the same half of the brain bridge. If a stroke has led to damage to the rostrodorsal parts of the midbrain, then the vertical gaze suffers. Vision disorders were present in approximately 8% of patients, but were more common among patients in the hospital. Strokes involving the brain stem, oculomotor nuclei and nerves or the medial longitudinal bundle can lead to inconsistent eye movements.

Assessment of eye movements after a stroke helps localize the lesion; disturbance of friendly movements in a hemispheric stroke is associated with a poor outcome. Paralysis of the gaze rarely causes disability and social maladaptation. The doubling that can develop as a result of oculomotor disturbances, and oscillosis, combined with nystagmus, worry patients much more, make them unstable, prevent them from reading and watching TV. Practical difficulties in assessing eye movement after a stroke have been described previously (see paragraph 4.2.7).

The most effective way to reduce double vision in the early stages is to use a blindfold in one eye (it does not matter which one, although it is often recommended to move it from one eye to another). Doubling usually takes place during the first weeks after a stroke, but if it remains, then use glasses with prismatic lenses.

However, prisms are not used for diplopia, combined with varying degrees of divergence. Patients should be warned that they do not need to buy new glasses until their vision reaches a stable state. No effective treatment has been found for oscillopsia, but, fortunately, it is rare.

Methods for improving vision after a stroke

After a stroke, artificial tears are prescribed, Korneregel, Taufon, Normax, Taurine

Moisturizing is crucial for coma patients

During the rehabilitation period, you need to review your diet. After a stroke, it is recommended to consume more carrots, yellow pepper, pumpkin, egg yolks and fish. Prevention of cataracts provides grapes, blueberries and onions.

After a stroke, it is useful to massage with hot or cold compresses. This helps to relax the eyes and improve blood circulation. It is enough to moisten one towel in cold water, and the other in warm, and alternate them for 5-10 minutes.

In restoring vision, the usual throwing of a ball or ball helps. Throw the object back and forth from the affected side. Focusing your eyes on the object will help to synchronize movements and vision.

Computer programs will help to rehabilitate vision after a stroke. One of these programs shows a black square, at certain intervals a cluster of one hundred points flashes from the side of the affected eye. Computer exercises take 15-20 minutes a day. The course of treatment is several months.

Comparative exercises allow checking the extent of visual focus disturbance. They make it possible to determine the necessary degree of rehabilitation therapy. The patient should close his eyes and look towards the injured side of the body. After determining the correct (according to the patient) direction of the eye open, and the doctor determines the proximity of the gaze from the desired direction.

Compensatory visual therapy stimulates areas of the brain that provide vision. It includes scanning, field recognition, and prism exercises. You can adapt the visual field by moving images from invisible zones.

Prisms in ophthalmology are used to correct various visual disturbances. The type and location of the prism will be determined by symptoms. When doubling, the prism is placed on a glass lens, which allows you to align the direction of view. Spatial disregard requires the use of a prism on the left side of the visual field so that it reflects objects on different sides.

Restorative visual therapy is aimed at stimulating nerve connections in the brain. There are various techniques for all types of visual impairment.

Usually, surgical treatment of the organs of vision does not help after a stroke, because the problem is in the brain. Only in some cases, the operation corrects double vision by acting on the eye muscles.

Does pathology affect vision?

When a person has an attack of a stroke, this negatively affects the work of the brain, as a result of which the vascular plexuses are damaged and a hematoma is formed. The disturbed blood flow provokes a necrotic and atrophic process. The optic nerve is located as close to the brain structures as possible, so the patient often has visual impairment after a stroke, which is associated with hemorrhage. If the patient is not helped in time, then there is a high probability of a complete loss of visual function, because of which a person will become blind. The severity of damage to the brain and its structures is determined by the symptoms presented in the table.

Why is it impossible to open my eyes after an attack?

  The vision problem is associated with a neurological disorder and requires a long rehabilitation period.

Loss of vision during a stroke is not a common problem, but it does occur. Pathological visual impairment is associated with brain damage and extensive hemorrhage. The main cause of vision problems after an attack is damage to the nerve tissue of the eye. Due to a stroke, such pathologies often affect the visual system:

• inability to open eyes;
• protrusion of eyeballs;
• impaired perception of objects;
• atrophic processes of the oculomotor nerve;
• diplopia, in which the patient has double vision;
• drying of the cornea.

Contraindications to the procedure

Contraindications for surgical lens replacement include:

inflammatory and infectious diseases of the eye tissue, including keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, etc.

• decompensated glaucoma - a pathology that is accompanied by an increase in intraocular pressure after surgery can lead to serious complications and complete loss of vision;
• the lack of light perception is a serious violation of the retina, which has an unfavorable prognosis - if the patient has this symptom, replacing the lens will not make sense;
• serious diseases of internal organs, including diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, cancerous tumors, heart attack or stroke, lasting for six months;
• the size of the eyeball or its anterior chamber is too small, which may interfere with the procedure;
• pregnancy and lactation.

Some of the above contraindications are relative. In case of infectious or inflammatory eye diseases, surgery can be performed after the pathological process is stopped. If the replacement of the lens is planned for a pregnant or lactating woman, doctors recommend waiting for delivery and the end of the lactation period. With the rapid progression of the disease, patients are prescribed taking maintenance drugs.

Replacement of the lens from 2012 can be done free of charge, according to the policy of compulsory medical insurance. It is carried out according to the quota, which means that the patient must be suitable for a number of parameters and he will have to wait for his turn for the procedure. The first are pensioners and people with disabilities.

In order to be eligible for an operation, a positive result must be predicted by ophthalmologists. When replacing the lens, age is not an obstacle to entering the quota, since the procedure does not use general anesthesia, which is difficult for elderly people to tolerate. An argument for refusal may be the presence of concomitant eye diseases that can prevent the restoration of vision.

Paid operations have a wide range of prices. In Moscow clinics, they are carried out for 40 000 - 120 000 rubles (for one eye). The cost depends on the selected prosthesis, the reputation of the clinic, the experience of medical specialists. The most popular medical centers in the capital are Excimer and the Eye Surgery Center. They have branches in several cities of Russia.

Therapy

Treatment will largely depend on the type of hemorrhage, the nature and prevalence of the lesion, the reasons that led to this outcome, as well as how timely medical care was provided.

Treatment for eye stroke is mainly laser. It is produced by laser coagulation to destroy and remove the resulting blood clot. As a result, blood circulation in the damaged area and blood supply to the eye are normalized. Also used to “strengthen” the retina in case of detachment. It is used for correction during degenerative changes in the fundus.

In rare cases, hyperbaric oxygenation is performed: the patient is placed in an airtight pressure chamber. Applied oxygen therapy under pressure.

Drugs are used under medical supervision and in a hospital setting. In this case, medications are used:

• Preventing the formation of blood clots.
• Antispasmodics.
• Blood circulation enhancers.
• Angioprotectors.
• Antibiotics (in some cases, when an infection is attached or to prevent its development).
• Drugs that lower blood pressure (in case of increased blood pressure).
• Drugs used to treat concomitant diseases that may aggravate the course of the disease.

Do not forget: the sooner treatment is started, the better its result.

It should be regularly observed by a specialist in order to avoid complications!

With early detection of pathology, a rather high percentage of vision recovery is observed in patients, however, some defects may remain in the form of flies before the eyes, white spots.

In some cases, if untreated or with inadequate therapy, such a condition can lead to retinal degeneration, which threatens vision loss.

Brain surgery after a stroke

With a hemorrhagic stroke (cerebral hemorrhage), surgical treatment is necessary to remove blood. The resulting intracerebral hematoma compresses adjacent tissues, increases intracranial pressure and interferes with normal blood circulation in the area of \u200b\u200bdamage.

In order to prevent swelling and displacement of brain structures, an operation as early as possible is necessary. There is evidence of the success of surgical treatment and during the first month after a stroke

This is due to the fact that it is important to reduce the release of toxic compounds from the focus of blood accumulation. If they continue to destroy the brain, then the recovery process is inhibited in patients.

Indications

The issue of the operation is considered in such conditions:

• the volume of cerebellar hemorrhage is from 14 cm3, and with subcortical or at the base of the forebrain (putative hematoma) from 30 cm3;
• displacement of brain structures;
• pronounced impaired movement, speech, sensitivity;
• compression of the 4 ventricles, where vital centers are located;
• hydrocephalus (dropsy of the brain);
• stem and thalamic hemorrhages with gross neurological disorders.

  Hydrocephalus - an indication for surgery after cerebral hemorrhage

Contraindications

Brain operations are classified as dangerous interventions, about half of them fail and the patient cannot be saved

Therefore, it is important to assess all the risks of its appointment. Absolute contraindications include deep coma.

In all other cases, the surgeon may take into account such adverse factors:

• age from 70 years;
• decreased or increased blood coagulation;
• decompensated diabetes mellitus;
• severe circulatory disorders;
• end-stage renal failure;
• severe diseases of the liver or other internal organs;
• the volume of poured blood is more than 80 cm3 (for intraventricular from 20 cm3);
• rapid increase in signs of coma;
• displacement of brain structures in the transverse direction from 7 mm;
• repeated stroke.

Previously, such operations were contraindicated in case of high risk of general anesthesia and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Currently, if possible, a minimally traumatic intervention can be performed, such patients can be operated on.

Types of operations

If it is planned to explode the bones of the skull and dissect the brain substance to access the hematoma, then such operations are called open. They are carried out with increasing signs of a stroke with subcortical hemorrhage, Putual, cerebellar.

When a patient has signs of displacement of the brain stem, surgical treatment is the only chance to save a life. In all other patients, the risk of death and disability is the same as with drug therapy.

Less traumatic are punctures (punctures) of the hematoma through a small hole in the skull and fibrinolysis (local dissolution of blood clots). After aspiration (blood removal), a drainage is established in the hemorrhage and heparin is introduced through it and dissolved thrombi are removed. This technique allows you to almost 2 times reduce postoperative mortality.

Surgery on the vessels of the neck and head

After an ischemic stroke, revascularization is indicated. Patients are prescribed vascular surgery - removal of plaques from the carotid and vertebral arteries, angioplasty and stenting, bypass surgery. They are carried out to prevent repeated acute cerebrovascular accident.

On the carotid artery

Part of the membrane affected by cholesterol deposits (endarterectomy) is removed from the internal lumen. It is used for severe narrowing (from 75%), which leads to impaired intracerebral blood flow, repeated attacks of ischemia, as well as when plaque delamination is detected. In the latter case, its parts may soon block the cerebral artery.

On the vertebral

Reconstructive operations are needed to restore blood circulation with bilateral lesions of the arteries and signs of vertebrobasilar insufficiency (dizziness, visual impairment, sensitivity). In addition to removing atherosclerotic plaques and part of the vessel wall, patients can undergo shunting. For him, using his own vein, a connection is created between the vertebral artery and the carotid or subclavian.

Angioplasty and stenting

Instead of endarterectomy, a catheter is inserted into the lumen of the vessel, which ends with a balloon. After he has expanded the distance between the walls, a stent is installed in the narrowing zone. It is a metal frame that does not allow arteries to collapse. This method has no advantages over plaque removal; it can be prescribed in such cases:

• surgical access to the area of \u200b\u200bcholesterol deposits is difficult;
• there are concomitant diseases with a high operational risk (for example, heart defects, severe diabetes);
• relapse after a previous endarterectomy;
• narrowing after radiation therapy.

Vascular bypass

Creating a message between an artery with a blockage and extracranial vessels is called extra-intracranial anastomosis. This treatment method is recommended for bilateral atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid artery or obstruction of blood flow and insufficiently developed detours. Most often, the temporal or occipital arterial branches are used for the brain's power source.

Content

When blood flow to the eyeball due to blockage or rupture of one of the vessels decreases, the situation is extremely dangerous. The organ of vision ceases to cope with its duties, which over time can lead to blindness. Eye stroke is also dangerous because it is characterized by mild symptoms. Vision deteriorates imperceptibly, trauma causes only slight pain, and many do not pay attention to glare in front of the eyes. As a result, the problem is often ignored - and in vain.

What is an eye stroke

The human eye is a sophisticated optical device that decodes information obtained in the form of light waves and transmits it to the optic nerve, after which the signal goes to the brain. This is a very important task, since about 90% of information about the world around a person gets through his eyes.

The flow of information is continuous, so the eye needs constant nutrition, which receives through an extensive network of blood vessels. In case of rupture (hemorrhage) or blockage (occlusion) by a thrombus of an artery or vein, the supply of blood to certain tissues of the eyeball or its outflow from the retina (retina) stops. Conventionally, this process is called an eye stroke. A similar situation can also provoke a spasm of the vessels of the brain, neck, eyeball. This leads to various pathological processes, the result of which are:

• peripheral vision impairment;
• glare in front of the eyes;
• optic nerve stroke;
• strabismus;
• temporary or permanent color blindness;
• blindness.

Causes of Eye Stroke

In most cases, occlusion or rupture of the vessel of the eye is observed after fifty years. However, a problem may occur at a younger age. Provoking factors are:

• activities related to eye strain - paperwork, prolonged sitting at the computer, in front of the TV;
• physical or mental strain, severe fatigue;
• constant stress, nervous stress, psychological illness, overwork;
• improper nutrition - excessive consumption of spicy, fried, fatty foods, salty and pickled dishes;
• hereditary predisposition to eye diseases, problems with blood vessels;
• taking drugs that adversely affect vision (oral contraceptives, corticosteroids);
• smoking, alcohol, drug addiction and other bad habits.

Pathological processes occurring in the body are capable of provoking a blockage or rupture of blood vessels. The main causes are diseases associated with increased fragility of blood vessels, bleeding or thrombosis. First of all, it is:

• Severe diseases of the cerebral vessels and myocardium - atherosclerosis, hypertension, arrhythmia, heart disease, endocarditis (inflammation of the inner lining of the heart muscle).
• Vascular diseases - congenital vascular pathologies of the eye or brain, stenosis, aneurysms, vasculitis, increased blood coagulation.
• Diseases that provoked the destruction of the walls of blood vessels and circulatory problems. Among them are inflammatory or toxic diseases, brain tumors, metastases, pathological deposits, blood diseases, endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, problems with the adrenal glands, thyroid gland).
• Injury to the eye or brain.
• Ischemic stroke, in which there was a blockage of the vessels of the brain.
• Hemorrhagic stroke - cerebral hemorrhage.
• Blockage or rupture of the vertebral arteries - observed with disc herniation, osteochondrosis, injuries.
• A sharp increase in intraocular or intracranial pressure.

A stroke is often triggered by a combination of several pathologies. For example, the cause may be changes in the vascular walls provoked by atherosclerosis, in combination with prolonged spastic (convulsive compression) arteries that occur during strokes. Another option is a combination of high blood pressure or eye injury with congenital vascular pathologies.

Kinds

It is customary to distinguish three varieties of ischemic stroke that affects the organ of vision. It:

• Blockage of the artery, followed by retinal detachment, which is responsible for the primary processing of the image and its conversion into nerve impulses. Stroke leads to a decrease in peripheral vision.
• Separation from the retina of the veins - manifested by glare, spots in front of the eyes, one-sided damage to the organ of vision. The reason is a violation of the outflow of blood through the veins from the vessels of the retina. A stroke develops with problems with blood coagulation, in diabetics, with atherosclerosis and other diseases that were triggered by changes in the vessels.
• Blockage of the central retinal artery, due to which a person ceases to distinguish colors, blind spots appear, complete blindness is possible. It develops against the background of a strong spastic narrowing of the carotid or vertebral arteries, through which blood flows to the brain. May be a consequence of severe heart disease, hypertension.

Signs

A stroke of the organ of vision often proceeds without pronounced signs, and therefore often goes unnoticed. In order to prevent pathology, it is necessary to pay attention to the symptoms of the disease, which are characteristic of all types of stroke:

• temporary or progressive decrease in visual acuity;
• gradual deterioration of peripheral vision;
• white spots, glare, other obstructions before the eyes;
• unexpected loss of field of vision;
• problems with color perception;
• hemorrhage (hemorrhage in the eyeball).

When the artery becomes clogged, followed by retinal detachment, visibility at close range deteriorates, the border of the angle of view is gradually shifted inwards. Sometimes there is pain in the temples and anterior part of the frontal lobes, sharp dizziness is possible, accompanied by blurred eyes.

With blockage of the retina artery, a partial or complete loss of peripheral vision is possible, which over time can transform into complete blindness if retinal detachment occurs. A stroke is accompanied by the appearance of blind spots, distorted perception of images. The disease is rarely accompanied by pain, which is why patients do not pay attention to a gradual decrease in vision, and often catch on when it cannot be restored.

Separation of veins from retina is accompanied by a deterioration in peripheral vision, which over time leads to blindness, and signs of pathology progress rapidly. It is necessary to pay attention and urgently take up treatment if the objects suddenly become fuzzy, glare, opacities appear, blind spots are observed in the field of view.

An eye microstroke, known as an optic nerve stroke, is the result of a myocardial infarction or hemorrhagic stroke in the area of \u200b\u200bthe brain that is responsible for the work of the eyes. This is a life-threatening situation that requires urgent medical attention. The following symptoms are characteristic of a stroke:

• sudden blindness or visual impairment in one eye in combination with loss of mobility of the muscles of the arm or leg on the opposite side of the body (hemiparesis);
• the appearance of blind spots while maintaining the perception of color and visual acuity;
• sharp pain in the eyes;
• narrowing of the pupils;
• limitation of eye mobility;
• nystagmus - involuntary oscillatory eye movements of high frequency;
• double objects;
• strabismus.

Treatment

If you find symptoms that indicate a stroke in the organ of vision, you need to contact an optometrist. To confirm or refute the diagnosis, after a visual examination of the eyeball, you must do an electronic scan of the vessels (fluorescence hagiography), visit a neurologist. Treatment depends on the degree and nature of the damage.

There are situations when the thrombus dissolves on its own, which leads to the resumption of blood flow with full or partial restoration of vision. If this does not happen, treatment is prescribed to eliminate the cause of the disease and symptomatic therapy, the task of which is to remove the manifestations of the disease. For this purpose, drugs of the following groups are prescribed:

• Thrombolytics are drugs that prevent blood clots.
• Antispasmodics - drugs that relieve vasospasm.
• Medicines to improve blood circulation.
• Angioprotectors - cause vasodilation.
• Antibiotics - to prevent the development of a bacterial infection.
• Means for lowering blood pressure if hypertension is present.
• Medications for the treatment of concomitant diseases that can cause eye complications.

If the use of medications does not help, more radical actions are needed. They provide for:

• Laser coagulation of the retina. During the procedure, the blood clot is destroyed and removed, the exfoliated retina merges with the choroid of the eye. This leads to normalization of blood circulation in the area damaged by a stroke, which helps prevent the development of dystrophy and further prevents retinal detachment.
• Hyperbaric oxygenation. A method involving high pressure oxygen therapy, which leads to an increase in the solubility of gases. The procedure is carried out in an airtight chamber. The method is effective if emboli are to blame for clogged vessels.

If the problem is not triggered by a serious pathology (e.g., a brain stroke), in most cases, with timely diagnosis and correctly prescribed treatment, a complete restoration of all lost vision functions is observed. In some situations, the eyes are restored only partially: there are problems with glare, distorted perception of objects, blind spots.

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