Types of medication, commercial names of analogues, release forms
Interferon is most often produced as a lyophilisate ( form of drug release, in which the active substance is first dried and then frozen). It can also be found as a hypodermic solution ( injections), solution for inhalation and topical application, ointment, as well as a lyophilisate for preparing a solution for nasal rinse ( nasal solution).Different types of interferon can be found on sale under other names - Interferal, Interal, Viferon, Altevir, Inferon, Rebif, Extavia, etc.
Interferon manufacturers
| Manufacturing firm | Commercial name of the drug | Country | Release form | Dosage |
| Immunopreparation | Interferon | Russia | The dosage should be selected by the attending physician individually in each case. | |
| Microgen | Interferon | Russia | Lyophilisate for the preparation of intramuscular injections. | |
| Biocard | Interferon beta-1 b | Russia | Solution for the preparation of subcutaneous injections. | |
| Microgen | Human leukocyte interferon | Russia | Lyophilisate for preparation of inhalations and rinsing of the nasal cavity. | |
| Biomed | Human leukocyte interferon liquid | Russia | Solution for inhalation and local use. | |
| SPbNIIVS FMBA | Human leukocyte interferon dry | Russia | Lyophilisate for preparing a solution for rinsing the nasal cavity. |
The mechanism of the therapeutic action of the drug
Interferons are small peptide ( proteinaceous) molecules that regulate intercellular interactions ( are cytokines). Interferons show their properties quite actively even in very low concentrations. It has been proven that just one molecule of interferon is able to make the body's cell completely tolerant to the virus. It is also worth noting that some of the properties of interferon are not yet fully understood. Interferon is capable of exerting the following types of action on the body:
- antiviral action;
- antitumor action.
Antineoplastic actioncarried out by the action of the p53 protein. This protein becomes active due to DNA damage and can be produced by any cells in the body. Subsequently, the p53 protein stops the cell development cycle of the damaged cell, and in case of significant and irreversible defects in the genetic material, it causes its apoptosis. It should be noted that with malignant neoplasms ( cancerous tumors) in about half of cases, there is a dysfunction of the p53 protein.
Regardless of the form of release ( intramuscular injections or subcutaneous) the body completely assimilates this drug ( bioavailability 100%). Within 4 - 12 hours after application, the maximum concentration of interferon is observed in the blood.
What pathologies is it prescribed for?
In most cases, interferon is used in the treatment of various viral infections. Also, due to its antitumor effect, it can be prescribed for certain cancers. It is worth noting that single and weekly dosages can be reduced if interferon is poorly tolerated.Interferon use
| Pathology name | Mechanism of action | Dosage |
| Viral diseases | ||
| Chronic hepatitis B | Acts on a special enzyme oligoadenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the process of synthesizing virus particles, as well as their release, is almost completely inhibited in the cell. Stimulates the production of histocompatibility complex proteins and the immunoproteosome, which greatly increases the activity of the body's immune cells that fight viral infection. | Intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The weekly dosage is 30 - 35 million IU ( international units). The drug is used every day for 5 million IU or every other day for 10 million units ( three times a week). The course of treatment lasts 16 to 24 weeks. |
| Chronic hepatitis C | Intramuscularly. Adults 3 million units three times a week. When administered subcutaneously, interferon can be used alone or together with ribavirin. | |
| Chronic hepatitis D (Delta) | Subcutaneously, 5 million units three times a week. The course of treatment is 12-16 months. | |
| Papillomatosis (human papillomavirus disease) | After removal of the tumor, the drug is administered subcutaneously at 3 million units three times a week. The duration of treatment is 5-6 months. Sometimes the doctor can extend the treatment. | |
| Kaposi's sarcoma on the background of AIDS (numerous malignant skin tumors) | It is selected individually. | |
| Herpes eye | Instill 2 - 3 drops in each eye. Should not be instilled more than 6 - 7 times a day. With a decrease in the severity of symptoms, the number of drops should be reduced to one. The duration of treatment should not exceed 8-10 days. | |
| Treatment or prevention of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) | Intranasally inject 2 - 3 drops of the drug 4 - 5 times a day ( 2 - 3 spray injections). The course of treatment is selected by the attending physician ( depends on the type and severity of the viral disease). As a prophylactic agent, it is used in the form of an ointment. Each nasal passage is lubricated with ointment twice a day during the entire first and third week. In the second week, you need to take a break. It is necessary to apply the ointment throughout the entire period of the epidemic ( winter season). | |
| Cancer tumors | ||
| Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (a group of malignant neoplasms that affects the human lymphatic system) | Activates a special protein p53, which inhibits the further development and division of the cell and prevents its transformation into a cancer cell. In case of significant damage to the DNA of a cell, the p53 protein triggers its programmed death ( apoptosis). | Complex with chemotherapy. Subcutaneously, 5 million units of the drug every other day ( 3 times a week). |
| Renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer) | The weekly dose is 10 to 30 million units of the drug. Take 3-10 million IU three times a week. | |
| Multiple myeloma ( a type of blood cancer) | As supportive therapy. Subcutaneously 4-5 million units three times a week. The course of treatment is selected by the attending physician. | |
| Hairy cell leukemia (malignant lymphocyte disease) | The weekly dose is 6 million units. Apply subcutaneously or intramuscularly 2 million IU three times a week. The duration of treatment is selected in each case individually. | |
| Carcinoid tumors (neuroendocrine tumors that most commonly occur in the gastrointestinal tract) | Subcutaneously 3 - 9 million units three times a week. The treatment regimen should be changed in case of a severe course of the disease - 5 million units of interferon every day. | |
| Carcinoid tumors with metastasis | Subcutaneously 3-4 million units daily. Then the single dosage is increased to 5, 7 and 10 million units ( at intervals of 14 days). | |
| Malignant melanoma (swelling that arises from pigment cells) | Intravenous 20 million units per day 4 - 5 times a week. The course of treatment lasts one month. In the future, they switch to maintenance therapy - 10 million IU three times a week ( subcutaneously). The duration of maintenance therapy is 12 months. | |
| Dysplasia of the cervix (presence of atypical cells in the cervix) | It is selected individually. | |
| Damage to the nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord | ||
| Remitting multiple sclerosis (characterized by periodic weakening and intensification of symptoms) | It inhibits the replacement of nerve cells with connective tissue. Slows down the rate of destruction of the myelin sheath of nerve cells ( special membrane of nerve cell processes). | 8 million units of interferon-1b \u200b\u200bsubcutaneously. The starting dose is 2 million IU, which is gradually increased to 8 million units. It is necessary to take the drug three times a week ( in one day). The course of treatment is selected by the attending physician. |
| Secondary progressive sclerosis | ||
How to use the medication?
Most often, interferon is used in the form of intramuscular or subcutaneous injections. For the prevention and treatment of ARVI, they resort to intranasal use of interferon.Interferon is used in the treatment of the following pathologies:
- viral hepatitis;
- tumor diseases;
- diseases of the central nervous system.
Viral hepatitis
Interferon is used to treat chronic hepatitis. It is often prescribed for therapeutic purposes for hepatitis B, C and D ( delta). The drug can be used by subcutaneous or intravenous injection.For the treatment of hepatitis B, a weekly dosage of 30 to 35 million international units of interferon is provided. It is worth noting that there are two treatment regimens for chronic hepatitis B. The first scheme involves the daily administration of the drug in 5 million units, and in the second scheme, interferon is administered 10 million IU three times a week ( in one day). The duration of therapy is 4-6 months.
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C can be carried out together with another antiviral drug - ribavirin or interferon can be used as monotherapy ( single medication treatment). The weekly dosage is 9-10 million IU. Interferon is administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly, 3 million three times a week. The course of treatment is selected by the attending physician.
It is worth noting that hepatitis D can only occur with hepatitis B. Treatment for hepatitis D involves the use of 15 million units of the drug per week. A single subcutaneous injection of 5 million units ( three times a week). Treatment lasts 3 to 4 months.
Tumor diseases
Quite often, interferon can be prescribed for palliative treatment ( supportive therapy) various cancers.Interferon is used in the treatment of the following neoplastic diseases:
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.Treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma must be done in conjunction with chemotherapy. Typically, interferon is injected subcutaneously at 5 million IU. You need to use the drug 3 times a week ( in one day).
- Hairy cell leukemia.Interferon is used one-time at 3 million units every other day ( three times a week). The medication can be administered both intramuscularly and subcutaneously. The course of treatment is selected by the attending physician.
- Malignant melanoma.The weekly dosage of interferon is 80-100 million units. It is necessary to use the drug 4 - 5 times a week. The duration of treatment is 30 days, after which they switch to maintenance therapy - 10 million units 3 times a week. The course of treatment with maintenance therapy, on average, is 11 - 12 months.
- Carcinoid tumors.Interferon is injected subcutaneously at 3-9 million units 3 times a week. If there is no effect, they switch to another treatment regimen - 5 million units of interferon daily ( 35 million IU per week).
- Carcinoid tumors with metastasis. Treatment is carried out daily in the form of subcutaneous injections of 3-4 million units of interferon. Gradually, every two weeks, a single dose is increased to 5, 7, 10 million units. The course of treatment is selected by the doctor.
- Multiple myeloma.Subcutaneously 5 million units of interferon three times a week. The duration of treatment can only be selected by the attending physician.
- Renal cell carcinoma.Interferon is taken three times a week, 3-10 million units. The course of treatment is individual.
Diseases of the central nervous system
Interferon can also be used to treat certain types of sclerosis. It is most commonly prescribed for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis or secondary progressive sclerosis. Interferon is prescribed 2 million units three times a week. Gradually, a single dosage is increased up to 8 million IU. The duration of treatment can vary greatly depending on the symptoms and severity of the disease.For the treatment and prevention of various acute respiratory viral diseases, interferon is used in the form of a spray or nasal drops. For the treatment of ARVI, a few drops of interferon should be instilled into each nasal passage ( 2 - 3 drops) from 3 to 5 times a day. For the prevention of ARVI, interferon is recommended to be taken throughout the winter period of time. To do this, each nasal passage is lubricated with an ointment that contains interferon 2 to 3 times a day. After the first week of treatment, it is necessary to take a seven-day break, and then again resume taking interferon.
Possible side effects
The use of interferon quite often leads to various adverse reactions. Most often, these reactions occur during the first few weeks of treatment, and then their intensity and frequency gradually decreases. It should be noted that the most common adverse reaction is a flu-like condition with severe headache, fever ( 37 - 38.5 ° C), general malaise and pain in joints and muscles.Interferon can lead to the following adverse reactions:
- disorders of the digestive tract;
- disorders of the nervous system;
- allergic manifestations;
- disorders of the cardiovascular system;
- disorders of the hematopoietic system;
- violations of the upper and lower respiratory tract.
Digestive tract disorders
Interferon is able to irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal system, which is most often manifested by nausea.From the side of the digestive system, the following side effects can be observed:
Also, the toxic effect of interferon on the liver tissue is often observed. This is manifested by an increase in some indicators of biochemical blood tests. As a rule, there is an increase in the level of hepatic transaminases ( enzymes involved in the transformation of certain amino acids).
Nervous system disorders
Interferon often increases their excitability of cells of the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord). Also, interferon can have a negative effect on the visual and auditory analyzer.From the side of the nervous system, the following side effects can be observed:
- anxiety;
- headache;
- dizziness;
- violation of consciousness;
- suicidal thoughts ( seldom);
- hallucinations ( rarely).
Interferon can also affect vision. Irritation of the optic nerve leads to visual impairment. Sometimes taking interferon can be accompanied by inflammation of the ocular mucosa ( conjunctivitis). Conjunctivitis is characterized by symptoms such as swelling of the eyelids and mucous membrane of the eye, itchy eyes, lacrimation, photophobia ( photophobia), as well as redness of the whites of the eyes.
Allergic manifestations
Allergic manifestations occur due to the increased individual sensitivity of the human body to a particular drug. When it enters the human body for the first time, interferon is perceived as an allergen. With the next injections of the drug, various pathological mechanisms are triggered in the body, during which a large amount of histamine is released ( hypersensitivity reaction). Histamine is directly involved in the development of tissue edema and in the appearance of skin rashes.Taking interferon can lead to the following allergic manifestations:
- erythema;
- stevens-Johnson syndrome;
- toxic epidermal necrolysis ( lyell's syndrome).
Erythemarepresents a pronounced redness of the skin. Erythema occurs due to an increase in the permeability of small skin vessels, as a result of which blood flows in large quantities to the skin surface.
Quincke's edemais also a fairly common form of drug allergy, in which the adipose tissue of the skin is affected ( subcutaneous fat). Most often, swelling can occur on the face ( lips, eyelids, cheeks, as well as the oral cavity). Sometimes limbs and genitals may swell. As a rule, in 3 - 4 hours after the onset, the edema disappears without a trace. A rare complication of Quincke's edema is a blockage of the upper airways. This is due to the fact that the swelling spreads from the oral cavity to the lining of the larynx, resulting in suffocation. This condition is extremely dangerous and can lead to coma.
Stevens Johnson Syndromeis an extremely severe form of erythema. This syndrome is characterized by the appearance of large blisters on the mucous membranes ( eyes, pharynx, oral cavity) and on the skin. At the first stage of the disease, as a rule, severe pain occurs in the large joints. Body temperature, in turn, rises up to 39 ° C. After a couple of hours, the general condition worsens sharply, and blisters appear on the mucous membrane of the tongue, cheeks, as well as on the lips, larynx and skin. After opening, very painful and bleeding areas with erosions form in their place.
Toxic epidermal necrolysisis a very life-threatening condition. Already 2 - 4 hours after the introduction of the drug into the body, the general condition of the body deteriorates sharply. The body temperature rises to 39 - 40 ° C. A rash appears on the skin in the form of small dots, which resembles a rash with scarlet fever. In the future, instead of these rashes, rather large bubbles with transparent contents are formed, which quickly open. In place of the blisters, erosive areas of the skin open, which can merge and form large erosions. It should be noted that with toxic epidermal necrolysis, internal organs such as the kidneys, liver, heart and intestines can be affected. If medical assistance is not provided in a timely manner, then people with this pathology very often die.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
In rare cases, interferon can negatively affect the cardiovascular system. Sometimes symptoms such as increased blood pressure ( hypertension), chest pain ( especially behind the sternal), as well as an increase in the number of heartbeats ( tachycardia). This symptomatology occurs due to the increased influence of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart.Disturbances from the hematopoietic system
Sometimes interferon can have a negative effect on blood cells, and sometimes on the hematopoietic organs.Taking interferon can lead to the following disorders of the hematopoietic system:
- leukopenia.
Thrombocytopeniamanifested by a decrease in the total number of platelets ( platelets). Platelets are needed for the normal process of blood clotting ( coagulation). Most often, thrombocytopenia is manifested by bleeding gums. In some cases, thrombocytopenia can lead to severe bleeding in various internal organs ( bleeding in the brain is especially dangerous).
Leukopeniarepresents a decrease in the number of white blood cells ( leukocytes). These cells are able to protect the human body from various pathogens. With leukopenia, a person becomes extremely vulnerable to bacterial infections. This pathological condition often leads to an increase in the size of the spleen and glands ( hypertrophy).
Upper and lower respiratory tract disorders
In some cases, the administration of interferon can lead to symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. The cough appears reflexively due to irritation of the nerve endings of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerve, located in the mucous membrane of the pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi. Shortness of breath can most often occur against the background of anemia, with fever, as well as with various pathologies of the respiratory tract and cardiovascular system.Also, interferon can lead to the following respiratory diseases (rarely):
Sinusitisis an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses. Sinusitis can occur against the background of a runny nose or ARVI ( flu). This pathology is characterized by symptoms such as heaviness in the paranasal sinus, fever, nasal discharge ( thick), painful sensations in the sinus with sharp turns of the head. Most often, maxillary ( maxillary) and frontal sinuses.
Pneumoniais an inflammation of the lung tissue, in which the alveoli are most often affected ( structural and functional elements of the lung, in which the gas exchange process takes place). Depending on the volume of the lesion of the lung tissue, focal ( inflammation of several alveoli), segmental ( inflammatory process within one segment of the lung), share ( damage to one lobe of the lung) and croupous pneumonia ( involvement of both lungs in the process). Pneumonia is characterized by symptoms such as fever, shortness of breath ( appears with the accumulation of inflammatory fluid in the alveoli), chest pain, respiratory failure. With croupous pneumonia, severe intoxication is also observed, which is manifested by headache, dizziness, general malaise and confusion. Most often, uncomplicated pneumonia lasts about a month.
The approximate cost of the medication
The cost of the drug varies greatly depending on the type of interferon. Below is a table showing the average cost of this medication in different cities of Russia.| City | Average cost of interferon | |||
| Lyophilisate for preparing a solution for intranasal administration ( interferon alpha ) | Solution for topical use and inhalation ( interferon alpha) | Solution for subcutaneous or intramuscular injection ( interferon alpha-2b) | Lyophilisate for the preparation of an aqueous solution for intramuscular administration ( interferon beta-1a) | |
| Moscow | 71 rubles | 122 rubles | 1124 rubles | 9905 rubles |
| Kazan | 70 rubles | 120 rubles | 1119 rubles | 9887 rubles |
| Krasnoyarsk | 69 rubles | 119 rubles | 1114 rubles | 9902 rubles |
| Samara | 69 rubles | 119 rubles | 1115 rubles | 9884 rubles |
| Tyumen | 71 rubles | 123 rubles | 1126 rubles | 9917 rubles |
| Chelyabinsk | 74 rubles | 127 rubles | 1152 rubles | 9923 rubles |
It should be noted that for the treatment of remitting multiple sclerosis, as well as secondary progressive sclerosis, recombinant interferon beta-1b ( artificially created using special biotechnology). This type of interferon is obtained on the basis of specific fermentation of bacteria ( e. coli is used, which contains a human gene responsible for the synthesis of interferonbetaser17). The technology for obtaining interferon beta-1b is quite expensive, and therefore the price for it differs significantly from other types of interferon. Recombinant interferon beta-1b can be found in pharmacies at prices ranging from 6,200 rubles to 35,000 rubles ( depends on the number of ampoules in the package).
Human leukocyte interferon is a unique product with pronounced immunomodulatory and immunostimulating capabilities. This drug is able to reduce the growth of tumors, which is achieved due to the presence of interferon alpha in it.
The latter is understood as a group of proteins produced by human blood leukocytes. They help our body fight a large number of viral, fungal, infectious and other diseases.
Indications for use
What helps to cure leukocyte interferon? With proper and timely use, it accelerates recovery in the case of such ailments:
- respiratory system infections;
- bacterial infections;
- immunodeficiency;
- viruses;
- benign and malignant neoplasms;
- renal and hepatic diseases;
- infections of fungal origin;
- pathology of the mucous membranes and eyes.
Leukocyte interferon is used to prevent these health problems and to strengthen the immune system in general.
The drug is included in the complex therapy of many pathologies, and its dosage is prescribed only on an individual basis.
Release forms
Interferon is available in ampoules, in the form of suppositories, ointments and in the form of a dry powder - a lyophilized substance. The latter needs to be diluted with saline, while the substance in ampoules is already ready for use.
pharmachologic effect
Human protein, which is interferon, is able to exert its healing effects immediately after entering the body. It inhibits the activity of pathological microorganisms and increases the protective abilities of the body as a whole.
Due to the latter property, a person who has consumed the powder may have a slight rise in temperature, which is considered an adequate response to an increase in the concentration of interferon in the blood. As you already know, the vast majority of bacteria and viruses die already at 37 degrees.
Interferon for children
- Interferon ampoules
Inhalation based on human protein is quite effective. For them, you need to dissolve the contents of three ampoules in 10 ml of boiled water and do the procedures for irrigating the oral (nasal) cavity twice a day.
- Interferon powder
Having bought the dry form of the drug, the powder in a glass pharmaceutical container must be diluted with two milliliters of warm boiled water. The interval between instillations is 6 hours, while the general course lasts until the threat of virus infection passes.
If human interferon is used for intensive treatment, it must be diluted in the same way (for the powder form), but drip after a couple of hours, again, five drops into each nostril of the child.
- Interferon ointment
Interferon in the form of an ointment is a convenient everyday remedy for viruses. It can be used to treat not only the nostrils, but also the tonsils.
- Interferon candles
As for suppositories, they are often recommended for use in newborns or when the therapeutic effect must be achieved as quickly as possible. Once in the rectum, human interferon instantly enters the bloodstream and begins its healing effect. It is customary to inject the remedy rectally every 12 hours, but not more than five days in a row.
Interferon for adults
- Eye pathologies: the powder is diluted with one milliliter of boiled water and buried under the lower eyelid. The procedure needs to be repeated 10 times a day, while the general course can take two days or a couple of weeks;
- Viral, bacterial and colds of the respiratory tract: the powder is diluted in 2 ml of warm boiled water and on the first day of the illness 1-3 drops are injected into each nostril at intervals of 2 hours. Then interferon is divided into 5 doses maximum;
- Immunodeficiency, as well as the condition with benign and malignant neoplasms, is corrected according to the following scheme: Interferon powder is diluted with saline and injected intramuscularly. If an intravenous injection is needed, sodium chloride is used for dilution.
Contraindications for use
Protein instructions categorically do not recommend including the drug in treatment regimens if the following deviations are available:
- Personal intolerance to the substance in its pure form;
- Increased susceptibility to chicken protein;
- Intolerance to antibiotics;
- Complex organic pathologies;
- Dysfunction of the central nervous system;
- Malfunctions of the liver, thyroid gland or kidneys;
- Chronic hepatitis;
- Cirrhosis of the liver;
- Taking sedatives or immunosuppressants;
- Use of strong hypnotics or opioid analgesics.
Interferon and alcohol
Dry powder is unacceptable for use in a company with alcohol.
Alcohol greatly diminishes the positive properties that drugs based on it carry with them, and provokes a large number of side effects in the form of:
- vomiting and nausea;
- depression;
- headaches and dizziness;
- rapid heartbeat;
- suppressing appetite;
- suicidal conditions;
- changes in liver function, etc.
The most interesting thing is that the effect of synthetically produced protein on the human body has not yet been fully studied, and doctors are finding new indications for its use. A logical conclusion follows from this: the consequences of taking the drug in tablets or intramuscularly, supplemented by alcohol consumption, can be completely unpredictable, and it is good if everything ends with allergies or one-time vomiting.
We will analyze the properties of the drug, indications for its purpose, instructions for use, etc.
Characteristics of the drug
Leukocyte human interferon (international name - interferon alpha) is available in two forms - a solution for inhalation and intranasal administration and a dry lyophilized powder (sometimes compressed into tablets). The liquid form has a shade from colorless to light pink, dry - from white to pinkish.
Human leukocytic interferon (Interferon leukocytic human) is a complex of proteins that are synthesized by leukocytes of donated blood under the influence of the interferon inducer virus. They are purified by ultra- and microfiltration methods.
Analogues of this immunomodulatory drug:
The tool can be used in combination with other medicines. The drug is dispensed without a doctor's prescription and is valid for 2 years from the date of manufacture. It must be stored in a cool, dark (2-8 degrees above zero) place protected from light. Keep out of the reach of children!
Average prices for human leukocyte interferon are relatively low. So, in most pharmacies, a pack of 10 ampoules of the drug will cost one ruble.
Composition of the preparation
1 ml of liquid human leukocyte interferon contains:
- Interferon alphaME.
- Sodium chloride - 0.09 mg.
- Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate - 0.06 mg.
- Sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate - 0.003 mg.
- Distilled water for injection - about 1 ml.
Pharmacological properties
This immunomodulatory drug belongs to the pharmacological group of cytokines. Its properties are distinguished as follows:
- Immunostimulation - makes the immune response stronger.
- Immunomodulation - normalizes the immune status.
- Antibacterial effect - fight against various types of mixed infections.
- Antiviral action - helps the body to resist diseases such as herpes, flu, adenoviral diseases.
- Anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor effect.
Dry and liquid product is non-toxic, sterile, harmless when administered through the respiratory tract. In this case, the use of powder for injection is prohibited.
Indications for use
Human leukocyte interferon is used both for the prevention of acute viral infections and for the treatment of early forms of disease with initial symptoms.
Indications can be divided into three main groups:
- Intranasal administration: preventive measures and treatment of ARVI, influenza.
- Parenteral administration: genital warts, hepatitis B and C, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, malignant melanoma, multiple myeloma, renal carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients (not suffering from acute infections at this time), hairy cell leukemia, fungal mycosis.
- Rectal administration: therapy of chronic and acute viral hepatitis.
Also, the drug will be effective for:
- chronic myeloid leukemia;
- primary and secondary thrombocytosis;
- transitional stage of chronic granulocytic leukemia, myelofibrosis;
- reticulosarcoma;
- multiple sclerosis.
Contraindications
Instructions for the use of human leukocyte interferon indicate the following contraindications to the use of the drug:
- Epilepsy.
- Dysfunction of the central nervous system.
- Dysfunction of the kidneys and liver, hematopoietic system.
- Organic heart disease.
- Chronic hepatitis in individuals whose recent treatment has consisted of immunosuppressive drugs.
- Diseases of the thyroid gland.
- Chronic hepatitis.
- Cirrhosis of the liver with signs of liver failure.
- Pregnancy and lactation.
- Allergy.
- Increased individual sensitivity to the active ingredient - interferon alpha, as well as to all preparations of protein origin, to chicken and eggs.
The drug is dangerous to take in the following cases:
- The expiration date has expired.
- The integrity of the packaging has been compromised.
- There is no marking on the container.
Dosage and administration
Instructions for the use of human leukocyte interferon prescribe:
- For children under 3 years of age, inject the drug only intranasally (spray, instillation).
- Children from 3 years old, adults are additionally allowed inhalation.
Intranasal administration. The ampoule with the medicine is opened immediately before use. Then cooled boiled or sterile distilled water is added to it strictly up to the line of 2 ml on the capsule. The product is gently shaken until completely dissolved.
The drug is instilled into the nose using a syringe without a needle or a medical pipette. Another method is spraying: you can use both a third-party spray bottle and the one that comes with the drug. The nozzle is put on the syringe without a needle, then brought close to the nasal passage or going into it about 0.5 cm. Spraying occurs by pressing the syringe plunger. In this case, the patient should sit with his head thrown up.
- Prevention: applied throughout the risk of infection. Instillation - 5 drops, spraying - 0.25 ml into each nasal passage. The manipulation is carried out up to 2 times per day with an interval of at least 6 hours.
- Treatment: when the first signs of the disease appear. 5 drops or 0.25 mg in each nostril. The procedure is repeated up to 5 times a day with an interval of 1-2 hours.
Human leukocyte interferon for children and adults is administered in equal doses.
Inhalation. Inhaled use is considered to be more effective. For it, you need to purchase an inhaler from any manufacturer. One procedure requires the contents of three capsules, which should be dissolved in 10 ml of water heated to 37 degrees. In this way, the drug is administered through the mouth and nose twice a day for 2-3 days.
It is prohibited to inject the product by injection!
Side effects
When using this immunomodulatory drug, the following side effects are possible:
- From the gastrointestinal tract: change in taste, dry mouth, flatulence, constipation, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, loss of appetite. In rare cases, liver dysfunction.
- From the side of the central nervous system: ataxia, drowsiness or sleep disturbance, impaired consciousness, depression, nervousness.
- From the heart and blood vessels: arrhythmia, arterial hypotension.
- Dermatological consequences: skin rash, slight alopecia, erythema, dry skin.
- Flu-like syndrome: weakness, fever, myalgia, headache.
- Other: granulocytopenia, feeling of weakness, lethargy, weight loss, blurred vision, dizziness.
special instructions
It should be used with caution when:
- Recently suffered myocardial infarction.
- Myelodepression, changes in blood clotting.
- Elderly patients who have been diagnosed with side effects from the central nervous system when using high doses of the drug. It may even be worth stopping treatment.
- Patients with hepatitis C should be tested for TSH levels in the blood before treatment. Only at normal rates can interferon therapy be started. In other cases, thyroid dysfunction is possible.
- Combination with opioid analgesics, hypnotics, sedatives.
Human leukocyte interferon is an effective immunostimulating anti-infective agent. It has a number of features of use and contraindications, therefore, before use, familiarity with the instructions is necessary.
Interferon: instructions for use, price and analogues
Interferon is an antiviral and immunomodulatory drug.
The active ingredient of this pharmacological preparation is human leukocyte interferon. This is the name of a group of proteins of alpha interferon, which are synthesized by blood leukocytes in the human body.
The drug is well tolerated by the human body and has practically no contraindications. This explains the fact that Interferon is often prescribed to infants.
The manufacturer of Interferon is the Russian pharmaceutical company OJSC Biomed.
In accordance with the requirements of the instructions for use, the drug must be stored in a dark and dry place at a temperature of 2 to 10 degrees Celsius.
Subject to the storage conditions, the shelf life declared by the manufacturer of Interferon is 2 years from the date of issue indicated on the package.
It is forbidden to use this pharmacological agent for treatment after its expiration date.
Release form and price
Interferon is currently available in two forms:
The dry form of release is a freeze-dried porous powder of pinkish or white color.
Both forms are packed in glass ampoules. One package of medicine contains 10 ampoules.
The concentration of the antiviral drug is 1000 IU.
Interferon is distinguished by affordable prices. Of course, in different pharmacies, the cost of this pharmacological agent will differ. But in general, we can talk about the availability of this drug for a wide range of consumers.
Currently, the price of Interferon in pharmacies ranges from 70 to 130 rubles.
Indications for use and pharmacological properties
In accordance with the instructions for use, Interferon is prescribed for preventive measures and the treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections (acute respiratory viral infections).
In addition, this drug, as prescribed by a doctor, is used for other diseases of a viral and oncological nature. In such cases, Interferon has proven effectiveness and excellent reviews from the medical community. Such diseases include:
- hepatitis B and C;
- fungal mycosis;
- hairy cell leukemia;
- reticulosarcoma;
- chronic myeloid leukemia;
- kidney cancer;
- multiple myeloma;
- secondary immunodeficiencies.
In addition, this medication is widely used in the treatment of infectious catarrhal rhinitis (rhinitis). The thing is that, according to statistics, the vast majority of rhinitis has a viral etiology.
A huge plus is the possibility of using Interferon to treat children, starting from the first days of their life.
The drug has a wide range of antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. Its pharmacological action is based on increasing resistance, that is, the body's immunity to the effects of pathogenic viruses.
The use of Interferon for the treatment of severe viral and oncological diseases is carried out under the strict supervision of the attending physician, who prescribes a specific therapeutic and therapeutic course.
As for the treatment of acute respiratory viral diseases and the common cold with Interferon, two simple rules must be remembered:
- it should be used when the first symptoms (flu and rhinitis) are detected;
- it is applied intranasally, that is, in the form of drops, it is buried in the nasal passages.
The sooner treatment is started, the higher the chance of preventing the development of the disease.
The dosage of Interferon for children and adults is the same.
In the prevention of ARVI and runny nose, 5 drops of the medicine should be instilled into each nostril twice a day.
The interval between instillations should be at least 6 hours.
Taking the drug should be started two weeks before the expected start of the SARS and influenza season. In the conditions of the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, this season coincides with the autumn-winter period.
In the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and a cold, 5 drops of the medicine should be instilled into each nostril 5-8 times a day.
The interval between taking drops should be 1-2 hours.
The duration of the therapeutic and therapeutic course is 2-3 days. If after this time the symptoms of the disease (ARVI or runny nose) persist, you should stop taking Interferon and seek further instructions from your doctor.
Preparation of nose drops
The instruction for Interferon contains a detailed description of the preparation process for nasal drops.
The ampoule with the medicine must be opened immediately before use.
Dilute the powder with distilled and boiled water to a line corresponding to 2 ml.
When properly prepared, the resulting nasal drops from ARVI and runny nose are a colorless transparent liquid (a faint yellow or pink tint may be present).
Contraindications, overdose and side effects
Contraindications for the use of Interferon are:
- hypersensitivity and individual intolerance to antibiotics and chicken proteins;
- the presence of cardiovascular diseases;
- the presence of liver cirrhosis;
- the presence of kidney disease;
- the presence of epilepsy.
To date, there have been no cases of overdose of this pharmacological drug.
Interferon does not cause side effects in adults and children.
During pregnancy and lactation
Interferon during pregnancy and lactation can be used in accordance with the requirements of the annotation without any restrictions.
Analogs
Currently, such analogues of Interferon are produced:
For more information read the article "Antiviral nose drops".
Remember, only a qualified doctor can choose from the given analogs the appropriate drug in each specific case.
Efficiency and feedback
Interferon is a very commonly prescribed and used drug with excellent reviews.
Nevertheless, it should be noted that its effectiveness has been proven in the treatment of severe viral and oncological diseases. In the treatment of ARVI and rhinitis, its effectiveness has not been officially confirmed. This is evidenced by numerous reviews of practicing doctors.
However, there is a large group of experts who recommend using it for ARVI and runny nose.
Dear reader, if you have used Interferon before, please leave a review on our website. Your opinion and experience will help many people find a medicine.
It's funny that he is prescribed for any ARI. As if it would help. And for prevention. Although there is definitely no point in drinking it for prevention, the spectrum of action is too narrow. Better honey with milk at night to drink more sense.
A very effective drug for diseases of viral etiology, in conditions of strict adherence to the dosage and the interval between intronasal instillations.
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Interferon
Prices in online pharmacies:
Interferon is a drug that enhances the body's immune defenses.
Available in the form of lyophilized powder for injection, liquid solution and rectal suppositories.
Pharmacological action of Interferon
In accordance with the instructions for Interferon, 1 ampoule of dry lyophilized powder contains a mixture of various types of natural alpha-interferon of human leukocytes 1000ME.
The composition of 1 ml of liquid solution of Interferon Alpha includes a mixture of subtypes of natural alpha-interferon from human donor blood 1000ME.
1 candle of Interferon contains a mixture of various types of natural alpha-interferon of human leukocytes 40000 IU.
The instructions for Interferon indicate that the drug is one of the factors produced by the body (protein), which prevents the body from damaging viral infections.
Human interferon is a group of endogenous proteins that are produced by leukocytes of human donor blood under the influence of various viruses.
Interferon Alpha is a highly purified sterile protein, which contains 165 amino acids. The drug is created by genetic engineering, through recombinant DNA. The drug has an antitumor effect. When using Interferon, fluctuations in the concentration of the active substance of the drug in the blood serum are observed.
This drug has antiviral, immunostimulating and antiproliferative activity.
The antiviral effect is due to an increase in the resistance of body cells free from viral infections to possible effects. By binding to specific receptors on the cell surface, the active substance of the drug changes the properties of the cell membrane, while stimulating specific enzymes; affects the RNA of the virus, thereby dulling its replication.
The immunostimulating effect of human interferon of all forms of release is due to the stimulation of the activity of NK cells and macrophages, which are involved in the body's immune response to tumor cells.
The drug is excreted from the body through the kidneys.
Interferon is effectively used for children and adults.
Indications for use
Interferon Alpha is prescribed for the treatment of Kaloshi's sarcoma (a disease of the vascular bed of the skin, which is accompanied by neoplasm of blood vessels, their swelling and proliferation) in AIDS patients, as well as for the treatment of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, kidney and bladder cancer, melanoma, shingles.
Human interferon is used to treat chronic and acute viral hepatitis (inflammation of the liver tissue caused by a virus). Effectively is the use of Interferon in the form of suppositories in the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
Local application (in the nose or eyes) of the Interferon solution for children and adults is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of influenza, ARVI, conjunctivitis, keratouveitis and keratitis.
Method of administration and dosage
Interferon is used in the form of a solution prepared on the basis of boiled or distilled water at room temperature. To do this, pour water into the open ampoule up to the mark that corresponds to 2 ml. After that, the ampoule must be shaken until the powder is completely dissolved. After dilution, the solution turns red; it should be stored in a cool place for no more than 48 hours. In each nasal entrance, 5 drops of the solution should be injected 2 times a day. The interval between application is at least 6 hours.
The most effective is the inhalation method of using Interferon. To do this, the contents of 3 ampoules should be dissolved in 10 ml of water and heated to a temperature not exceeding 37 degrees. Frequency rate of procedures - 2 times a day. The duration of treatment is 2-3 days.
For the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, according to the instructions, Interferon must be used when the first signs of the disease appear.
Before starting treatment with Interferon Alpha, the susceptibility of the microflora that caused the disease should be determined. For the treatment of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, an initial dose of BME is prescribed for daily subcutaneous or intramuscular administration for 4-6 months. The maintenance dose is equal to ME for intramuscular administration 3 times a week. Treatment must be carried out under the supervision of a physician.
For the treatment of Galoshi's sarcoma in AIDS patients, an initial dose of ME is prescribed intramuscularly. The duration of therapy is 2-3 months. A maintenance dose of ME is administered daily 3 times a week.
The course of therapy with interferon rectal suppositories should not exceed 15 days. The dose of the drug is prescribed individually and adjusted by the attending physician.
Side effects of Interferon
During the use of the drug, side effects may occur such as head and muscle pain, lethargy, fever, sweating, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight, flatulence, constipation, nausea, heartburn, liver dysfunction, hepatitis.
The active substance, which is part of Interferon of all forms of release, can cause visual disturbances, sleep disturbances, depression, increased peristalsis, itching, skin rash, ischemic retinopathy, dizziness, nervousness, joint pain.
Contraindications for use
Interferon of all forms of release is not prescribed to patients who have:
- Severe heart disease;
- Dysfunctions of the kidneys, liver and central nervous system;
- Epilepsy;
- Cirrhosis of the liver;
- Chronic and autoimmune hepatitis;
- Diseases of the thyroid gland;
- Hypersensitivity to drug components.
Overdose
In case of an overdose of Interferon from the body, allergic reactions may occur, accompanied by a skin rash, hives, itching, peeling of the skin, redness.
Additional Information
With caution, it is necessary to take the drug simultaneously with opioid analgesics, sedatives and hypnotics.
The instructions for Interferon indicate that it is necessary to store the drug in a dark, cool, dry place out of the reach of children. The shelf life of powder for solution preparation is 1 year, liquid solution - 2 years, candles - 2 years.
Dispensed from pharmacies with a prescription from your doctor.
Human leukocyte interferon 1000ME No. 10 ampoules
Interferon leukocyte people N10
Human leukocyte interferon liquid 1000IU / ml 5ml No. 1 bottle
Interferon human leukocyte liquid solution 1000 IU / ml 5 ml
Interferon leukocyte liquid 1000 IU / ml 5 ml N1 vial with dropper
Each person at least several times in his life has come across such an unpleasant disease as a runny nose. Most often, a stuffy nose with p.
Why am I losing weight for no reason? What are the consequences of the disease? Do I need to see a doctor or will it go away by itself? Everyone should know Thu.
Many people are interested in this question. If more recently the bathhouse was considered 100% useful, then recently a number of concerns have appeared, pod.
What we eat every day begins to excite us at the moment when the doctor makes an unexpected diagnosis of "atherosclerosis" or "ischemic pain.
A smear for oncocytology (Pap test, Pap test) is a method of microscopic examination of cells that are taken from the surface of w.
Each person can prevent the penetration and development of various infections, the main thing is to know the main dangers that lie in wait on the site.
When using materials from the site, the active reference is obligatory.
Interferon. Instructions for the drug, application, price, release form
The site provides background information. Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious doctor.
Definition of the medication
Types of medication, commercial names of analogues, release forms
The mechanism of the therapeutic action of the drug
- antiviral action;
- antitumor action.
The antiviral effect of interferon lies in its ability to inhibit the process of virus multiplication in the cells of the human body (virus replication). Interferons are cellular regulators of immunity, which are produced when the virus enters the body. Further, by binding to specific receptors (signaling molecules on the cell surface), interferon triggers a number of processes. By acting on a special enzyme, oligoadenylate cyclase, interferon prevents the virus from penetrating into nearby cells, and also inhibits the production and release of viral particles. In fact, these cytokines not only block viral replication, but also inhibit the production of cellular proteins. In addition, interferon is able to affect the genetic material of human cells (DNA), which ultimately also increases the barrier function of cells against viral infection. Also, interferons stimulate the release of the immunoproteosome protein and the histocompatibility complex, which leads to the activation of cells of the immune system (T-helpers, macrophages, T-killers). In some cases, in severely damaged cells under the influence of interferon, apoptosis (programmed death of the affected cell) occurs.
What pathologies is it prescribed for?
(a disease caused by the human papillomavirus)
(numerous malignant skin tumors)
(a group of malignant neoplasms that affects the human lymphatic system)
(malignant lymphocyte disease)
(neuroendocrine tumors that most commonly occur in the gastrointestinal tract)
(a tumor that arises from pigment cells)
(presence of atypical cells in the cervix)
(characterized by periodic weakening and intensification of symptoms)
How to use the medication?
- viral hepatitis;
- tumor diseases;
- diseases of the central nervous system.
Viral hepatitis
Tumor diseases
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma must be done in conjunction with chemotherapy. Typically, interferon is injected subcutaneously at 5 million IU. You need to use the drug 3 times a week (every other day).
- Hairy cell leukemia. Interferon is used one-time at 3 million units every other day (three times a week). The medication can be administered both intramuscularly and subcutaneously. The course of treatment is selected by the attending physician.
- Malignant melanoma. The weekly dosage of interferon is 80-100 million units. It is necessary to use the drug 4 - 5 times a week. The duration of treatment is 30 days, after which they switch to maintenance therapy - 10 million units 3 times a week. The course of treatment with the use of maintenance therapy, on average, is 11 - 12 months.
- Carcinoid tumors. Interferon is injected subcutaneously at 3-9 million units 3 times a week. If there is no effect, they switch to another treatment regimen - 5 million units of interferon daily (35 million IU per week).
- Carcinoid tumors with metastasis. Treatment is carried out daily in the form of subcutaneous injections of 3-4 million units of interferon. Gradually, every two weeks, a single dose is increased to 5, 7, 10 million units. The course of treatment is selected by the doctor.
- Multiple myeloma. Subcutaneously 5 million units of interferon three times a week. The duration of treatment can only be selected by the attending physician.
- Renal cell carcinoma. Interferon is taken three times a week, 3-10 million units. The course of treatment is individual.
Diseases of the central nervous system
Possible side effects
- disorders of the digestive tract;
- disorders of the nervous system;
- allergic manifestations;
- disorders of the cardiovascular system;
- disorders of the hematopoietic system;
- violations of the upper and lower respiratory tract.
Digestive tract disorders
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- diarrhea;
- constipation;
- abdominal pain.
Also, the toxic effect of interferon on the liver tissue is often observed. This is manifested by an increase in some indicators of biochemical blood tests. As a rule, there is an increase in the level of hepatic transaminases (enzymes involved in the transformation of some amino acids).
Nervous system disorders
- depression;
- anxiety;
- headache;
- migraine;
- dizziness;
- insomnia;
- violation of consciousness;
- suicidal thoughts (rare);
- hallucinations (very rare).
Irritation of the nerve cells that make up the vestibular auditory nerve can lead to painful sensations in the ears or manifest as tinnitus (tinnitus). In the future, the severity of these symptoms gradually decreases.
Allergic manifestations
- hives;
- erythema;
- quincke's edema;
- stevens-Johnson syndrome;
- toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome).
Hives are the most common form of drug allergy. With hives, a rash appears on the skin in the form of flat raised, severely itchy blisters. These blisters are very similar to the blisters that appear with nettle burns. Hives can appear on almost any area of \u200b\u200bthe skin. Sometimes hives are accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Disturbances from the hematopoietic system
- anemia;
- thrombocytopenia;
- leukopenia.
Anemia, or anemia, is a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells (red blood cells) and hemoglobin (a protein that is involved in the transport of gases). Anemia is characterized by a perversion of taste and smell (change in taste habits, addiction to unpleasant odors), damage to the mucous membrane of the upper digestive system (oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus), headache and dizziness. Also, anemia can lead to fainting. Often, against the background of anemia, damage to the skin, nails, and hair occurs.
Upper and lower respiratory tract disorders
- sinusitis;
- pneumonia.
Sinusitis is inflammation of the lining of the paranasal sinuses. Sinusitis can occur against the background of a cold or ARVI (flu). This pathology is characterized by symptoms such as heaviness in the paranasal sinus, fever, nasal discharge (thick), painful sensations in the sinus with sharp turns of the head. Most often, the maxillary (maxillary) and frontal sinuses are involved in the inflammatory process.
The approximate cost of the medication
It should be noted that recombinant interferon beta-1b (artificially created using special biotechnologies) is used to treat relapsing multiple sclerosis, as well as secondary progressive sclerosis. This type of interferon is obtained on the basis of the specific fermentation of bacteria (E. coli is used, which contains the human gene responsible for the synthesis of interferon betaser17). The technology for obtaining interferon beta-1b is quite expensive, and therefore the price for it differs significantly from other types of interferon. Recombinant interferon beta-1b can be found in pharmacies at a price of 6,200 rubles to rubles (depending on the number of ampoules in the package).
Interferon is a drug that enhances the body's immune defenses.
Available in the form of lyophilized powder for injection, liquid solution and rectal suppositories.
Pharmacological action of Interferon
In accordance with the instructions for Interferon, 1 ampoule of dry lyophilized powder contains a mixture of various types of natural alpha-interferon of human leukocytes 1000ME.
The composition of 1 ml of liquid solution of Interferon Alpha includes a mixture of subtypes of natural alpha-interferon from human donor blood 1000ME.
1 candle of Interferon contains a mixture of various types of natural alpha-interferon of human leukocytes 40000 IU.
The instructions for Interferon indicate that the drug is one of the factors produced by the body (protein), which prevents the body from damaging viral infections.
Human interferon is a group of endogenous proteins that are produced by leukocytes of human donor blood under the influence of various viruses.
Interferon Alpha is a highly purified sterile protein, which contains 165 amino acids. The drug is created by genetic engineering, through recombinant DNA. The drug has an antitumor effect. When using Interferon, fluctuations in the concentration of the active substance of the drug in the blood serum are observed.
This drug has antiviral, immunostimulating and antiproliferative activity.
The antiviral effect is due to an increase in the resistance of body cells free from viral infections to possible effects. By binding to specific receptors on the cell surface, the active substance of the drug changes the properties of the cell membrane, while stimulating specific enzymes; affects the RNA of the virus, thereby dulling its replication.
The immunostimulating effect of human interferon of all forms of release is due to the stimulation of the activity of NK cells and macrophages, which are involved in the body's immune response to tumor cells.
The drug is excreted from the body through the kidneys.
Interferon is effectively used for children and adults.
Indications for use
Interferon Alpha is prescribed for the treatment of Kaloshi's sarcoma (a disease of the vascular bed of the skin, which is accompanied by neoplasm of blood vessels, their swelling and proliferation) in AIDS patients, as well as for the treatment of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, kidney and bladder cancer, melanoma, shingles.
Human interferon is used to treat chronic and acute viral hepatitis (inflammation of the liver tissue caused by a virus). Effectively is the use of Interferon in the form of suppositories in the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
Local application (in the nose or eyes) of the Interferon solution for children and adults is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of influenza, ARVI, conjunctivitis, keratouveitis and keratitis.
Method of administration and dosage
Interferon is used in the form of a solution prepared on the basis of boiled or distilled water at room temperature. To do this, pour water into the open ampoule up to the mark that corresponds to 2 ml. After that, the ampoule must be shaken until the powder is completely dissolved. After dilution, the solution turns red; it should be stored in a cool place for no more than 48 hours. In each nasal entrance, 5 drops of the solution should be injected 2 times a day. The interval between application is at least 6 hours.
The most effective is the inhalation method of using Interferon. To do this, the contents of 3 ampoules should be dissolved in 10 ml of water and heated to a temperature not exceeding 37 degrees. Frequency rate of procedures - 2 times a day. The duration of treatment is 2-3 days.
For the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, according to the instructions, Interferon must be used when the first signs of the disease appear.
Before starting treatment with Interferon Alpha, the susceptibility of the microflora that caused the disease should be determined. For the treatment of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, an initial dose of 3000000 IU is prescribed for daily subcutaneous or intramuscular administration for 4-6 months. The maintenance dose is 3000000 IU for intramuscular administration 3 times a week. Treatment must be carried out under the supervision of a physician.
For the treatment of Galoshi's sarcoma in AIDS patients, an initial dose of 36000000 IU is prescribed intramuscularly. The duration of therapy is 2-3 months. A maintenance dose of 36000000 IU is administered daily 3 times a week.
The course of therapy with interferon rectal suppositories should not exceed 15 days. The dose of the drug is prescribed individually and adjusted by the attending physician.
Side effects of Interferon
During the use of the drug, side effects may occur such as head and muscle pain, lethargy, fever, sweating, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight, flatulence, constipation, nausea, heartburn, liver dysfunction, hepatitis.
The active substance, which is part of Interferon of all forms of release, can cause visual disturbances, sleep disturbances, depression, increased peristalsis, itching, skin rash, ischemic retinopathy, dizziness, nervousness, joint pain.
Contraindications for use
Interferon of all forms of release is not prescribed to patients who have:
- Severe heart disease;
- Dysfunctions of the kidneys, liver and central nervous system;
- Epilepsy;
- Cirrhosis of the liver;
- Chronic and autoimmune hepatitis;
- Diseases of the thyroid gland;
- Hypersensitivity to drug components.
Overdose
In case of an overdose of Interferon from the body, allergic reactions may occur, accompanied by a skin rash, hives, itching, peeling of the skin, redness.
Additional Information
With caution, it is necessary to take the drug simultaneously with opioid analgesics, sedatives and hypnotics.
The instructions for Interferon indicate that it is necessary to store the drug in a dark, cool, dry place out of the reach of children. The shelf life of powder for solution preparation is 1 year, liquid solution - 2 years, candles - 2 years.
Dispensed from pharmacies with a prescription from your doctor.
For children from the neonatal period (from birth), the drug is administered intranasally (by spraying or instillation). For children from 3 years old and adults - additionally in the form of inhalation.
Intranasal
The ampoule with the drug is opened immediately before use. Sterile distilled or boiled water cooled to room temperature is added to the ampoule until the line indicated on the ampoule, corresponding to 2 ml, gently shake until the contents are completely dissolved. The dissolved preparation is a clear or slightly opalescent liquid, colorless or from light yellow to pink. The dissolved drug can be stored at 2 to 8 ° C for 1 day.
The drug is used by instillation (with a medical pipette or syringe without a needle) or spraying. Spraying can be done with any spray system or with the supplied spray nozzle.
For prophylaxis, the introduction of the drug should be started at an imminent threat of infection and continued as long as the risk of infection persists. The drug is used intranasally by instilling 5 drops or spraying 0.25 ml into each nasal passage 2 times a day with an interval of at least 6 hours.
For treatment, the drug is used at an early stage of the disease when the first clinical symptoms appear intranasally, 0.25 ml (5 drops) in each nasal passage after 1-2 hours at least 5 times a day. The earlier its use is started, the higher the effectiveness of the drug.
Rules for using the spray nozzle:
Put the needle on the syringe, fill it with the dissolved drug in a volume of 0.25 ml (mark 10 on a scale of 40 units or mark 25 on a scale of 100 units). Remove the needle and fit the spray nozzle firmly. Bring the spray nozzle close to the nasal passage and inject the drug into the nasal passage by pressing the syringe plunger. Remove the spray nozzle, put on the needle and draw 0.25 ml of the drug from the ampoule into the syringe. Remove the needle, put the spray nozzle firmly on again and inject the drug into the other nasal passage in accordance with point 3.
The spray nozzle is inserted at a depth of 0.5 cm into the nasal passages, previously cleared of mucus. In this case, the patient should be in a sitting position with his head slightly thrown back and remain in this position for 1 minute after administration of the drug. It is allowed to use one tip on only one patient.
special instructions
The introduction of the drug by injection is strictly prohibited.
Use with caution for persons with allergic diseases.
Application in pediatrics
For children from the neonatal period (from birth), the drug is applied by spraying and instillation.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
There are no data on the experience of use in pregnant women. Therefore, the drug is used as directed by a doctor, taking into account the ratio of the expected benefit to the mother and the possible risk to the fetus and child.
There are no restrictions on use during lactation.
Features of influencedrug for the ability to drive a vehicle and potentially dangerous machinery
Does not affect.
Features of the effect of the drug in persons with impaired liver and kidney function and in gerontological practice
No specific features of the drug use in persons with impaired liver and kidney function have been identified. No specific features of use in gerontological practice have been identified
