Where are the regional lymph nodes. What are regional lymph nodes? What does the increase in regional lymph nodes indicate?

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Lymph nodes, into which lymph flows from the tissues of the head, are located mainly at the border of the head and neck, and some small nodes are located within the head (Fig. 1).

Figure: 1. Lymph nodes and vessels of the head and neck, left view:

1 - occipital nodes; 2 - mastoid nodes; 3 - sternocleidomastoid nodes; 4 - upper superficial lateral cervical (external jugular) nodes; 5 - jugular-digastric node; 6 - posterior superficial lateral cervical (accessory) nodes; 7 - insert unit; 8 - lower deep lateral cervical nodes; 9 - thoracic duct; 10 - transverse cervical chain of nodes; 11 - subclavian trunk; 12 - supraclavicular nodes; 13 - jugular trunk; 14 - anterior superficial cervical nodes; 15 - anterior deep cervical nodes; 16 - jugular-scapular-hyoid node; 17 - upper thyroid nodes; 18 - upper deep lateral cervical nodes; 19 - suprahyoid nodes; 20 - submental nodes; 21 - submandibular nodes; 22 - mandibular nodes; 23 - buccal node; 24 - front knot; 25 - lower ear node; 26 - deep parotid nodes

Distinguish:

1) occipital nodes;

2) mastoid nodes;

3) superficial parotid nodes;

4) deep parotid nodes:

a) pre-auricular nodes;

b) lower ear nodes;

c) intraglandular nodes;

5) facial nodes:

a) buccal node;

b) nasolabial node;

c) molar (zygomatic) node;

d) the mandibular node;

6) lingual nodes;

7) submental nodes;

8) submandibular nodes.

The lymphatic vessels of the scalp are formed from the superficial and deep networks of lymphatic capillaries. The drainage lymphatic vessels of the frontal region carry out the outflow of lymph into superficial parotid nodes (nodi parotideai superficiales) and in the pre-auricular nodes (nodi preauriculares). From the parietal region, the lymphatic vessels carry the lymph to the lower aural (nodi infraauricularis), from the temporal to the lower auricular and preauricular, and from the skin of the occiput to occipital nodes (nodi occipitales) and to lateral cervical (nodi cervicales laterals), (fig. 2, see fig. 1).

Figure: 2. Pathways of lymph outflow from superficial formations of the head and neck, right side view:

1 - parotid nodes; 2 - buccal node; 3 - submental nodes; 4 - submandibular nodes; 5 - jugular-scapular-hyoid node; 6 - lower deep lateral cervical nodes; 7 - upper deep lateral cervical nodes; 8 - jugular-digastric; 9 - occipital nodes; 10 - mastoid nodes

In the skin of the face, dense superficial and deep networks of lymphatic capillaries are developed, which have extensive anastomotic connections. The loops of the lymphatic networks are oriented along the skin tension lines. The diverting lymphatic vessels, arising from the deep lymphocapillary network, form in the subcutaneous tissue lymphatic plexus.

The diverting lymphatic vessels of the skin of the middle part of the face pass over the facial muscles to the preauricular, lower auricular facial nodes (nodi faciales), as well as to submandibular(nodi submandibulares) and anterior cervical nodes (nodi cervicales anteriores); from the skin of the lower part of the face - to submandibular and submental (nodi submandibulars et submentales), (fig. 3, see fig. 2).

Figure: 3. Lymphatic vessels draining lymph from the tongue, left side view; half of the lower jaw removed:

1 - lymphatic vessels that drain lymph from the top of the tongue; 2 - central diverting lymphatic vessels; 3 - marginal lymphatic vessels; 4 - basal lymphatic vessels; 5 - connections with the vessels of the opposite side; 6 - jugular-scapular-hyoid node; 7 - deep lateral cervical nodes; 8 - jugular-digastric node; 9 - submandibular node; 10 - submental node

From the upper lip and the lateral parts of the lower lip, the lymphatic vessels go to submandibular nodes, and from the middle of the lower lip - to submental nodes.

From the parotid salivary gland, lymph outflow occurs in superficial and deep parotid nodes (nodi parotidei superficiales et profundi), from the sublingual and submandibular salivary glands - in submandibular nodes.

In the eyeball, networks of lymphocapillaries are located in the sclera and conjunctiva, and the lymphatic vessels form pericorneal lymphatic plexus... The discharge lymphatic vessels of this plexus and of the eye muscles follow to the facial nodes.

In the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and oral cavity are single-layer networks of lymphatic capillaries. From the front of the nasal cavity, lymph outflow occurs to the facial and submandibular nodes, and from the back - to the retropharyngeal (nodi retropharyngeales) and deep anterior cervical nodes (fig. 4).

Figure: 4 . Lymphatic vessels of the neck, back view. (The vertebral column is removed):

1 - pharyngeal-basilar fascia; 2 - retropharyngeal nodes; 3 - internal jugular vein; 4 - the posterior abdomen of the digastric muscle; 5 - sternocleidomastoid muscle; 6 - insertion nodes; 7 - jugular-digastric node; 8 - deep lateral cervical nodes; 9 - jugular-scapular-hyoid node

The lymphatic vessels of the oral mucosa pass under the muscles of the face, reaching the facial and submandibular nodes... From the mucous membrane and muscles of the tongue, the lymphatic vessels follow to submandibular nodesand also to lateral cervical nodes... From the upper teeth and gums, the lymphatic vessels pass into deep parotid, facial (secrete buccal, nasolabial, molar and zygomatic nodes), submandibular nodes, from the bottom - to submandibular(front, middleand rear) and submental(fig. 5).

Figure: 5. Ways of lymph outflow from the surface formations of the face, left view:

1 - lymphatic vessels; 2 - superficial parotid lymph nodes; 3 - submandibular lymph nodes; 4 - submental lymph nodes

The following lymph nodes are described on the neck:

1. Anterior cervical nodes:

a) superficial (anterior jugular nodes);

b) deep knots:

- sublingual nodes:

Prelaryngeal nodes;

- thyroid nodes;

- pretracheal nodes;

- paratracheal nodes.

2. Lateral cervical nodes:

a) surface nodes;

b) deep knots:

- upper deep nodes:

Jugular-digastric node;

Lateral node;

Front knot;

- lower deep nodes:

Jugular-scapular-hyoid node;

Lateral node;

Front nodes.

3. Supraclavicular nodes.

4. Additional nodes:

a) retropharyngeal nodes.

Anterior superficial cervical lymph nodes lie outward from own fascia of the neck near the anterior jugular vein, and the anterior deep cervical nodes - medially from this fascia at the corresponding organs, from which they take lymph.

Lateral superficial nodes lie along the external jugular vein. Lateral deep cervical nodes lie along the internal jugular vein, take lymph from the muscles of the neck, neurovascular bundle, organs of the neck and face. Ultimately, the lymph from the above lymph nodes of the head and neck through the vessels enters the lateral deep cervical nodes, the outflowing vessels of which on each side form jugular trunk (truncus jugularis), (fig. 6).

Figure: 6. Lower deep lateral cervical lymph nodes and the formation of the jugular trunk:

a - right venous angle: 1 - deep lateral cervical lymph nodes; 2 - the right internal jugular vein; 3 - right jugular trunk; 4 - right lymphatic duct; 5 - right brachiocephalic vein; 6 - right subclavian trunk; 7 - right subclavian vein;

b - left venous angle: 1 - deep lateral cervical lymph nodes; 2 - left jugular trunk; 3 - left subclavian trunk; 4 - left subclavian vein; 5 - left brachiocephalic vein; 6 - thoracic duct; 7 - left internal jugular vein

Human Anatomy S.S. Mikhailov, A.V. Chukbar, A.G. Tsybulkin

Along the course of the lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes (nodi lymphatici) of various sizes (1-20 mm) and often bean-shaped are located (see Fig. 210, 216), which enrich the lymph with lymphocytes and are a barrier to

disease-causing factors. With a few exceptions (the thyroid gland), lymph from the internal organs passes through one or more lymph nodes before reaching the main lymph nodes. The lymphatic vessels of the dermis do not have their own nodes and flow into the lymph nodes of the subcutaneous tissue or nodes along the deep lymphatic vessels outside the organs.

The lymph node is covered from the outside with a capsule, from which the lining leaves in the parenchyma (lymphoid tissue). Between the lining and the lymphoid tissue, there are slit-like spaces lined with endothelium - the lymphatic sinuses. The lymph vessels (vasa lymphatica afferentia) carry the lymph to the lymphatic sinuses, then it enters the external lymphatic vessels (vasa lymphatica efferentia).

There are about 300 lymph nodes in the human body. In many predators and monkeys there are fewer of them, in equids they are quite numerous (in a horse up to 8 thousand).

Head, neck. In the scalp and face, there are superficial and deep lymphocapillary networks. The superficial mesh lies under the papillary layer, and the deep mesh lies between the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue. The superficial lymphocapillary mesh flows into the deep one, from which the drainage lymphatic vessels with lymphatic valves begin. These vessels carry lymph to the nearest lymph nodes located along the main saphenous veins of the face: facial, branches of the superficial temporal, transverse veins of the face, etc. Lymphatic vessels of the frontal and temporal areas, the auricle flow into the superficial ear nodes. A significant part of the lymph from the muscles of the forehead, eyelids, parotid gland reaches the lymph nodes thicker than the parotid salivary gland. From the superficial and deep parotid nodes, lymph flows to the system of the lateral lymph nodes of the neck, grouped along the internal and external jugular veins. Lymph from the occipital and mastoid areas also enters here.

The superficial and deep lymphatic vessels of the anterior part of the face carry lymph in the regional submandibular and pidpidborid lymph nodes, from which lymph flows to the deep anterior lymph nodes of the neck, most of which are concentrated along the internal jugular vein. They can develop an inflammatory reaction in diseases such as tonsillitis, pulpitis, gingivitis, glossitis, etc. In cases of a malignant disease in the upper or lower jaw, all lymph nodes of the neck should be removed in one block with fiber and fascia.

The submandibular nodes (nodi submandibulares) are located in the pidmandibular triangle of the neck, receiving lymph from the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, the oral mucosa, partly from the eyeball and nasal cavity.

Among the lateral cervical nodes (nodi segvicales laterales), deep nodes (Fig. 220), located along the neurovascular bundle of the neck, are of greatest importance. Until these nodes, lymph flows from the walls of the nasal cavity, tongue, tonsils, pharynx and larynx.

Supraclavicular nodes (nodi supraclaviculares) are contained in the supraclavicular fossa and take lymph from the posterior parts of the mammary gland and organs of the chest cavity. In addition, small (often single) lymph nodes are located: in front of the auricle (superficial and deep parotid), collecting lymph from the parotid salivary and mucous glands behind the auricle (occipital, mastoid, etc.). Receiving lymph from the skin and muscles of the occipital head area, near the chin triangle of the neck (pidpidboridni), collecting lymph from the roots and alveoli of the anterior lower teeth and lower parts of the face; in the area of \u200b\u200bthe buccal muscle (buccal, nasolabial, mandibular nodes), which collect lymph from the cheeks, eye sockets, lips, etc.; anterior deep cervical (anterior larynx, pre- and bilaracheal, thyroid), to which lymph flows from the organs of the anterior region of the neck; retropharyngeal (nodi retropharyngeales), collecting lymph from the pharynx, palatine tonsils and the posterior parts of the walls of the nasal cavity.

Chest, chest organs. The parietal regional nodes of the chest include: chest (nodi ragatattagii), contained on the outer edge of the pectoralis major muscle and take lymph from the mammary gland; nodi parasternals, located along a. thoracica interna, collect lymph from the medial sections of the mammary gland and the anterior chest wall (from these sections the lymph also flows into the supraclavicular and axillary lymph nodes), the intercostal (nodi intercostales), which lie along the intercostal vessels and take lymph from the lateral walls of the chest and parietal pleura; frontal vertebrates (nodi prevertebrales), which collect lymph from the thoracic spine and are tightly connected to the posterior mediastinum by the upper diaphragmatic lymph nodes (nodi phrenici superiores) located at the legs of the diaphragm and take lymph from the posterior diaphragm. From the anterior parts of the diaphragm, lymph flows into the anterior, bronchopulmonary (see below) and suprasternal nodes.

In the chest cavity, lymphatic vessels are located along the trachea, bronchi, pulmonary vessels contained in the fiber of the anterior and posterior mediastinum. The following main regional lymph nodes are determined here: nodi paratracheales are located at the bifurcation of the trachea, the upper and lower tracheoesophageal bronchial (nodi tracheobronchiales), which collect lymph from the trachea, bronchi, esophagus, lung; bronchopulmonary (nodi bronchopulmonales), which are localized within the root of the lung and take lymph from the superficial lymphatic networks of the lungs and bronchi and the anterior diaphragm; the anterior mediastinum (nodi mediastinales anteriores), to which lymph flows from the heart, the core (through the vessels of the anterior and lateral median nodes), the anterior chest wall (through the vessels of the nodal nodes) and the anterior parts of the diaphragm and liver, the posterior mediastinum (nodi mediastinales posteriores), which collect lymph from the esophagus, the thoracic spine (through the vessels of the anterior spinal nodes), the posterior diaphragm (through the vessels of the upper diaphragmatic nodes) and partly the liver. From the organs of the thoracic cavity, lymph is collected in the right and left large broncho-mediastinal trunks, which flow: the right into the ductus lymphaticus dexter, the left into the ductus thoracicus.

Abdomen, abdominal organs, pelvis. The lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity (Fig. 221) are divided into parietal and interior. Parietal lymph nodes include the left, right and intermediate lumbar (nodi lumbalcs dextri, sinistri et intermedix) nodes located in the abdominal part of the aorta and the inferior vena cava, receiving lymph from the walls and organs of the abdominal cavity, common, external and internal iliac (nodi Chasse communes, externi / interni), located along the corresponding vessels and collect lymph from the organs and walls of the small pelvis, lower diaphragm (nodi phrenici inferior es) and lower epigastric (nodi epigastrici inferior es), contained along the vessels of the same name and take the lymph of the diaphragm and upper section of the anterior abdominal wall. In addition, from the skin of the upper abdomen, lymph flows into the subthoracic and partially to the lymph nodes, and from the lower abdomen - into the superficial inguinal.

The visceral (visceral) lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity are very numerous, and the lymph flowing from the organs (especially the stomach, liver, intestines), on the way to the thoracic duct, usually passes through several regional nodes connected to each other by many anastomosis. These nodes usually lie very close to one or another organs of the abdominal cavity (various parts of the stomach, pancreas, spleen, stove, intestines) or along the course of their vessels, in the latter case, being located between the sheets of the parietal peritoneum (in caps, ripples, connections ). The main regional lymphatic vessels, in which lymph comes from other internal lymph nodes or, more rarely, directly from the lymphatic networks of organs, are the abdominal, as well as the superior and inferior mesenteric nodes.

Abdominal nodes (nodi coeliaci) are located along the abdominal trunk and its branches. Collect lymph from the liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, spleen.

The superior mesenteric nodes (nodi mesenterici superior es) are located along the superior mesenteric artery and its branches. Lymph is taken from all parts of the small intestine, as well as from the blind (from the vermiform appendix) and most of the colon. At the same time, at the root of the mesentery, due to the vessels of the superior mesenteric nodes, a large intestinal trunk is formed, which flows into the left lumbar trunk or directly to the lymph cistern.

The lower mesenteric nodes (nodi mesenterici inferior es) are contained along the inferior mesenteric artery and its branches. Collect lymph from the descending, sigmoid colon and upper rectum. From the kidneys, lymph flows mainly into the lumbar nodes.

From most of the pelvic organs, lymph, passing through the corresponding regional nodes (near the intestine, primate, primihu-ru, etc.), flows into the general and internal iliac lymph nodes.

In addition, from the uterus through the round ligament, lymphatic vessels are partially directed also to the superficial inguinal nodes.

Upper limb. The lymphatic vessels of the upper limb can be divided into superficial and deep.

Superficial lymphatic vessels begin in the skin of the hand, following with the lateral and medial saphenous veins of the upper limb, often interrupted in the ulnar nodes (nodi cubitales). Then they flow into nodi lumphoidei axil lares.

Deep lymphatic vessels are directed along with the radial, ulnar and brachial arteries (some vessels end in the ulnar nodes) and end in the axillary lymph nodes. These same nodes also receive lymph from the lactic-glandular (ragatattagia) nodes. The external vessels of the axillary lymph nodes, merging with each other, form the subclavian trunk on the right and left, which, connecting with the jugular trunk, forms the right lymphatic duct (ductus lymphaticus dexter), and on the left flows into the thoracic duct (ductus thoracicus) (at its confluence into venous angle).

Lower limb. The lymphatic vessels of the lower limb, as in the upper, are divided into superficial and deep.

Superficial lymphatic vessels collecting lymph from the surface tissues of the limb, then mainly together with the saphenous (large and small) veins of the lower limb and flow into the popliteal nodes (nodi poplitei), which lie deep in the popliteal fossa (they also receive lymph from deep lymphatic vessels feet and legs), and superficial inguinal nodes (nodi inguinales superficiales), located under the skin, inguinal fold and within hiatus saphenus (see Fig. 216). Lymph also flows into these lymph nodes from the skin of the anterior wall of the abdomen, buttocks, perineum (together with the anus) and external genital organs.

Deep lymphatic vessels of the lower extremity collect lymph from tissues located deeper than the wide fascia, the fascia of the lower leg and foot, and on their way pass successively through the anterior and posterior tibial, popliteal and deep inguinal (nodi inguinales profundi) lymph nodes.

The external vessels of the deep inguinal nodes, accompanying the club of blood vessels heading to the multi-storey iliac nodes (nodi Chasi externi et ipterni), which also collect lymph from the walls and organs of the pelvic cavity.

Maybe my questions seem stupid, but I'm worn out, two small children.

Also, don't forget to thank the doctors.

hematologist6 21:51

I agree with the oncologist. Dynamic observation, when a clinical picture appears, a biopsy of the most problematic lymph node with the preparation of prints and preparations. You do not need to compare yourself with anyone, and most importantly, to wind yourself up. Landmark - the state of the lymph nodes.

Lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis - enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes: causes, diagnosis, treatment

What does enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes mean?

Signs of enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes. How to determine an increase in lymph nodes yourself?

1. Absolutely painless on palpation.

2. Have a densely elastic consistency.

3. Movable (easy to move when probing).

The reasons

2. Systemic autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroiditis, etc.).

3. Cancer pathology of lymphoid tissue (lymphogranulomatosis, lymphomas).

4. Oncological diseases of other organs and tissues (metastatic affection of lymph nodes).

Causes of enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes - video

How to identify inflammation of the lymph nodes? Pain, fever and enlargement, as symptoms of acute inflammation of the lymph nodes

However, in the case of subacute or chronic inflammation of the lymph nodes, pain and general body response may be absent. Moreover, recurrent inflammatory reactions (for example, chronic tonsillitis, accompanied by an increase in regional submandibular lymph nodes) lead to their irreversible degeneration. Such nodes are often felt as absolutely painless formations of various sizes (sometimes with a hazelnut).

Non-specific infections as a cause of enlargement and inflammation of the submandibular, cervical, axillary, elbow, inguinal, femoral, or popliteal lymph nodes: symptoms and treatment

Nonspecific infection, as one of the most common causes of pathology

A nonspecific infection in uncomplicated cases calls out a regional rather than a general process - that is, an increase and inflammation of one or a group of nearby lymph nodes occurs:

By the nature of the course, acute and chronic inflammation of the lymph nodes caused by nonspecific flora are distinguished.

1. Acute catarrhal lymphadenitis.

2. Acute suppurative lymphadenitis.

What does an acute purulent inflammation of the lymph nodes look like?

Effects

How to treat?

Long-term painless enlargement of lymph nodes in chronic inflammation caused by nonspecific microflora

• chronic tonsillitis;
• pharyngitis;
• trophic ulcer of the leg;
• chronic inflammatory diseases of the external genital organs, etc.

If you find an increase in lymph nodes on your own, and you suspect its connection with the focus of a chronic infection, you should consult a doctor. Since the clinical data for chronic inflammation of the lymph nodes are rather scarce, an examination is prescribed to exclude other diseases that occur with an increase in lymph nodes.

How to cure?

Is chronic enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes caused by nonspecific microflora dangerous?

Specific infections as a cause of enlargement and inflammation

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes is a form of primary tuberculosis (a disease that develops immediately after infection), in which there is an increase and inflammation of the intrathoracic lymph nodes, and the lung tissue remains intact.

When infected with tuberculosis, the so-called primary tuberculosis complex is often formed in the lung tissue - inflammation of an area of \u200b\u200bthe lung tissue, combined with lymphangitis (inflammation of the lymphatic vessel) and lymphadenitis.

Infectious and inflammatory lesions of the superficial lymph nodes in tuberculosis develops when the infection spreads throughout the body some time after the initial infection.

Abdominal tuberculosis is a rather rare form of tuberculosis in which the abdominal organs are affected. As a rule, abdominal tuberculosis occurs with mesenteric adenitis - an increase and inflammation of the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity.

Enlargement and inflammation of the inguinal, mandibular and chin lymph nodes in primary syphilis

Enlargement and inflammation of the occipital, cervical, parotid, popliteal and axillary lymph nodes, as an important diagnostic sign of rubella

Chickenpox

What is the danger of enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes with specific infections?

Causes of enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes in children

Answers to the most popular questions

What are the causes of enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes in the groin in men and women?

When does an increase and inflammation of the lymph nodes in the armpits develop in women?

What can be the reasons for the enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck?

Which doctor should I go to?

I am expecting a baby (fourth month of pregnancy). Recently I caught a cold, there was a severe sore throat, fever. Today I noticed an increase and inflammation of the lymph nodes under the jaw. How dangerous is it during pregnancy?

What tests are prescribed?

• type of course (acute or chronic inflammation);
• prevalence (generalized or regional enlarged lymph nodes);
• the presence of other symptoms of lymph node pathology (pain on palpation, impaired consistency, adhesion to surrounding tissues, etc.);
• the presence of specific signs that allow one to suspect a specific pathology (characteristic intoxication syndrome in tuberculosis, hard chancre in syphilis, rash in measles, focus of infection in acute inflammation of the lymph node, etc.).

There is a general examination program that includes standard tests (general and biochemical blood tests, general urinalysis). If necessary, it can be supplemented with other studies (chest X-ray if tuberculosis or lymphogranulomatosis is suspected, serological tests for syphilis or HIV, lymph node puncture if metastatic lesion or lymphoma is suspected, etc.).

What antibiotic is prescribed for enlarged and inflamed lymph nodes?

Can compresses be used?

Is ichthyol ointment and Vishnevsky ointment used for enlargement and inflammation

The child has symptoms of enlargement and inflammation of the lymph nodes behind the ear. Which doctor should I go to? Are there any alternative treatments?

Read more:

Reviews

My situation is like this: I'm 23 years old, boy.

I am concerned about the lymph nodes, namely the pain in them. I passed blood and urine tests: normal. I did ultrasound of the thyroid gland: two nodes of 7 and 5 mm were found (diffuse nodular goiter), thyrotropic hormone \u003d 1.042, antibodies to thyroid peroxidase \u003d less than 10 (negative), thyroglobulin \u003d 17.7 - they just said to drink iodomarin or iodine-active at 200 mg / day ; Ultrasound of the abdominal organs - no pathologies, computed tomography of the chest organs - lungs, trachea normal, mediastinal lymph nodes - 6.3-7.7 mm, axillary lumens - up to 11.8 mm, gynecomastia was found (30 and 28 mm in the area nipples)

He also recently donated blood for chitomegalovirus and epstein-barr viruses: avidity for cytomegalovirus antibodies \u003d 81%, eb copsid igg \u003d 14.3 coi, web igm \u003d 0.07 coi, nuclear web igg \u003d 10.99 coi, cytomegalovirus igg antibodies \u003d 296.0 \\ ml (!), cytomegalovirus antibodies igm \u003d 0.677 cov.

After that, the infectious disease doctor prescribed me to take 2 tablets per day valavir (course of 10 days) + intramuscular injections of neovir, 250 ml a day / every other day (course of 10 injections) in order to kill viruses.

Oak did yesterday: hemglobin - 138, s - 4.3 * 10, l - 5.6 * 10, ee - 5mm, e-2%, u-2%, s-61%, l-30%, m- 5% (maybe I wrote the title incorrectly, because not very legible).

Still, a month and a half ago, just when the lymph nodes began to disturb, I noticed on the forehead a small speck about 10 mm in diameter, which peels off, but does not hurt, does not itch. I visited a dermatologist - he said that allergic dermatitis and smeared with zinc ointment - smeared, it does not go away. The groin also has a similar area, but it sometimes itches and flakes. There seem to be no more trifles.

Question: what is my situation after all? Dangerous or not? Should you be afraid of oncology, for example, lymphogranulomatosis? What should I do next, what other tests are better? I really ask for your help and an answer to my question. I spent a lot of nerves, time and money on tests and medications.

From SW. To you, alexander.

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What are regional thyroid lymph nodes?

Regional lymph nodes of the thyroid gland are parts of the lymphatic system located in close proximity to the endocrine organ. As you know, this system consists of an extensive network of special capillaries and lymph nodes. The capillaries are filled with lymph - a special liquid - whose task is to remove from the tissues the remnants of metabolic processes, toxins and pathogens.

Causes of enlarged lymph nodes in the neck

Lymph nodes are collections of immune cells. If pathological processes do not occur in the body, the size of the lymph nodes is normal, otherwise they increase (due to inflammation) and pain may appear. That is, they, in fact, are a kind of signaling device about the presence of a disease in the body, the lymph nodes located next to the thyroid gland are no exception.

And in the case of regional nodes of the thyroid gland, that is, located in the cervical spine, the causes of inflammatory processes can be:

• infectious diseases;
• neoplasms (both malignant and benign);
• allergic reactions.

Infectious diseases

With the development of infectious diseases in the nasopharynx or oral cavity, the pathogens that caused them, through the lymph, can enter the cervical lymph nodes. The reaction of the lymphocytes contained in them, naturally, will be the fight against these foreign elements. The consequence of this process will be an increase in one or more lymph nodes. There is no pain on palpation, and the lymph nodes move freely. Soreness appears in acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), this is due to the body's excessive immune response to the actions of the virus.

The main infectious diseases causing an increase in cervical lymph nodes in size are:

• cat scratch disease;
• infectious mononucleosis;
• tuberculosis or scrofula;
• brucellosis and tularemia;
• HIV infection.

Neoplasms

Two types of lesions of regional thyroid nodes can be distinguished: primary and, accordingly, secondary. In the first case, the neoplasm appears directly in the tissues of the lymph node. The second type, also called metastatic, is characterized by the ingress of tumor cells into the lymph node through the lymph from the location of the tumor, for example, in the thyroid gland.

The primary type is lymphogranulomatosis and lymphocytic leukemia. With lymphogranulomatosis, an increase in cervical lymph nodes can be up to 500% of the normal volume. In the initial stages of the disease, the lymph nodes are mobile, however, as the disease progresses, they become inactive and very dense to the touch.

If we talk about the secondary type of damage to the regional lymph nodes of the thyroid gland, we are talking about thyroid cancer and its effect on the cervical lymph nodes (metastatic). With the development of a malignant neoplasm in the tissues of the endocrine organ, metastases most often appear in the neck and lymph nodes located in the immediate vicinity of the site of the tumor. Through the lymph, cancer cells from these lymph nodes can be transferred to others, which leads to metastatic damage to other organs. If a complete resection (removal) of the thyroid gland is prescribed as a treatment for a malignant neoplasm, the lymph nodes affected by the disease may also be removed.

All of the above applies to malignant and aggressive forms of neoplasms in the tissues of the thyroid gland. This category includes some types of follicular cancer, as well as lymphoma and anaplastic cancer, which are considered the most dangerous of this type.

The risk group mainly includes people aged 50 to 60 years. Follicular forms of pathology are characterized by rather slow growth and are often accompanied by metastases to the regional lymph nodes of the thyroid gland.

Lymphoma

If we talk about lymphoma, it is worth noting that this is a diffuse tumor characterized by rapid growth. This pathology can act as an independent pathology, or be the result of a long course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is a difficulty in making a differential diagnosis. One of the signs of the disease is a rapid growth in the size of the thyroid gland of a diffuse nature. Very often accompanied by painful sensations. Inflammatory processes in regional lymph nodes are also developing rapidly. In addition, the patient feels a feeling of compression of nearby organs.

Anaplastic cancer

This neoplasm combines cells of two types of malignant tumors: carcinosarcoma and epidermal cancer. In the vast majority of cases, it develops from a nodular goiter, which has been present in the patient for at least 10 years. The neoplasm tends to grow very quickly and affect neighboring organs. And among the first, of course, are regional lymph nodes.

In addition, the lymph nodes act as a signaling device about the development of pathological processes in the human body. Cervical nodes of the lymphatic system (regional nodes of the thyroid gland) are close to many important organs and inflammation in their tissues can be the result of very dangerous processes. Therefore, at the first signs of an increase in these parts of the lymphatic system, an urgent need to consult a doctor.

You should always remember that timely diagnosis and, therefore, timely treatment is the key to the best prognosis.

Swollen lymph nodes: causes and treatment

Such a seemingly simple symptom as swollen lymph nodes (LN) may turn out to be a sign of not at all trivial diseases. Some of them are simply unpleasant, while others can lead to serious complications and even a tragic outcome. There are not very many diseases leading to the appearance of this symptom, but they all require thoughtful diagnosis and careful, sometimes very long-term treatment.

What are lymph nodes for?

Lymph nodes are small clumps of lymph tissue scattered throughout the body. Their main function is to filter lymph and a kind of "storage" of elements of the immune system that attack foreign substances, microorganisms and cancer cells that enter the lymph. The nodes can be compared to military bases, where troops are stationed in peacetime, ready to immediately act to fight the "enemy" - the causative agent of any disease.

Where are the lymph nodes

Lymph nodes are a kind of collector that collects lymph from specific areas of the body. This fluid flows to them through the network of vessels. There are superficial and visceral lymph nodes located in the cavities of the human body. Without the use of instrumental visualization methods, it is impossible to detect an increase in the latter.

Among the superficial, depending on the location, the lymph nodes of the following localizations are distinguished:

• popliteal, located on the back of the knee joints;
• superficial and deep inguinal, localized in the inguinal folds;
• occipital - in the area of \u200b\u200btransition of the neck to the skull;
• behind the ear and parotid, located in front and behind the auricle;
• submandibular, lying approximately in the middle of the branches of the lower jaw;
• chin, located a few centimeters behind the chin;
• a network of cervical LUs, densely scattered along the anterior and lateral surfaces of the neck;
• elbows - on the front surface of the joint of the same name;
• axillary, one group of which is adjacent to the inner surface of the pectoral muscles, and the other is located in the thickness of the fiber of the axillary region.

Thus, there are quite a few places where an enlargement of the lymph nodes can be detected and an attentive doctor will definitely probe them in order to obtain additional information about a possible disease.

Causes of swollen lymph nodes

There are no natural reasons for the increase in LN. If they become larger, it means that there must be some pathology in the body. The appearance of this sign indicates the occurrence of:

In different diseases, the lymph nodes increase in different ways. In addition to the size, indicators such as:

• surface structure that may remain smooth or bumpy;
• mobility - in some diseases, LUs are soldered with each other or with surrounding tissues;
• consistency - dense, soft;
• the condition of the skin above them - with inflammation of the LU, the skin may become edematous, redden.

And now it makes sense to consider an increase in lymph nodes in relation to the diseases most often causing this symptom.

Lymphadenitis

This disease is characterized by the most striking symptoms from the side of the LN, which at the same time significantly increase in size, become sharply painful, immobile. The skin over them turns red, local swelling is observed. As the disease progresses, the temperature rises more and more, chills appear, and intoxication phenomena increase.

Most often, the occurrence of lymphadenitis is preceded by any purulent disease of the corresponding area:

Microbes from the focus of infection through the lymphatic vessels enter the lymph node, provoking an inflammatory reaction in it, initially catarrhal (without pus), and then purulent. The extreme degree of development of lymphadenitis is adenophlegmon - in fact, a complication of this disease. In this case, pus permeates the fatty tissue surrounding the LU.

Other complications of purulent lymphadenitis are purulent thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism, sepsis.

The pediatrician tells about lymphadenitis in children:

Lymphadenitis treatment

With catarrhal lymphadenitis, the main purulent disease is treated first. With timely intervention, there is a high chance of subsiding an acute process in the lymph node.

With the development of purulent lymphadenitis or adenophlegmon, surgical intervention is required - opening the abscess, cleansing it using antiseptics and antimicrobial agents, draining the abscess cavity.

Respiratory diseases

This group of diseases is the most common cause of enlarged lymph nodes. This symptom manifests itself most clearly in various forms of tonsillitis (tonsillitis). Along with an increase in LN, there is high fever, sore throat during swallowing, severe weakness and malaise.

Less often, lymph nodes increase in size with inflammation of the pharynx - pharyngitis. The symptomatology of this disease is similar to the clinical picture of tonsillitis, although it is inferior to it in the brightness of manifestations.

In case of respiratory infections, the LNs become dense to the touch, moderately painful, their mobility during palpation remains.

Respiratory Infection Treatment

Treatment tactics depend on the type of pathogen that caused the disease. So, with the bacterial nature of the pathology, antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action are used, with the viral one - symptomatic therapy, with the fungal - specific antimicrobial agents. At the same time, general strengthening measures are carried out with the simultaneous administration of immunomodulators.

Specific infections

Most often, an increase in lymph nodes is accompanied by specific infections such as tuberculosis and syphilis.

Tuberculous lesion

In pulmonary tuberculosis, the intrathoracic lymph nodes are initially affected. It is impossible to reveal their increase without special research methods. If untreated, the tuberculous process can spread throughout the body, affecting superficial LNs:

At the initial stage, they increase and moderate pain. As the inflammatory process flares up, the lymph nodes are soldered together and with the tissues surrounding them, turning into a dense conglomerate, which then fester, forming a long-term non-healing fistula.

Treatment

Since the increase in LU here is caused by the main disease - tuberculosis, then it is it that is treated. Special anti-tuberculosis drugs are used according to special regimens.

Syphilis

In the case of syphilis, LNs grow in size only a few days after the onset of the primary syphilis, known as chancre. Due to the fact that the predominant place of occurrence of chancre is the genitals, the inguinal nodes are most often enlarged.

However, with chankramygdalitis (syphilitic tonsillitis), for example, a symptom may appear from the submandibular or subgenous nodes.

Important: In syphilis, LU can reach the size of a nut, while maintaining its consistency, remaining painless and not welded to the tissues. Often, at the same time, lymphangitis occurs - an inflammation of the lymphatic vessels, which are felt in the form of a strand, sometimes with thickenings along its length.

Treatment

Syphilis at any stage responds well to antibiotic therapy. Mainly used are drugs of the penicillin series. With the development of complications, the treatment of the infection can be significantly delayed.

Rubella

With rubella, this symptom appears one of the first, several hours ahead of the onset of the rash. Most often, the occipital, cervical, and parotid nodes increase, becoming painful, however, without soldering with the surrounding tissues.

A rash in uncomplicated rubella may remain the only bright symptom, although fever (moderate) and a runny nose are sometimes present along with it.

Treatment

A rubella patient is isolated and symptomatic treatment is prescribed, if necessary. Serious measures are carried out only with the development of complications. For example, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for joint lesions, and for encephalitis - corticosteroids, diuretics, anticonvulsants, etc. It should be noted that rubella is a relatively benign infection and in most cases goes away without treatment at all.

HIV infection

With this most dangerous disease, lymph nodes of all localizations can increase. Often it is this symptom that makes the doctor suspect HIV infection, which for a long time may not manifest itself in anything else.

With the transition of the disease to the stage of AIDS, the increase in LU becomes constant, their inflammation joins.

Treatment

It is well known that there are no methods to finally cure an HIV-infected person. Doctors direct all their efforts to suppress the activity of the virus, for which they use special antiretroviral drugs. In parallel with this, concomitant infections are treated, the development of which is most often the cause of death of people with AIDS.

Lymph nodes in autoimmune diseases

The autoimmune process is a group of diseases in which the immune system ceases to regard the cells of various organs as “its own”. Taking them for a foreign substance, the body activates defense mechanisms in order to destroy the "aggressor". One of the manifestations of this activity is the increase in regional LN.

The autoimmune process can affect almost any organ, from joints to endocrine glands and even the nervous system. Such diseases are characterized by a long, chronic course and are rather difficult to treat, bringing the patient to disability, and sometimes to death.

Treatment

In the treatment of autoimmune diseases, drugs are used that suppress the excessive activity of the immune system - immunosuppressants and drugs that block some chemical reactions in the cells of the lymphocytic system.

Swollen lymph nodes in cancer pathologies

Oncologists use this symptom as one of the diagnostic criteria for a tumor process. LN increase only in malignant tumors in the case when cancer cells are separated from the site of the primary focus and enter the node with lymph flow. Here they are "attacked" by the body's defenses, trying to prevent the process from "breaking free" of the body. The appearance of this symptom is an unfavorable sign, indicating the spread of the tumor process.

However, there are also malignant oncological diseases that directly affect the lymphatic system itself:

• hodgkin's lymphoma, otherwise called lymphogranulomatosis;
• non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are a group of over 80 types of tumors originating from lymphatic tissue and having great differences both in the course of the disease, and in its causes and mechanisms of development.

Treatment

In the fight against oncological pathology, several methods are used at once:

1. cytostatic chemotherapy with drugs that stop tumor growth;
2. irradiation of lymph nodes with a stream of ionizing radiation:
   • x-rays;
   • gamma and beta radiation;
   • neutron beams;
   • flow of elementary particles;
3. immunosuppressive therapy with powerful hormonal agents.

Special schemes have been developed for the use of complexes of various types of treatment, which allow suppressing the tumor process and prolonging the patient's life.

Note: it must be remembered that swollen lymph nodes are just a symptom of various diseases. Therefore, self-medication, and even more so using folk methods, instead of going to a doctor, is unacceptable. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of certain diseases can cost the patient's life.

You can get more information on the possible causes of lymph node inflammation by reviewing this review:

Volkov Gennady Gennadievich, medical columnist, ambulance doctor.

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Good afternoon, I did an MRI of the pelvic organs, diagnosed with adenomyosis and small fibroids. And there are enlarged several iliac lymph nodes, one up to 1.5 cm, others smaller. Feels back pain. Why are they inflamed and is it dangerous? All analyzes were normal.

Hello. We will not be able to answer this question in absentia - we need to contact the surgeon and undergo additional examinations.

I described that the lymph nodes are inflamed. I could not send two files in one message, I am sending here. Sorry for the importunity.

Thank you very much for answering. Due to low hemoglobin, can there be problems with lymph nodes and aching bones and muscles? And what you wrote: "You need to pass a general blood test with a leukocyte formula, a biochemical blood test, and with the results of these studies go to a hematologist." Do you need to pass these tests?

an 11-year-old child (boy) has enlarged lymph nodes throughout the body. Found it before the testicular descent operation. Biochemical blood test is normal. The only thing is hemoglobin is slightly lowered. The child's appetite has disappeared.

Please tell me what it can be?

Hello. In this case, you need a consultation with a hematologist and additional types of examinations - in absentia it is impossible to determine the cause of an increase in lymph nodes.

What could it be? recently he was treated for worms.

Do you think there is a suspicion of cancer?

With helminthic invasion, this is possible (if not cured), as for cancer, then yes, and with cancer, the lymph nodes can increase (while the changes are noticeable in the blood test). But you must understand that swollen lymph nodes is a symptom characteristic of a number of diseases. Such a reaction of the body's reaction can be observed in inflammatory processes, infectious diseases, helminthiasis, etc. That is why you need to contact a hematologist and examine the child.

Biochemistry must be passed as regards low hemoglobin: its decrease is a consequence of pathology (if, of course, you eat normally). With low hemoglobin, the lymph nodes themselves do not enlarge and the bones do not hurt. After examinations, the doctor will be able to identify the cause of both pain, and enlargement of lymph nodes, and a decrease in hemoglobin.

Your hemoglobin is critically low, you need to see a hematologist as soon as possible and start treatment (you will be prescribed iron supplements).

Hello. For several years my lymph nodes become inflamed from time to time. Recently, they have become inflamed again, one can say throughout the body, and especially in the ilium on the right side and on the pubic bone. And muscles and bones began to ache. Muscles feel numb and bones ache, especially legs and arms (acute pain). What could it be? Please advise what tests you need to pass and how else to be checked? Last year I took a general blood test in the spring and blood for infections in the fall. I attach the files. And I also wanted to ask. Several years ago, in order to fill a tooth, a pin was inserted into it; during the procedure, the tooth cracked, but they did not remove it. It seems to me that after that I started having problems with the lymph nodes. Is it possible? Thank you very much in advance.

Hello. You need to pass a general blood test with a leukocyte formula, a biochemical blood test, and with the results of these studies, contact a hematologist. Regarding the tooth, this could be associated with a possible infection, but your test results are normal.

Didn't even expect to answer so quickly. Thank you very much. I have sent you another file with the test results. Thank you in advance.

You need to see a doctor: a critical problem is a decrease in hemoglobin, but there are other deviations. The doctor will write down the examination scheme and prescribe iron-containing drugs.

I got it. May God give you Health!

Hello. At night I felt aching pain in my chest, on the left, so I could not sleep. I called an ambulance, the cardiogram was normal, but in the morning a huge lymph node formed in front of the armpit.During the day, it began to turn into edema, the left breast increased significantly, the next day it all began to creep down the neck, and the next day it moved to the lower face ... Doctors say they don't see any swelling. Although my aunt is a retired dentist, she understands something about the lymph nodes, she says that everything is clearly visible with the naked eye and the lymph nodes are enlarged. And therapists don't even turn their heads, let alone palpation. The next day, aches began in the other shoulder and the lymph node also swelled, but not so much. What's going on I don't understand?

Hello. Contact the surgeon - he will examine you and give you a preliminary conclusion.

Good day. For several days I had an attack of the ischalgia type - my lower back hurt, I felt in my leg. However, neither MRI of the spine nor MRI of the sacroiliac joint revealed any problems. They found that the lymph node was greatly enlarged (it was about 5 by 5 cm in size) on the lower back (right next to the spine on the left). Drank 10 days of antibiotics and antiprotozoal drugs. It became easier, but the lymph node did not return to normal. Could ischalgia-type pains be provoked by an enlarged lymph node (its pressure on the nerve) and what to do about it now?

Hello. Rather, both an enlarged lymph node and lower back pain are the consequences of the same disease. I need a consultation from a neurologist.

Hello, I'm 18, the submandibular lymph node on the left side hurts for three days, pain when eating and pressing on it. Could it be for a cold / cough? This is the first time I've met such a person. And maybe I'm in another country during the holidays, I can't visit a doctor.

Hello. Yes, of course, the submandibular node can increase with inflammatory processes in the ENT organs, caries, pulpitis, etc.

Hello .... Please tell me, my mother has enlarged lymph nodes all over her body (this is my guess, I'm not an expert). Could it be from a nodular goiter? Goiter pills, has been drinking for 5 years, the operation is not done because sugar is increased. The enlargements do not hurt, only when pressed it feels pain. He does not want to go to the doctor. What should I do first? Thanks in advance ...

Hello. Nodular goiter cannot provoke an increase in lymph nodes throughout the body. You need to start by visiting a therapist and passing a general blood test with a leukocyte formula.

Hello, my lymph node in my neck has been enlarged for 5 months, I had ARVI in September, and then they went to the doctor and said: “You have an enlarged lymph node, take (medicine)”, I have been taking it for 5 months, and no changes, the lymph node does not hurt + it is still solid motionless. I did not donate blood and urine too.

Hello. The situation is abnormal because the doctor prescribed medication without even looking at the blood test. Apparently, you were not diagnosed either. Contact a competent doctor (therapist or hematologist), take a blood test with the formula and, if necessary, perform an ultrasound scan (the doctor will appoint).

Hello! I am 18 years old. 3-4 weeks ago I felt that something was constantly pulling either under my armpits or around my neck. I thought it might be something with the lymph nodes - I went to the doctor. He said that yes, they were enlarged a little, they needed to be tested. Itself, when probing, I feel only hard small peas and sometimes with difficulty, there are no swellings. Then stretching began in the groin area, under the knees, in the elbows. The blood test is good, there are no deviations (only platelets are slightly lowered). The doctor prescribed drops. BUT, the question is why they can get sick, because this is not normal. help me please

Hello. A blood test must be taken in dynamics, in addition, it is necessary to exclude diseases of the joints, perhaps you have incorrectly identified the source of the pain.

My sister is 23 years old. In recent years, lymph nodes have often increased and the herpes virus is present.

\u003e A month ago, they put braces, there were wounds, before that they were treated and filled with teeth. To date, the salivary, parotid and submandibular glands have been enlarged, for two months already. The tests have shown herpes viruses, cytomegalovirus and Instein Bara. Were at the therapist, infectious disease specialist. We have undergone a course of treatment with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, immunostimulating injections, but no result is unfortunately (they did a jaw sleep, MRI, shows inflammation, pus and some formations were not found. We hope to get an answer as soon as possible. Thank you very much in advance.

Inflammation of the lymph nodes indicates the development of an infectious process. What about repeated test results after treatment?

Hello, my age is 24 years old, 4 months ago (August) lymph nodes appeared on my neck (chin, under the jaws on both sides, after 2 months (October) I underwent an ultrasound scan, it turned out that there is a small lymph node near the chest, in the armpits, in groin area, not large, and on the neck, respectively, passed a general blood test, urine, checked for HIV in the spring, everything is normal everywhere, the therapist said to come in January, since he does not know what happened to me, now it seems to me what is on the neck they increased even more, when probing, many nodules are felt, they do not hurt, "walk" freely. I visited the dentist, the problems he found, they talked about wisdom teeth that are growing, but there are doubts about this. Tell me what can be done? General health is normal . What kind of research to take? Thanks

Hello. You should take a clinical blood test with the formula and blood biochemistry, with the results of these tests and the results of an ultrasound scan, you need to contact a hematologist (not a therapist). With an increase in lymph nodes in the blood test, deviations will necessarily appear that will help to make the correct diagnosis.

Hello Doctor. When the doctor did an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and kidneys, he found that between the head of the pancreas and the left lobe of the liver, an oval-shaped formation measuring 24 * 9mm, homogeneous in structure, isoechoic compared to the liver with cdc, blood flow in it is not recorded. He concluded that: "Echoscopically more data for an enlarged l / node in the liver hilus. Cyst of the parenchyma of the left kidney." Basically I went to check the cyst in the kidney. Additional examination is recommended. But which one did not say, can you tell me what to do next.

1. Repeat the blood test for liver function tests.

2. Consult a gastroenterologist to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Thank you. Analyzes for biochemistry have already passed the result twice, I wrote to you earlier. I had a gastroenterologist, I didn’t really say anything * WE WILL WAIT AFTER 3 MONTHS AGAIN FOR THE USE * but the diagnosis is silent. for markers * cancer cells * just don't know which ones? I can't find a place for myself. Thanks in advance.

I agree with your doctor: you need to observe in dynamics - that is why I advise you to repeat biochemistry after a while and preferably ultrasound. The analysis for tumor markers is not very informative.

Hello! In my childhood I had an increase in submandibular nodes, my neck was swollen, pain when swallowing, fever. My parents did not take me to the doctor, they just warmed up the nodes and went to bed. 40 years have passed since then, but the nodes have remained in an enlarged state, dense when probed. Could this affect organism? Recently, in the places where the lymph nodes were found along the body (I did massage), painful sensations when probing. I was tested, the doctor said that some kind of inflammatory process in the body + acidification - the risk of oncology. Soda dripped - alkalization did not come - acidification continues. I even tried to drink soda, but I get swelling from it (maybe I saw it wrong - tsp for a glass of boiling water 1r / day in the morning). There is a thickening of the blood. What to do?

Hello. You describe some kind of horror: warming up the enlarged lymph nodes, "acidification", "alkalinization". This doctor ordered you to "alkalize"? If so, get away from such a "doctor" sooner.

As a matter of fact, we need a consultation with a competent hematologist and as soon as possible. Have a general and biochemical blood test before visiting your doctor.

Hello, I have a tubercle behind my right ear, or is it a bone, a little more than the left one. Tell me what to do.

Hello. Consult a therapist - the doctor will be able to distinguish the norm from the pathology.

Hello, I had a lump in my groin from the beginning, it was about a year ago. After a while, I was sick. Now the same lump has formed between my breasts. When I press, it hurts and burns !!

Tell the doctor which doctor to contact? Thanks in advance for the answer.

Hello. To begin with, contact a therapist, and he, in turn, can give a referral to a hematologist and a blood test.

Within a year, the lymph nodes in my body react to any disease and even a minor disruption. With an exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, the nodes on the neck and under the jaw immediately increase and ache. From cystitis, the nodes in the groin increased. Question: is this a normal reaction of the body or is it worth seeing a doctor? Can a fungus on the foot also provoke an enlarged lymph node in the groin?

Hello. Absolutely normal reaction. But the fungus on the foot cannot provoke an increase in lymph nodes in the groin, so it is better to consult a doctor (therapist) and get tested (start with the usual clinical one with a leukocyte formula).

Hello. My daughter is 17 years old and she has enlarged lymph nodes, the largest under the jaw near the ear, no one can diagnose, they passed a bunch of tests, the analysis for mononucleosis showed that the infection was transferred. There is no temperature, tomorrow they will do a biopsy to exclude oncology. The lymph node is quite large and hard when pressed, hurts and also in the morning and evening. What to do? Can you tell me?

Hello. Unfortunately, when the diagnosis cannot be made by doctors who have the opportunity to see the child and the results of all his analyzes, we, alas, cannot say something in absentia. All test data and a thorough history are required. It is unlikely that online consultants can be useful to you, unless, of course, you send us scanned copies of all survey results.

Hello, the lymph nodes under the jaw have swollen. The face is straight square. Already 5 days, no fever or special pain. Only sometimes when swallowing. In the hospital they measured the temperature and released with God. But it does not get better (where to look for the cause?

Hello. You need to contact a competent therapist and ENT doctor. If they also cannot determine the cause, they will have to go to the hematologist (first take a blood test with a leukocyte formula).

Hello! Please tell me, is it normal that in the groin area on one side the lymph node is dense and feels good with your fingers? On the other hand, almost nothing is felt. The enlarged lymph node itself does not hurt, does not cause discomfort (except perhaps psychological). Feeling as usual. Could this be due to poor immunity? Who should you contact?

Hello. Start with a visit to the gynecologist, perhaps there is inflammation, which is sometimes asymptomatic and most often just one-sided.

Hello. For about a week now, my lymph nodes in my neck are enlarged, without redness, but with an accompanying temperature of 37.2. Tell me who to contact and is it dangerous?

The information is provided for informational purposes only. Do not self-medicate. At the first sign of disease, consult a doctor. There are contraindications, a doctor's consultation is necessary. The site may contain content that is prohibited for viewing by persons under 18 years of age.

From the organs of the head, the lymphatic vessels deliver lymph to the lymph nodes, which lie in small groups at the border of the head and neck [occipital, mastoid (behind the ear), parotid, retropharyngeal, facial, submandibular, submental] (Fig. 93). From these nodes, the lymph is directed through the vessels to the superficial and deep lymph nodes of the neck (front, side, back), into which the lymphatic vessels from the neck organs also flow. The outflowing lymphatic vessels of the nodes of the largest cervical chain - lateral deep cervical (internal jugular) lymph nodes - form the jugular (lymphatic) trunk.

Occipital lymph nodesnodi lymphatici occipitdles(1-6), lie on the superficial layer of the cervical fascia, behind the insertion site of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, as well as under this leaf on the belt muscle of the head and under this muscle near the occipital blood vessels. Lymphatic vessels from the skin of the occipital region and from the deep tissues of the occiput approach the occipital lymph nodes. The outflowing lymphatic vessels of the occipital nodes are directed to the lateral deep cervical lymph nodes (nodes of the accessory nerve chain).

Mastoid(behind the ear) the lymph nodes,nodi lymphatici mastoidei(1-4), localized behind the auricle on the mastoid process at the site of attachment of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They take the lymphatic vessels from the auricle and the skin of the parietal region. The outflowing lymphatic vessels of these nodes are directed to the parotid, superficial cervical (near the external jugular vein) and to the lateral deep cervical (internal jugular) lymph nodes.

Parotid lymph nodesnodi lymphatici parotidei,located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe salivary gland of the same name. Outside (laterally) of this gland lie superficial parotid lymph nodes, nodi lymphatici parotidei superficiales(1-4), and under the capsule of the gland and in the thickness of the parotid gland between "its lobules are small deep parotid (intraglandular) lymph nodes, nodi lymphatici parotidei profundi intraglanduldres(4-10). Lymphatic vessels are directed to the parotid lymph nodes from the skin and other organs of the frontal and parietal regions of the head, from the auricle, external auditory canal, auditory tube, upper lip, parotid gland. The outflowing lymphatic vessels of these nodes are directed to the superficial (near the external jugular vein) and lateral deep (along the internal jugular vein) cervical lymph nodes.

Pharyngeal lymph nodesnodi lymphatici retropha-ryngeales(1-3), lie on the prevertebral plate of the cervical fascia behind the pharynx and on its lateral walls. Lymphatic vessels are directed to these nodes from the walls of the pharynx, the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal (paranasal) sinuses, from the tonsils and palate, the auditory tube and * the tympanic cavity of the middle ear. The outflowing lymphatic vessels of the pharyngeal nodes flow into the lateral deep cervical (internal jugular) lymph nodes.

Mandibular lymph nodesnodi lymphatici tap-dibuldres(I-3), unstable, lie subcutaneously on the outer surface of the mandible, near the facial arteries and veins. In the subcutaneous base (fiber) of the cheeks near the facial vessels are also unstable facial (buccal) lymph nodes, nodi lymphatici facidtes (buccina-torii).Vessels from the skin of the face, soft tissues of the eyelid, nose, lips, cheeks are directed to the lymph nodes of these groups. Their outflow vessels flow into submandibular lymph nodes,nodi lymphatici submandibulares(6-8), which are located in the submandibular triangle, anterior and posterior to the salivary gland of the same name. The lymphatic vessels of the submandibular nodes are directed downward along the facial vein and flow into the lateral deep cervical (internal jugular) lymph nodes. Submental lymph nodes,nodi lymphatici submentdles(1-8), are located on the lower surface of the sublingual muscle, between the anterior abdomens of the right and left digastric muscles, from the chin to the body of the hyoid bone.

The division of the lymph nodes of the neck is based on their relation to the superficial plate of the cervical fascia, as well as to the large vessels of the neck. In this regard, the superficial cervical lymph nodes that lie on the surface plate and the deep ones under it are distinguished. Separate regional groups of lymph nodes lie near the large vessels - the veins of the neck (Fig. 94).

G Superficial cervical lymph nodes,nodi lymphatici cervicdles superficidles(1-5), occurring in 3/4 of cases, are located near the external jugular vein (1-3 nodes), on the trapezius muscle (1-2 nodes), in the back of the neck and rarely near the anterior jugular vein (1 node) ... Their outflowing lymphatic vessels are directed to the lateral deep cervical lymph nodes that lie near the internal jugular vein and the external branch of the accessory nerve.

Deep cervical lymph nodes,nodi lymphatici cervicdles profundi,concentrated in the anterior and lateral regions of the neck. To the anterior deep cervical lymph nodes

relate prelaryngeal lymph nodes, nodi lymphatici prelaryngedles(1-2), thyroid, nodi lymphatici thyroidei(1-2), pretracheal, nodi lymphatici pretracheales(1 - 8), paratracheal, nodi lymphatici paratracheales(1-7) lying next to the trachea. In the lateral region of the neck, there are numerous lymph nodes (11-68), which form several regional groups. it lateral cervical deep(internal jugular)the lymph nodes,nodi lymphatici cervicdles laterales profundi(7-60). They are localized near the internal jugular vein; 1-8 lymph nodes in the form of a chain adjoin the outer branch of the accessory nerve. Near the superficial branch of the transverse artery of the neck there are from 1 to 8 lymph nodes. In the lateral region of the neck there are also non-permanent lymph nodes (1-2) lying on the belt muscle of the head. Through the outflowing lymphatic vessels of these nodes, the lymph flows to the lateral cervical deep lymph nodes, which are adjacent to the internal jugular vein on all sides from the base of the skull to the place of confluence with the subclavian vein. In the group of lateral cervical deep lymph nodes, jugular-digastric node,nodus jugulodigdstricus,and jugular-scapular-hyoid node,nodus juguloomohyoideus,to which are directed mainly the lymphatic vessels of the tongue. The first of these nodes is located at the level of the intersection of the posterior abdomen of the digastric muscle with the internal jugular vein, and the second - in the place where the abdomen of the scapular-hyoid muscle is adjacent to the anterior surface of the internal jugular vein.

The lymphatic vessels of the lateral cervical deep lymph nodes form on each side of the neck jugular trunk,tr (incus juguldris (dexter et sinister).This trunk flows into the venous angle or into one of the veins forming it on the corresponding side, or into the right lymphatic duct and the terminal section of the thoracic duct (left).