Causes and treatment of edematous disease in piglets. What are the infectious diseases in pigs? Three week old piglets swollen eyes cause

Mumps newborn is a type of disease characterized by inflammation salivary glands. In children of the first month of life, this pathology occurs due to weakened immunity or hereditary predisposition. Also, a baby can catch this infection in a maternity hospital if hygiene measures are not followed. With this disease, the child becomes infected with glandular organs, including nervous system. Complications are also possible in the absence of treatment.

It is known that this viral disease very dangerous, especially for a newborn. Incubation period lasts an average of 9 to 26 days. During this time, the child may not show any signs of illness.

During these days, the mumps virus of newborns is fixed in the upper respiratory tract.

The kids are talking! My 2.5 year old son loves garbage trucks. Recently he says so affectionately:
- Mommy, you're my garbage truck.
Apparently, in his understanding, this is a mega-compliment!

The reasons that led to the infection of a child with mumps up to a year:

• infected person;
• non-compliance with the hygiene of the newborn;
• lack of proper child care;
• contacts with sick people or carriers of mumps;
• poor handling of household items.

Parents in the piggy bank! The incubation period of mumps in newborns is not accompanied by symptoms. Therefore, it is very difficult to determine in advance the presence of a pathogen in a newborn, and begin treatment. It is necessary to strictly adhere to preventive measures.

Mumps parotitis in children under one year old: symptoms

A few days after the start of the incubation period, the mumps virus in newborns enters the bloodstream and begins to manifest itself with the following symptoms:

• Occurs mostly in the evening sharp rise temperatures up to 38-39 degrees.
• Intoxication occurs, accompanied by malaise, loss of strength and lethargy of the newborn.
• There are muscle and joint pains, and in a newborn it can manifest itself in the form of loud piercing crying.
• During the day, the parotid gland increases. After some time, inflammation of the submandibular gland appears.

Also, the child may experience dry mouth and painful swelling of the mucosa.

Attention! Complications of mumps in children can manifest as testicular lesions in boys. In girls, oophoritis occurs, since the genitals also consist of glandular tissue. Possible occurrence of meningitis in a newborn, along with which it worsens general state child.

See our video for more details.

How to cure parotitis in newborns: the right therapy

Before proceeding with the treatment of infectious parotitis of the newborn, it is necessary to accurately diagnose the disease, assess the age of the child, and only then make an appointment. Diagnosis - parotitis in newborns - is carried out objective method. The doctor makes an examination, listens to the complaints of the parents. The possibility of infecting an infant from a sick family member is also taken into account.

After a preventive examination, the specialist conducts laboratory diagnostics: prescribes urine, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid tests. The results of the studies will give an accurate result no later than the fifth day of illness. Other procedures are used to determine the presence of the virus in soft tissues newborn. Based on positive data and confirmation of progressive parotitis of the infant, a special therapy is prescribed, which includes several stages:

Important! Make sure your baby doesn't get allergic reactions since the start of treatment. If you notice any changes, be sure to inform the medical staff. It may be necessary to replace the drug with a more gentle analogue and conduct an intolerance analysis.

In case of damage to the meninges of the brain (meningitis of the newborn), strict inpatient treatment and the use of glucocorticosteroid therapy are prescribed. These drugs prevent swelling of the brain and compression of nerve endings.

Children's humor! Dasha (11 years old) was reading Mark Twain's The Prince and the Pauper. But due to the large amount of royal speech in the book (and after monotonous reading), after half an hour the child issued:
- Mom, it seems that you read Old Slavonic!!!
I was shocked. Then we switched to audiobooks.

Rehabilitation and preventionand parotitis of newborns

After the illness, the baby develops strong immunity. However, for some time it is necessary to adhere to rehabilitation measures: the child is observed for two years from the moment of recovery. As a preventive measure, it is necessary to vaccinate a newborn against mumps. To avoid infection with mumps, sick patients are isolated from infants for at least 10 days.

Please note that vaccination is absolutely safe for the baby, as it is carried out taking into account possible contraindications. Epidemiological mumps cannot be stopped by vaccination.

If parotitis appears in children of the first year of life, then it is recommended to use modern treatment With effective drugs. Do not try to alleviate the symptoms of mumps in an infant with folk remedies. This will not only not bring the desired result, but also cause various complications.

At the end of the publication, see the features of the course of the disease.

Infectious diseases of pigs pose a particular danger to the farm. They spread at lightning speed, so that in a short time the virus can cover a large part of the livestock. In this case, the farmer is doomed to suffer great losses. He must have at least basic information about what infectious diseases occur in pigs, and how they manifest themselves. This knowledge will help him respond in time and protect the livestock from the spread of infection.

Types of infectious diseases of pigs

Infectious diseases are caused by various pathogens - viruses, bacteria, pathogenic fungi. They enter the body of the animal through the digestive tract, microdamages on the skin, sexually. The main characteristics of infectious diseases are as follows:

1. They are able to quickly be transmitted to healthy individuals.
2. The course of diseases usually has several stages - latent, precursors, acute, recovery stage.
3. After recovery, immunity to the pathogen is formed, thanks to the antibodies that are produced in the blood of the ill animal.

Most often, pigs become infected with such infectious diseases:

• Viral gastroenteritis.
• Erysipelas.
• circovirus infection.
• Paratyphoid.
• Aujeszky's disease.
• Edema disease of piglets.
• Dysentery.
• parvovirus infection.
• Leptospirosis in pigs.

To have an idea about the causative agents of these ailments, their manifestations and prognosis, we will consider each item in detail.

Viral gastroenteritis

Transmissible gastroenteritis is caused by the coronavirus. Getting into the digestive tract of pigs, it provokes the occurrence of inflammation of the gastric mucosa.

Infection of animals occurs mainly in the alimentary way during a watering place, eating food contaminated with microorganisms. Carriers of the virus are sick pigs, birds, rodents, domestic animals.

Reference. Animals that have had viral gastroenteritis continue to excrete the virus in faeces and urine for 2-3 months.

The disease is most dangerous for suckling pigs, they die 3-5 days after infection. Consider the symptoms of viral gastroenteritis:

1. Loss of appetite.
2. Depressed state. Temperature increase (usually short-term).
3. Vomit.
4. diarrhea ( stool liquid, greenish hue, their release occurs involuntarily).
5. Dehydration, manifested by sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes.
6. Lactating sows stop producing milk.

Treatment of viral gastroenteritis begins immediately. Sick pigs are immediately separated into an isolation room, and feeding is stopped for a day. Inside give furatsilin or furazonal - antimicrobial agents. Antibiotics a wide range actions are administered intramuscularly. Since sick individuals lose a lot of fluid, it is necessary to restore the water and electrolyte balance. Pigs are soldered with salted water. With frequent vomiting, solutions that compensate for the lack of fluid and mineral salts are administered intravenously.

Food is offered only in liquid form. It is advisable to use sorbents to relieve symptoms of intoxication. When animals begin to recover, it is recommended to give them probiotics to normalize the microflora.

erysipelas

Erysipelas is caused by a bacterium called erysipelothrix insidia. It enters the body through respiratory system through the skin or with food. If the disease occurs in acute form, it is characterized by the development of septicemia, endocarditis, necrosis skin and polyarthritis.

Outbreaks of erysipelas occur mainly in the warm season. Sources of infection are sick animals, contaminated feed, water. Most often, erysipelas affects piglets under the age of one year. The course of the disease can be different, it depends on the degree of virulence of the pathogen, the age of the animal, the conditions of its maintenance, and the immune status.

Reference. Lightning and acute course disease almost always ends in the death of pigs.

Symptoms of erysipelas in the acute form of the disease:

1. A sharp rise in temperature to 40.5-41 degrees.
2. Refusal to eat.
3. Oppression.
4. Chills.
5. Thirst.
6. Difficulty breathing.
7. Cyanosis of the skin in the neck, peritoneum.
8. The appearance of characteristic pink spots on the sides and back of the animal, which soon darken, become purple.
9. Skin necrosis.
10. Atony of the intestine.

If the erysipelas proceeds subacutely, the development of conjunctivitis, a rash on the body, is possible. On the sides and back of a sick individual, bulges appear in the form of triangles, rhombuses, which eventually merge.

Reference. The appearance of characteristic spots on the body of a pig is a good sign. Usually after that the animal becomes easier. Gradually, the rash passes, and the condition stabilizes.

The chronic course of the disease is characterized by a violation of cardiac activity and the development of arthritis.

Erysipelas are treated with anti-erysipelas serum and antibacterial agents. It is administered subcutaneously. The dosage is calculated based on the weight of the animal (approximately 1.5 ml per kilogram of weight). Antibiotics of the penicillin series are administered intramuscularly:

1. Streptomycin.
2. Oxytetracycline.

To relieve symptoms, drugs that stimulate the heart, intestines and nervous system will be used.

Attention! If infection with erysipelas is suspected, healthy individuals are immediately vaccinated, patients are kept separately, in an isolation room, the premises require disinfection with caustic soda or bleach solution.

Circovirus infection

This infectious disease affects piglets recently weaned from their mother. The causative agent is a DNA virus that replicates in lymphoid tissue. The source of infection is sick individuals. The spread of infection is facilitated by crowded keeping of animals, poor ventilation, often the cause is early vaccination of piglets (before reaching two months of age). The virus is transmitted mainly by airborne droplets, sometimes from the sow.

Symptoms of a circovirus infection:

1. Piglets sleep a lot, weakened.
2. They are stunted, emaciated.
3. The sucking reflex is poorly developed.
4. The skin becomes yellowish.
5. Ears are pale or even cyanotic.
6. Diarrhea.
7. Trembling is observed.
8. Violation of coordination of movements.
9. On the skin manifestations of dermatitis - a rash, spots of irregular shape.
10. Sometimes conjunctivitis develops.

An effective treatment for circovirus is still under development. For prevention purposes, vaccination of sows and piglets is recommended, however, it should not be carried out immediately after weaning when the babies are stressed.

Paratyphoid

This disease is caused by salmonella bacteria. They penetrate into the body of animals in the alimentary way - with food or water. The causative agent of paratyphoid is extremely resistant to external factors, That's why this disease very difficult to treat. The disease affects piglets under the age of six months and causes changes in the circulatory and nervous systems and is accompanied by severe intoxication of the body. Paratyphoid occurs predominantly in a chronic form, but in animals with low immunity, including small piglets, the course of the disease is acute.

Symptoms of swine paratyphoid:

1. A sharp increase in temperature to 41.5 degrees or more.
2. Loss of appetite.
3. The animal is depressed, lies buried in the bedding.
4. The bristles are tousled.
5. Skin tone changes from pink to grey.
6. Diarrhea.
7. Eczema.
8. Fecal masses are fetid, gray-green in color.
9. Closer to the final stage of the disease, the skin on the ears and neck becomes bluish.

Reference. With an acute form of paratyphoid, piglets have practically no chance of surviving. Death occurs within a few days.

At chronic course the symptoms are smoother, there is diarrhea, which is often replaced by constipation, the animal loses weight.

Antibiotics (levomycetin, tetracycline) and nitrofurans, as well as a special serum containing antibodies to the pathogen, are used to treat paratyphoid. Vaccination helps prevent outbreaks. It is carried out for suckling piglets that have reached the age of 20 days, twice with an interval of 8 days.

Aujeszky's disease

This infectious disease is caused by a DNA-containing herpesvirus. Piglets under two months of age are most at risk of infection. Infection occurs both by the alimentary route, and through the respiratory organs, mucous membranes and lesions on the skin. The source of the virus is sick animals or virus carriers (recovered individuals who continue to excrete pathogens with urine, feces, mucus for several weeks after recovery). Mortality is quite high - only 4-5% of individuals survive among piglets. Aujeszky's disease is accompanied by disorders of the nervous system, as the virus enters the brain of animals and multiplies there.

Symptoms of Aujeszky's disease in piglets (acute):

1. Fever.
2. Excitement, great anxiety.
3. Hard breath.
4. Copious flow of frothy saliva.
5. Sneezing.
6. Pigs take unnatural postures for them, make swimming movements, lying on their side.
7. Convulsive syndrome.
8. Paralysis of limbs, larynx.

In adults, the disease is much easier, the animals recover in a few days. Symptoms include loss of appetite, depression, cough (the disease is complicated by pneumonia).

There is no effective treatment regimen. Practice has shown that the use of immunoglobulins does not give the expected result. To prevent the development of pneumonia, sick animals are advised to inject antibiotics and give vitamins. After recovery, adults are virus carriers.

Edema disease of piglets

The causative agent of edematous disease is coli. After entering the body of a pig, it affects the digestive organs and the central nervous system. Toxins secreted by pathogenic bacteria cause vascular dystonia and hemostasis. As a result, tissues receive insufficient oxygen, and fluid accumulates in them. Edema is formed not only under the skin, but also in internal organs and brain. The edematous disease affects predominantly weaned piglets.

Symptoms:

1. The temperature rises to 42 degrees.
2. Anxiety.
3. The sensitivity of the skin is increased (piglets squeal when touched).
4. Cramps in the muscles of the limbs, neck.
5. In the future, there is swelling of the eyelids, frontal part, nose, ears.
6. Refusal of food.
7. Diarrhea or vomiting.
8. Signs of heart failure - the pulse quickens, but the beats are weak.
9. The skin of the ears, the patch, the peritoneum turns blue.
10. Shortness of breath develops.
11. Shortly before death, seizures, muscle paralysis may begin.

Used to treat edema antibacterial drugs broad spectrum, as well as nitrofurans. Antihistamines are administered intramuscularly. Piglets are given urotropin to reduce vascular permeability. A specific treatment regimen and drugs for edematous disease do not yet exist.

Dysentery

Dysentery is an infectious disease caused by spirochete, an anaerobic bacterium. Outbreaks are most often recorded in winter and spring, when the immune system pigs are somewhat weakened. The infection enters the body through the alimentary route. Reproducing in the intestines, it causes malfunctions digestive tract, diarrhea, intoxication of the body. The disease affects pigs of all ages, but young pigs are particularly at risk of infection. Mortality among monthly piglets reaches 100%.

Symptoms:

1. Severe diarrhea (stools are watery gray-green with blood).
2. Dehydration (eyes sink, mucous membranes are dry).
3. Thirst.
4. Weakness, staggering gait.
5. Paleness of the skin.
6. Sometimes there is vomiting.
7. Exhaustion.

Treatment is carried out with drugs to which the spirochete is sensitive. For example, Osarsol. Along with this, Furazolidone is also used, since other pathogenic microflora predominates in dysentery in the intestine.

parvovirus infection

This disease is unique to pigs and is caused by a pathogen belonging to the genus Parvovirus. Clinical manifestations diseases are observed only in females. These include:

1. Abortion.
2. Infertility.
3. Stillbirth.
4. Fruit mummification.

Infection with parvovirus occurs through contact with sick animals or virus carriers, as well as through the placenta from a sow. There is no cure for this disease. As a prophylaxis, a vaccine containing inactivated viruses is used.

Leptospirosis in pigs

This disease is caused by the mobile spirochete Leptospira. Microorganisms are represented by many types. The pathogen enters the body of pigs through the digestive tract, skin and sexually. For some time, spirochetes are in the blood, and after the production of antibodies, they settle in the kidneys of the animal. Leptospirosis leads to the birth of dead fetuses, early abortions or the birth of non-viable piglets.

Clinical signs of infection are similar to influenza:

1. The animal is oppressed.
2. The temperature has risen.
3. No appetite.
4. Diarrhea or constipation may occur.
5. Conjunctivitis.
6. Pregnant pigs abort within a month of infection.

Streptomycin, as well as some derivatives of tetracycline and penicillin, are used to treat leptospirosis. Antibiotics are administered intramuscularly. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to vaccinate against leptospirosis, after which the body's resistance to the pathogen persists for 6-12 months.

Infectious diseases can cause very large losses to the farm. Young animals are especially at risk. That is why it is wise to try to prevent their spread on the farm. It is necessary to carry out routine vaccination of the livestock on time. Such a measure will help to avoid mass infection of dangerous infections.

Not the last place is occupied by edematous disease of piglets in the list of the most dangerous and common ailments. Having appeared once, it causes damage to farms and for a long time reminds of itself with periodic outbreaks and death of livestock.

Edematous disease of piglets is a dangerous disease that causes great damage to livestock farms.

The disease became widespread with the advent of compound feed and premixes about 50 years ago, and today it is a huge problem in pig breeding. Edema disease, or colibacillosis, is an infection that manifests itself as enteritis, blood poisoning and severe intoxication. First of all, weaned piglets and sucklings are sick.

The disease is caused by pathogenic strains of the well-known Escherichia coli. In the process of vital activity, bacteria produce hemo- and neurotoxins that affect the nervous and circulatory system. In addition, under favorable conditions of stagnation of forage masses, uncontrolled reproduction of other dangerous anaerobes (Salmonella, Proteus) begins.

Risk group

Piglets suffer from edema before weaning or in the first couple of weeks after it, since their immune system is at the formation stage. IN environment the disease-causing bacillus enters mainly with the feces of the sow, and then is swallowed by the babies with food. Pigs older than a year do not suffer from edematous disease, but they are carriers and sources of infection.

Predisposing factors:

• neglect of disease prevention and planned disinfection;
• feeding with high-protein dry food with insufficient food plant origin and dairy products;
• stress;
• lack of B vitamins and essential macronutrients.

Improper care and feeding, neglect of prevention and stress often cause pathology.

Pathogenesis

When dry concentrated food prevails in the diet and there is a lack of fluid, the contents of the stomach do not have time to soften and be evacuated to the intestines. Peristalsis is disturbed, semi-dry fodder masses compress the vessels of the walls, the mucosa becomes anemic, which accompanies oxygen starvation. At the moment of stagnation, active reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms begins. The hemotoxins released by them enter the bloodstream, vascular dystonia develops, their permeability increases, and edema appears. Along with this, colibacteria secrete neurotoxins that act on nerve cells, provoking disorders from the side of the nervous system.

Establishing diagnosis

A preliminary diagnosis is established based on epidemiological data, symptoms and analysis of antecedent factors. The final diagnosis is made only according to the conclusion of the veterinary laboratory, to which the corpses of piglets are sent.

It is also important to carry out differential diagnosis, exclude diseases similar in symptoms:

• Aujeszky's disease;
• face;
• listeriosis;
• the nervous form of the plague;
• hypocalcemia;
• pasteurellosis;
• poisoning with feed mycotoxins and salts.

When diagnosing edematous disease, it is important to differentiate it from other pathologies.

Pathological changes

The corpses remain well-fed. The skin is clean, but on the peritoneum they acquire a bluish tint. Puffiness of tissues is found mainly on the head. The stomach is full, and its walls are thickened and saturated with a yellowish liquid. Edema, fullness of blood vessels are noted in the brain and membranes. in the chest, abdominal cavities- excessive accumulation of exudate. The liver and spleen are slightly enlarged or normal in size. The kidneys are strongly hyperemic, red, edematous.

Symptoms

The disease occurs in one of three forms with a characteristic clinical picture.

Hyperacute phase

Also called lightning fast. The piglet dies suddenly, the symptoms do not have time to appear. At the same time, babies are found with characteristic symptoms acute current.

The ultra-fast phase of the course of edematous disease ends with the rapid death of the piglet.

Acute course

• It proceeds with hyperthermia, the development of neuroparalytic phenomena and enteritis. In newborn piglets with colibacillosis, white or yellow color, in weaners, the feces acquire a dark shade.
• The gait becomes uncertain, shaky, often trembling or playpen movements are noted.
• Piglets do not get up, paralysis develops, sometimes epileptic seizures are observed.
• Edema appears in the head area, the most pronounced swelling of the eyelids. The internal organs also swell.
• Breathing is heavy and rapid.
• The heartbeat can increase up to 200 beats per minute.
• As a result of congestion, cyanosis of the skin of the patch and the abdominal region appears.

The cause of death is usually asphyxiation due to pulmonary edema..

The acute course of the disease is accompanied by multiple disorders, but also ends in death.

Chronic form

It occurs in older age groups and is characterized by a long course. Piglets are oppressed, with a weak appetite, often stale. After recovery, they lag behind in development, lameness or a curvature of the neck may remain.

Treatment

The first thing to do is to isolate patients from clinically healthy people and introduce a starvation or semi-starvation diet for them. If the population is small, you can make a cleansing enema.

Therapy is aimed at killing pathogens, reducing intoxication, restoring peristalsis and removing excess liquid from tissues without dehydration. All this can only be achieved through an integrated approach.

For the treatment of sick piglets, regimens are usually developed that include several groups of drugs.

• Magnesium sulphate is given to relieve intoxication.
• For the first day, 5-7% Glauber's salt is added to the water for the speedy cleaning of the stomach and intestines.
• Antihistamines (1% "Dimedrol") are prescribed to reduce the body's response to endotoxins released by the pathogen.
• Calcium chloride will help reduce vascular permeability. Sometimes it is replaced intramuscular injection 10% calcium gluconate.
• A course of antibiotics is required ("Neomycin", "Polymyxin" and others of the cephalosporin or tetracycline series) with sulfonamides or nitrofurans, to which the pathogen is sensitive ("Norsulfazol", "Sulfadimetoksin", "Fthalazol", etc.). Ideally, it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of the isolated bacterium to antimicrobial agents, but they often act by trial selection.
• For problems with the digestive tract, it is also reasonable to alternate injections of B vitamins.
• "Urotropin" 40% is prescribed to enhance diuresis and the speedy removal of toxic substances in the urine.
• To restore the microflora, as well as to suppress the growth of pathogenic Escherichia coli by improving the environment for lactic acid bacteria, piglets are fed an acidophilic culture.
• Cardiac drugs ("Cordiamin", caffeine) are prescribed to animals in serious condition.

In farms that are unfavorable for edematous disease, the incidence rate reaches 70%, and mortality without treatment is 90-100%.

For the treatment of pathology, various drugs and schemes for their use are used.

Prevention

In this case, disinfection alone is not enough. The issue of prevention is approached comprehensively.

• Monitor the sanitary and hygienic condition of the premises, feeders and inventory.
• Observe the recommended feeding technology at this stage. The diet should not contain only dry high-protein compound feeds, as well as a large amount of cow's milk.
• Minimize stress factors for young animals. Suckers are taken away gradually. For another 10-15 days they will have to stay at the weaning site, and then they will move to the nursery. Monitor temperature.
• Scheduled vaccinations, for example, "Serdosan" or OKZ. Sows are immunized 30-40 days before farrowing. Sosunov is vaccinated twice according to the instructions. To stimulate the formation of antibodies, any immunomodulator is added to the vaccine.

It is important to remember that prevention is the main weapon in the fight against many diseases. Wanting to save money, many neglect important rules and advice on preventing the disease, but as a result they lose many times more.

Edema disease (colenterotoxemia) is an acute infectious disease of piglets. It often affects weaners, causing damage to the central nervous system and digestive tract, and also provokes the appearance of edema in the internal organs and tissues of a sick animal. Congestive redness of the skin in the region of the ears, snout and legs is visually noted.

Pathogen

The cause of this disease is enteropathogenic, beta hemolytic Escherichia coli, has the ability to produce B-hemolysin. It has good weather resistance external environment(outside the body of pigs can live up to 50-60 days). But under the influence high temperature dies within seconds. Treatment with antiseptics, inactivates within 2-3 minutes.

Epizootological data:

In the risk zone for morbidity is young pigs 2-3 months old, which were taken away from sows (well-fed individuals are more sensitive). In the acute form of the disease, single episodes of mortality may occur in piglets of an earlier or later age. Within the farm, it occurs unexpectedly, more often in the spring-summer period, and can cause mortality in the region of 20-100%.

The duration of edematous disease varies within the farm. Most often, it lasts up to 20 days. The presence of this pathology is evidenced by unexpected symptoms in piglets, in the form of edema of the eyelids and paralysis of the limbs. The appearance falls on the 7-20th day after weaning, lasts up to 10 days, and just as suddenly disappears. Provoking agents can be - concentrated feed, conducted weaning ahead of time, lack of walks, lack of useful substances in the diet.

Pathogenesis and symptoms

Edema develops due to the rapid reproduction of the pathogen in the intestines of the piglet, as a result of which acute intoxication toxins. Piglets begin to suffer from disorders of the cardiovascular system, the level of albumin in the blood decreases, which leads to poor retention of fluid in the vessels, and provokes its seepage into neighboring tissues. These processes are the main cause of edema in the piglet.

When the process of edema affects the brain, the piglet develops nervous pathologies that occur in the form of convulsions, paresis, and decreased sensitivity.

The period of development of the disease from the disease to the first symptoms is approximately 5-10 hours, most often an acute onset is recorded.

The first thing that worries the patient is dysfunction in the gastrointestinal tract (in young piglets), in mature individuals it all starts with the central nervous system. Many veterinarians early symptoms include swelling on the eyelids and head. Downstream, the disease is conditionally divided into 3 forms.

• Superacute course - it is characterized by unexpected cases of death. The owner of the animal may not notice any changes in the behavior or health of the animal, for some time before death, it could eat food normally, behave naturally. And literally through the night, in the morning he discovers a well-fed corpse. Further damage can be recorded even during the day; in some pigsties, individuals with eye edema and CNS disorders can be found at the same time.
• Acute course is the widest form of edematous disease. It all starts with hyperthermia of the body around 41 degrees, and paralysis. The sick pig has swollen eyelids, walks unsteadily, trembles. He does not want to move, and he burrows into the bedding. When the piglets are examined by the veterinarian, they have play-by-play movements, with paralysis of the limbs. A loud sound that can greatly irritate the animal, causes shudders and even epileptic seizures. There is tachycardia up to 200 beats per minute, and breathing problems. Pathologies of the cardiac system cause stagnation of blood in the patch, neck and abdomen, which is visually manifested by their cyanosis. The cause of death in the acute period is asphyxia, it occurs in 90-100% of piglets, only during the day.
• Chronic course - is recorded in older pigs, and in piglets in farms that are unfavorable for the presence of edema. symptomatically, given form manifests itself in the form of oppression, lack of appetite. If the piglet had previously had an acute illness and acquired chronic form, he will be distinguished by the presence of lameness, a crooked neck, and developmental delay.

Autopsy data

In the study of pigs who died of edema, their excellent fatness is found. In the areas of the ears and patch, blood stagnation will be clearly visible. Edema of the eyelids, eyes, forehead and internal organs is also noted.

IN chest find a high content of liquid of a bright yellow hue with fibrin flakes. When dissecting the lungs, a foamy bloody fluid flows out.

The same liquid is found in the belly as in the chest. Inspection of the stomach - determine the thickening of its walls up to 3-4 centimeters, it is filled with the remnants of the food eaten. Vessels of the gastrointestinal tract are edematous. The mucous membranes of the intestines are edematous, they have small hemorrhages.

Lymph nodes are edematous, when cut they are painted in a bright red color, granular.

Diagnosis and treatment

The diagnosis is made by a veterinarian, paying attention to the symptoms and based on the results of a post-mortem examination. The disease is fully confirmed after laboratory isolation of the pathogen (beta hemolytic Escherichia coli).

It is necessary to start treatment of edema as soon as possible, after the first visible symptoms (decreased activity, refusal to feed, swelling and hyperemia of the eyelids, hyperthermia). For early detection of the disease, it is advised to take daily temperature measurements in piglets a week before weaning, and for two weeks after it.

All sick individuals are isolated in a separate room and a diet is prescribed (without any use of food), for 10-12 hours (with a parallel giving of a carry-on). To reduce the intoxication of the body, magnesium sulfate is used at 30-40 grams per 1 dose, while not limiting fluid intake, but 5% Glauber's salt is added to it.

To cleanse the intestines, a deep enema is performed. Nutrition is reviewed and half the rate of concentrated feed is introduced.

In the role of an antihistamine, piglets are injected with diphenhydramine (1%, 2-4 milliliters each). To reduce the porosity of the vessels, give 1 tablespoon of vikasol, 2 times a day.

Antibacterial drugs of the cephalosporin series and sulfonamides have a good effect against the pathogen. But for a more accurate selection of the drug for treatment, it is necessary to conduct tests for the sensitivity of the sticks in the laboratory. In some cases, satisfactory therapeutic effect has a combination of antibiotics with B vitamins, or with antidepressants. To increase diuresis, guinea pigs are given urotropin in the form of a 40% solution, 10 milliliters 1-2 times a day.

To restore the microflora, an acidophilus-broth culture is given inside, 50-60 ml three times a day.

In severe forms of the disease, piglets are prescribed heart drugs (caffeine, cordiamine), with nervous pathologies, analgin injections are prescribed (1 milliliter of a 30% solution).

Prevention

To prevent the occurrence of edematous disease in pigs, it is necessary to strictly comply with all the rules for keeping and feeding. Firstly, the owner of the animals must provide complete nutrition for the sows and her piglets, especially enrich it with vitamins and minerals. It must be balanced in terms of the content of all necessary trace elements. An equally important preventive role is the accustoming of piglets to feeding. In small piggeries, piglets from two weeks old are given nutritional supplements.

In order to avoid a stressful situation during the weaning process, piglets are transferred gradually. They are fed the same as before weaning from the mother. The new room is maintained at the same temperature as on the days of the sow's stay.

Breeding birds or animals is not an easy task. Breeding piglets at all is a job that causes trouble. Especially when it comes to diseases. One of the most annoying and dangerous diseases puffiness in piglets is considered. With untimely assistance may die most of herds. In order to prevent this from happening, you should know some of the nuances and carefully monitor the behavior of domestic pigs.

Symptoms of swelling in piglets

The edematous disease of piglets appears as a result of non-compliance with the feeding regimen of small piglets and the vitamin composition of the food. The disease provokes a lack of calcium in the diet of piglets. It happens that the disease comes due to a lack of fluid in the body. Since food enters the pig's stomach daily, it begins to press through the walls of the digestive tract on the organs that are closest. This provokes the production of histamine, which, when interacting with bacteria living in every living organism, causes swelling.

The disease is characterized by a very rapid development. The incubation period takes a maximum of 10 hours.

by the most vivid symptoms diseases are:

• Seizures in a piglet;
• The animal begins to choke;
• Foam appears at the corners of the mouth;
• Severe intoxication;
• Failure of the central nervous system, etc.

Symptoms of swelling in piglets

The causative agents of the disease are toxins that, when interacting with intestinal bacteria (Salmonella), cause swelling of all organs in a pig. Edema in piglets can develop in two forms: typical and atypical.

A typical disease goes away with the following symptomatic changes in the body:

• A sharp increase in temperature, which after a couple of hours itself returns to normal;
• The excitability of the animal increases. It begins to twitch, there are clear signs of tremor;
• There are convulsions that repeat several times in a short period of time;
• Photophobia is noted, due to which the piglet can go blind;
• Depressed state;
• The eyelids swell, swelling of the nose, forehead, occiput begins;
• When moving, the piglet twitches its head;
• Lack of appetite;
• lethargy;
• Spasms;
• Deep cough, etc.

If you do not start treating this ailment in time, the piglets begin to convulse and die. Adults can last from 3 to 5 days.

Symptoms atypical form are less difficult. For an atypical course of the disease, the appearance of a tumor on the ears is characteristic. There are also ailments in the heart, respiratory disorders, diarrhea.

Methods for treating swelling in piglets

Edema in piglets, symptoms and treatment take a short time if the disease was diagnosed in a short time. But what if the piglet is blind, or the piglets' ears are swollen? The reaction must be instant. Otherwise, the risk of death of the entire herd increases significantly.

edematous disease

Treatment of edematous disease of piglets is complex. Sick individuals need to be injected with an antibiotic. It has a depressing effect on the development intestinal infection, which is the first cause of pig poisoning by toxins produced by the body. The name of antibiotics may be different, but active substance is a sulfanilamide. In the absence of drugs with this active substance, edema is treated with a cephalosporin. In any case, drugs are taken only as directed. veterinarian. The treatment includes a complex of vitamins. In order to relieve neurological seizures, the mumps is prescribed diphenhydramine or aminaxin.

Due to the fact that the disease is of a rapid nature, treatment should be started as soon as its symptoms have been noticed. If symptoms of cutoff are detected in a 4 month old piglet, it should be isolated from the main stock. Moreover, the treatment and preventive measures needed not only by sick animals, but also by healthy ones.

A necessary condition for the treatment of diseased individuals is that for 10-12 hours they are limited in any diet. They need to be drunk with a laxative solution.

In order to reduce food poisoning caused by intoxication, piglets are given magnesium sulfate. It will help relieve swelling from the ear, remove muscle spasm, reduce head twitching. course admission is a week. One piglet accounts for 25 to 40 gr. in one go.

Also, in the treatment of piglets, therapeutic solutions are used:

• In a bucket of water dissolve 60 gr. Glauber's salt. This solution is used to cleanse the intestines of the piglet.
• Twice a day, an intramuscular injection of diphenhydramine is given, a dosage of 4 ml.
• With an interval of 12 hours, the piglets are fed with calcium chloride. At the same time, it is recommended to inject calcium gluconate with novocaine.
• Since with puffiness it is recommended to use a large amount clean water, the drinking bowl of pigs must be constantly filled.

Pathological anatomy at the opening of a piglet with edema highlights the following changes:

• Good weight;
• Stagnation in the auricle;
• Accumulation of toxins in the lower abdomen;
• Stagnation of fluid in the patch area;
• Swelling of the eyes, larynx, neck;
• In the chest there is increased content liquids with fibrin elements;
• In the lungs there is mucus with blood impurities;
• In the body, as a whole, there are separate pinpoint bruises.

Disease prevention

With swelling in piglets, most of the diseased die. Immunity to the disease is not developed, so it is necessary to carry out the prevention of the disease. Since the disease, in most cases, occurs due to malnutrition, it is necessary to strictly monitor the vitamin composition of food. Dry and wet food must be observed in strict proportions. Probiotics and mineral supplements can be added to food. Pigs in the diet should be introduced milk, with the addition of acidophilus paste.

Little piglets should not be abruptly weaned from their mother. Feeding should be introduced gradually. Within two weeks, the sow's milk is supplemented with complementary foods. Also during the week, babies can be taken away from the mother for short periods of time. When they get used to the new conditions of detention, you can excommunicate them completely.

Little piglets should not be abruptly weaned from their mother.

Where to put the weaned piglets? They are placed in separate cages where they are reared. During the period of the swelling epidemic, the herd should be transferred to strict regime nutrition. It is recommended to add medicines to the feed, such as: biomycin, furazolidone, sulfadimisin, copper sulfate, tilane. This complex medical preparations well established itself in the diet of young animals. The course of admission is a week.

During quarantine, you need to monitor the body temperature of piglets. It uses a mercury thermometer. Temperature indicators may vary slightly, but sharp jumps should not be allowed.

You can also spend one-day fasting for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

During the course of the disease, the following sanitary and technical standards are observed:

• Feeders are kept clean;
• Dishes that are intended for feeding pigs are treated with boiling water 2-3 times a day;
• The feeders are thoroughly dried;
• The location of the pigs is cleaned once a day;
• It is necessary to remove waste products from the cells once a day.

For preventive purposes, it is customary in pig breeding to carry out regular disinfection of premises for keeping pigs.

Beginner farmers should consult with veterinarians when symptoms are initially detected. If a relapse occurs, you can take therapeutic measures yourself, with the drugs that were used the previous time.