Menopause or menopause occurs during a decrease in the level of female sex hormones, which leads to the gradual cessation of reproductive function in the body of a woman. This is a natural process, and he expects any woman.
Despite the fact that the menopause is associated with a severe and long course, it should be understood that this is not always the case.
The woman's condition during menopause can be controlled and alleviated with the help of individually selected therapy.
Climax and its phases
What affects the start time
The onset of menopause in women is assumed to be observed before the age of. It happens that the onset of hormonal changes occurs earlier, for example in 43-44 years, or later.
Most often, this circumstance is not a pathology, rather it is associated with a genetic predisposition. As a rule, the onset of menopause occurs at the same age at which it occurred in women according to the pedigree - in mother, grandmother.
But not always the cause of the early or late onset of menopause is heredity.
Other factors may be the cause of the pathological development of menopause, for example:
- illnesses;
- malfunctioning of internal organs;
- operations.
Menopause at age 40 and earlier
If menopausal changes begin to manifest as early as 41-42 years, and even more so if immediately after 39-40 years, then it is believed that such a development is early.
Early menopause occurs quite rarely. If nevertheless there are symptoms of hormonal changes, you should consult a doctor to choose a therapy for maximally alleviating menopause.
In addition to the fact that the woman’s ability to conceive with menopause is significantly reduced and gradually dying away, the processes of natural aging are much closer.
In addition to hormonal changes, the likelihood of cardiovascular and joint diseases increases. According to statistics, a sign of early menopause is also an insidious Alzheimer's disease.
First signs
The onset of menopause begins with changes on the hormonal background. These transformations can proceed unnoticed at first.
A visible symptom of internal changes may be menstrual irregularities and destabilization. Menstruation can take place irregularly, with different intensities. In the middle of the cycle, other uterine secretions are possible, which signal a failure of the stable functioning of the reproductive system.
When the body begins to significantly respond to a lack of estrogens, symptoms typical of the menopause can begin:
- tides;
- headache;
- fatigue.
In addition, libido may decrease, the desire to live a sexual life fades against the background of menopause symptoms.
Reasons for the onset
The main reason for the onset of menopause is hormonal changes.
It is so inherent in nature that the female body undergoes various changes during life, which are characterized by hormonal changes:
- in pre-teen girls testosterone formation;
- during adolescence, menstruation begins and estrogen production occurs;
- during pregnancy, development occurs prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone and progesterone;
- when approaching in old age, the functionality of the ovaries decreases and occurs cessation of estrogen production.
NOTE!
Climax cannot be avoided - this process indicates the last physiological restructuring in the life cycle of the female body.
Main symptoms
The symptomatology of menopause is in many cases similar.
The main symptoms of a decrease in ovarian activity are:
- tides;
- anxiety;
- dizziness;
If we consider the symptoms of menopausal changes in relation to various body systems, then we can distinguish the following signs of menopause:
- from the nervous system - drowsiness and irritability, anxiety, apnea. This condition most often occurs due to night and frequent daytime tides;
- from the cardiovascular system - increased heart rate in the morning,;
- with the genitourinary system -, the likelihood of developing vaginitis increases against the background of a decrease in estrogen, atrophic cystourethritis, prolapse of the uterus in diseases that affect the pelvic muscles;
- on the part of the skin - there is increased dryness of the skin, deep wrinkles are formed, the elasticity of skin tissues is lost, often pigment spots form on the surface of the skin;
- from the bone - bone fragility occurs against a background of calcium deficiency, osteoporosis develops, painful sensations can occur when changing or prolonged stable position (standing, walking, bending).
Symptoms of menopause can manifest with varying intensity. To prevent their development or to stop pain syndromes, you should consult a doctor to determine the treatment system and alleviate severe symptoms.
A regular visit to the gynecologist can help to ensure the health and stability of a woman during menopause.
Especially pronounced are symptoms that are associated with hot flashes. 
The tides
Most often, it is the tides that bring discomfort, fatigue and irritability during hormonal changes in the body of a woman. These characteristic manifestations are the responses of the hypothalamus to changes in body temperature.
With a decrease in ovarian efficiency and estrogen deficiency, the hypothalamus perceives body temperature as slightly elevated. It is to high temperature that the thermoregulatory part of the brain reacts with the manifestation of heat and increased sweating. This condition most often ends with chills throughout the body.
If during menopause there is a constant shortage of estrogens, then this reaction of the body can occur repeatedly during the day. Especially the tides at night are the cause of insomnia, irritation, nervous tension. Severe sweating makes you change clothes several times a night, take a shower, which causes chronic lack of sleep, daytime sleepiness.
To do this, you must completely change your mode:
- emphasis in nutrition should be placed on vegetables and fruitsadhere to the diet and monitor the water balance;
- need to do exercise regularly every day;
- completely exclude smoking and alcohol;
- maintain regular sex life;
- avoid stress;
- observe systematic intake of fortified complexes.
With an active and healthy lifestyle, menopause can be pushed back for several years, which will allow a woman to maintain youth and beauty longer. 
Conclusion
Thus, menopause in 40 years is a fairly early restructuring.
It is known that the later the climax occurs, the aging occurs later, the woman's life expectancy is longer. To delay the onset of menopause, you should lead an active lifestyle, not refrain from sexual intercourse, adhere to a healthy diet.
With early onset of menopause symptoms, the ovaries can be made to work fully so that the onset of this period appears as late as possible. For this, it is necessary to regularly visit a gynecologist and determine with him a course of therapy and a method for restoring ovarian function at least temporarily.
Useful video
The video tells how the psychological state affects the appearance of an early menopause:
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The onset of menopause women perceive differently. Someone is experiencing, linking him directly with old age. Others relate to age-related changes as something natural. But at the age of 40, not everyone is ready to accept the changes. As a rule, the appearance of the first signs of menopause in a woman 40-44 years old is considered not entirely timely. Sometimes some, having finally achieved material well-being, can only now afford to have a baby. Nature does not take into account the plans of women. But there are ways to extend fertility.
Content:
Age of menopause
Climax occurs when there are no eggs in the ovaries. Their number is individual, laid back in the period of intrauterine development. At about 11-14 years of age, the girl has menstruation, the eggs begin to mature in the ovaries, and the production of sex hormones occurs. These substances regulate the functioning of the uterus, physical development, brain activity, the work of the nervous, cardiovascular and other body systems.
Depletion of the egg supply slows down all processes, which is manifested by changes in appearance, as well as characteristic ailments. How early menopause comes depends on the size of this stock.
On average, menopause occurs in 48-52 years, although for some, the ability to give birth to children can disappear only after 55, and for others at 41 and even earlier. If there are no diseases of the genital organs, then an early menopause can be considered the norm. Most often in such cases, the age of menopause is associated with a hereditary predisposition.
It is impossible to delay the onset of menopause, since not a single remedy helps to restore the eggs. It is known that in those who use hormonal contraceptives, the manifestations are milder, because the body artificially maintains the ratio of sex hormones corresponding to the norm, the period of adaptation to age-related changes stretches for a longer period.
What accelerates the onset of menopause
The following factors can accelerate the onset of the menopausal period:
- amputation of the ovaries due to rupture or the formation of tumors;
- disruption of the endocrine system;
- metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus, obesity, anorexia;
- chromosomal abnormalities in the body;
- congenital underdevelopment of the genitals;
- harsh living conditions, poisoning with toxins (adverse ecology, harmful working conditions), nervous shock;
- prolonged use of hormonal drugs and contraceptives;
- chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Harmful substances with prolonged poisoning of the body by nicotine, drugs, alcohol affect the brain, disrupting the functioning of nerve centers, the production of pituitary hormones. This leads to premature termination of the ovaries and aging of the body.
Ovarian diseases also affect their work. At the same time, they become immune to the action of hormones that stimulate the production of estrogen and progesterone, and menstruation stops. If these changes are irreversible, then an early menopause occurs.
Video: What triggers early ovarian exhaustion
Symptoms and signs of menopause
A feature of menopause at the age of 43-44 years old is that menstrual irregularities, weakening of the nervous system and the brain come to the fore. The first signs of a decrease in the production of female sex hormones are irregular periods, a change in the nature and behavior of the woman.
Menstrual irregularities
Menstruation comes chaotically, long delays can occur. In addition, the nature of menstruation is changing. They are short and scanty, and at times uterine bleeding occurs. Often they are taken for menstruation, although often they are associated with any pathologies that occur against the background of hormonal disorders. This is the peculiarity of menopause symptoms in 40-45 years, which mask the first manifestations of the most serious diseases, in particular, polycystic ovary, uterine cancer.
Before menstruation disappears completely, premenopause continues for 2-3 years. At this time, ovulation occurs less and less, which means that it is much more difficult for a woman to get pregnant. If for some reason she postponed the birth of her first child, then at the age of 40 and later she may already have to face infertility.
Note: Doctors advise women who decide to give birth only after 30-35 to think in advance about freezing eggs so that at a later age they have the opportunity to produce IVF and get pregnant in this way.
At 45 and even earlier, it is undesirable to neglect preventive visits to doctors of various fields, in particular, a gynecologist and mammologist, since the risk of hormone-dependent tumors at this age is significantly increased. Doubts about the origin of cycle disorders can be resolved by making a blood test for pituitary hormones FSH and LH. The condition of menopause corresponds to characteristic changes in their content in the blood.
A very important point is high-quality contraception, the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Sometimes women cease to be protected during this period, being sure that they cannot already become pregnant, since menstruation does not come for months. However, the chaotic arrival of menstruation does not mean that the appearance of a cycle with full ovulation is generally impossible. Doctors advise you to carefully select contraceptives, to protect yourself from pregnancy for another 1 year from the appearance of the last menstruation. Only after their absence for 12 months can we say with confidence that menopause has come, pregnancy is impossible.
Psychological factor
The onset of menopause at 40-45 years, as a rule, becomes an unpleasant surprise for a woman. Lack of estrogen leads to the emergence of neuropsychic disorders, a change in character and behavior. Irritability, short temper appears, often for no reason the mood changes. The sharper the worries about the onset of a new period in life, the more severe the symptoms.
Manifestations of neurosis are insomnia, headaches. During this period, it is very important what lifestyle a woman leads. If she has an interesting job, an extensive range of classes, has friends, family responsibilities exist, then she suffers the inevitable ailments easily.
A sedentary lifestyle, increased suspiciousness and self-doubt contribute to the fact that menopause will last longer and harder.
Typical manifestations of menopause
The deterioration of metabolism and the assimilation of beneficial nutrients leads to the fact that cell formation and tissue regeneration slows down, so there is a further development of menopause symptoms in women.
The tides. They arise due to disruption of the autonomic nervous system and are one of the most famous manifestations of menopause. Tides occur several times a day. Suddenly there is a sensation of heat, "throws into sweat." The heartbeat is quickening, there is a lack of air. This condition lasts several minutes, it is replaced by chills and weakness. The power of sensation is different for everyone. Some do not even pay attention to such a condition, it passes so quickly and rarely appears. Others even faint, and hot flashes recur very often.
Migraine. Another typical symptom is severe and frequent headaches, which appear due to changes in the state of blood vessels, malfunctions of the nerve centers that regulate the cardiovascular system. For the same reason, jumps in blood pressure occur, heart disease worsens.
Lack of calcium and magnesium in healthy young women, as a rule, this is not the most urgent problem, but the first manifestations are already making themselves felt. There are special vitamin-mineral complexes containing these and other useful trace elements. With their help, you can quickly restore the condition of bone tissue, hair, nails, eliminate dry skin, and prevent the destruction of tooth enamel. To do this, you need to visit doctors a little more often, do control tests to prevent the development of osteoporosis.
Decreased vision, hearing, memory, attention. All these are consequences of a brain malnutrition and poor circulation.
Vaginal dryness. A decrease in estrogen production leads to a decrease in the amount of mucus by the glands of the cervix. A protective plug is formed from it, it does not pass the infection into the uterus and serves as a lubricant, moisturizes the vagina, making sexual intercourse comfortable. Lack of mucus leads to a more frequent occurrence in women of infectious diseases of the uterus and appendages, as well as inflammatory diseases of the external genital organs. Lack of lubrication leads to pain during sexual intercourse.
Decreased sexual activity perhaps, but it is not manifested in all. It all depends on the state of health, individual characteristics of the psyche and physiology. It is no secret that sometimes a woman aged 40-45 is more sexually active than a 20-25 year old. And to fill the lack of lubrication in the vagina, you can use special gels.
When to see a doctor
The following symptoms should not be ignored during this period:
- the appearance of discharge, having an unusual color, containing lumps, blood clots, foam flakes (signs of infectious, inflammatory diseases of the genital organs);
- the occurrence of profuse uterine bleeding, pain in the abdomen and back (can talk about diseases of the uterus and ovaries);
- a change in the shape of the mammary glands, the appearance of asymmetry of the nipples, discharge from them, as well as the occurrence of seals, painful sensations;
- frequent colds and viral diseases (a consequence of a decrease in immunity, vitamin deficiency);
- the appearance of attacks of tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypertension;
- the occurrence of pain in the bones and joints, fractures of the limbs;
- persistent insomnia, nervous breakdowns, depression.
After 35 years, women need to be examined once a year by a gynecologist, mammologist. In the event of the slightest signs of trouble, you should immediately contact a neurologist, endocrinologist, cardiologist and other specialists.
Positive moments of the early onset of menopause
In the early onset of menopause, there are also advantages, such as the absence of premenstrual syndrome, painful swelling of the chest, abdominal pain, monthly bleeding that violates plans, interfering with active life and sexual relations. Symptoms of menopause disappear after 2-3 years, and then a long, active and full life continues, in which only a little more attention needs to be paid to caring for your appearance and preventing diseases.
Modern medical advances allow a woman, even with a decrease in the reproductive abilities of the body, to become pregnant through IVF and give birth to a child 39 years later.
Note: Even if there are no eggs in the ovaries at all, you can use donor ones (for example, take them from your sister), fertilize them with the husband’s sperm, and then transplant the patient into the uterus, giving her the opportunity to bear and give birth to a baby.
Having realized all this, a woman even at 40 years old will perceive menopause not as a tragedy, but as a transition to a new phase of life.
Video: How to maintain health after 40 years at the first sign of menopause
Treatment
In the event that the symptoms of menopause are so strong that they interfere with life, a sharp deterioration in health occurs, they resort to hormone replacement therapy. A preliminary examination is preliminarily carried out, since this method has many contraindications. Such treatment is not prescribed if a woman has tumor of the breast or genitals. HRT is contraindicated in diseases of the heart and blood vessels, as well as the liver, kidneys, blood, thyroid gland and other endocrine organs.
Treatment for menopause in young women is aimed at eliminating neurosis, maintaining normal blood pressure and heart function, easing hot flashes. Doctors strongly advise to get rid of bad habits, eat fortified foods, fight excess weight, exercise, strengthen immunity.
Hormone therapy is performed to restore the ratio of sex hormones, which helps to alleviate symptoms, extend the period of the onset of menstruation, and stimulate ovulation if a woman dreams about a baby. For this purpose, drugs containing estrogens (Divigel, Ovestin) or combination drugs containing estrogens and progesterones (Klimonorm, Angelik, Divina) are used.
If hormonal treatment is contraindicated, then you can use homeopathic remedies ("Klimoksan"), herbal remedies ("Klimadinon", "Inoclim"), dietary supplements ("Bonisan") to restore estrogen levels. All drugs are taken only as directed by a doctor.
The onset of menopause is accompanied by a number of characteristic signs. They are present throughout this condition, right up to postmenopause, when they disappear. May have a different degree of severity, individual for each patient. The signs of menopause in women at 40 years old need to know in order to begin their elimination in a timely manner. This greatly simplifies the transfer of such a state.
Collapse
Characteristic symptoms develop as a result of hormonal failure. With age, ovarian function is gradually inhibited by natural factors. They begin to produce less estrogen and progesterone, as well as some other hormones. As a result of such an imbalance, which normally occurs after 40 years, a number of changes in the body occur. It is these changes that lead to the appearance of characteristic signs of menopause.
Cycle changes
The menstrual cycle and the nature of the course of menstruation directly depend on the level of estrogen and the rate of its production. Since it is the increase in the level of this hormone that leads to the fact that the endometrium thickens and begins to be updated. Therefore, it is the changes in the menstrual cycle, usually these are the first signs of menopause.
Hypomenstrual
A number of symptoms that are associated with a decrease in the severity of menstruation. This condition can manifest itself in different ways. Usually, one of three manifestations is observed, or all of them in a complex:
- An increase in the interval between menstruation, while it is not constant, and may increase and decrease from month to month, but generally seem to be increased;
- Reducing the duration of menstruation - from normal six to two to three days, at the same time, at the early stages, such violations can be periodic, but later become permanent;
- Reducing the volume of bloody secretions, they can acquire a smearing character, which, again, does not occur regularly, but periodically.
These are the most characteristic symptoms of menopause in women at 40 years of age, as well as at a different age. Other changes described below are much more rare.
Hypermenstrual
As mentioned above, such changes are much less common. They are the exact opposite of hypomenstrual symptoms. That is, the volume of discharge during menstruation can increase, and menstruation becomes more plentiful. This is due to changes and instability of the hormonal level. Also, sometimes there is an uneven shortening of the interval between menstruation.
Cycle changes
These are not obvious symptoms of menopause in women after 40 years. Such develop under the influence of hormonal changes and do not have external manifestations. Their presence can be established only by periodically donating blood to hormones on different days of the menstrual cycle.
The nature of such changes is as follows: under the influence of age-related changes, the rate of production of certain hormones is disrupted. As a result, certain hormonal phases of the cycle are absent. The most characteristic phenomenon is the absence of ovulation, when the egg does not mature due to the lack of conditions for this.
Out of cycle bleeding
Jumps in the level of hormones in the blood can sometimes cause a spontaneous start of endometrial renewal. As a result, a woman may experience bleeding that is not associated with the menstrual cycle. They occur uncontrollably, without the influence of any external factors.
Pain
Another characteristic sign of menopause. They differ in severity and localization, can have a diverse nature and duration. The following species are most characteristic. 
In the chest
Occur in connection with the menstrual cycles. Manifest in the first 3-4 days after the onset of menstruation. Normally, pass after that. During menopause, they can manifest themselves quite strongly.
In back
They have a pulling or aching character. Usually concentrated in the lumbar region. Occur with or without a connection with the menstrual cycle. Stopped by analgesics is bad enough.
In a stomach
Usually, they have the same character as in premenstrual syndrome or during menstruation, and the same nature. They can arise both in connection with the cycle (stronger than before), and without communication with it. Most often, they disappear after undergoing menopause.
Headaches
Changes in hormonal levels can cause significant headaches. They are especially pronounced in women suffering from migraines. Migraine attacks become frequent and longer. The condition passes with the passage of menopause.
Pressure
The characteristic signs of menopause in women at 40 are changes in blood pressure and its jumps. This is due to the fact that hormones partially control vascular tone. With changes in hormones, changes in vascular tone are also observed. Often there is a spasm. This phenomenon manifests itself as an increase in blood pressure.
His jumps can be either related or not related to external factors. Usually, the condition is successfully regulated by appropriate drugs. In postmenopausal women, blood pressure may return to normal.
The tides
High tides mean the periodic appearance of intense heat in the upper body. It comes suddenly, and then, after a few seconds, also suddenly disappears. Tides in rare cases last up to several minutes. And then they give way to chills.
This happens because hormones are involved in the processes of thermoregulation. Nerve cells capture changes in the external environment and transmit a signal about them to the hypothalamus. From there, this signal is transmitted through hormones throughout the body. Energy, metabolic and other processes begin to change. With an unstable level of hormones, the signal is transmitted distorted, and the body regulates erroneously. 
Sweating
This condition accompanies the tides. It is also associated with violations of thermoregulation in the body. Usually, sweating is very strong. In a few seconds the tide a woman can completely cover herself with sweat, sometimes to such an extent that it is necessary to change clothes. The treatment of menopause, in many ways, is aimed specifically at reducing the severity of hot flashes and sweating, as these symptoms are one of the most severe.
Urination problems
Changes in the hormonal level lead to a decrease in the tone of some muscles. In particular, the tone of the sphincter and bladder. The patient notes this as a frequent urination in small portions. It is associated with the fact that the bladder cannot hold a sufficient amount of urine. Usually, with timely therapy, this phenomenon does not cause any particular inconvenience.
Reproductive system
There are a number of changes in the reproductive system. Climax at the age of 40, like the early one, leads to the disappearance of the ability to become pregnant. This condition is natural, and in most cases it is impossible to cure.
From the libido, various changes are possible. In some cases, there is a significant increase during menopause, followed by extinction in postmenopausal women. In others, on the contrary, its extinction and appearance again during the menopause.
However, sexual contact can be painful and unpleasant due to the thinning of the mucosa due to hormonal imbalance. The production of vaginal secretion is also reduced. This manifests itself as the appearance of itching and burning, both during intercourse and outside it. In addition, this condition greatly increases the likelihood of developing infections and inflammatory processes in the vagina, on the mucosa.
Worsening well-being
Climax at 40, as at any other age, leads to a deterioration in the quality of life and a general change in state. Such manifestations can be reduced by taking hormonal drugs. Or they themselves go through the postmenopausal period. These are the following phenomena:
- Insomnia appears because the production of melatonin is reduced. This hormone is responsible for the regulation of sleep and a decrease in its production leads to the fact that sleep becomes intermittent and superficial;
- Anxiety is also associated with changes in hormonal levels. Often occurs at night, and is also characteristic of tidal periods;
- Changes in mood also occur due to instability of the hormonal level. Tearfulness, irritability, apathy, and more may occur;
- Fatigue is another characteristic feature. Her reasons also lie in changes in the hormonal level.
All this can also be accompanied by deterioration in the condition of the skin, its dryness, loss of elasticity, etc. This is due to the fact that it is estrogen that maintains the beauty of the skin in women.
In the modern world, women are trying to achieve as much as possible materially, before devoting themselves to motherhood. But unfortunately, this is not included in the plans of the female body. Often the onset of the first symptoms of menopause in women at 40 years old is perceived as a tragedy. Not every lady is ready to put up with this. Some perceive menopause as the decline of life and the approach of old age, while others - as natural changes in the body, laid down by nature.
The number of eggs is laid in the womb. At a transitional age, they begin to mature under the influence of sex hormones, which control all the systems of the female body, from nervous to sexual.
With age, the number of germ cells in the ovaries decreases and when they do not remain at all, menopause occurs. After its onset, the body slows down its processes. The skin becomes less elastic and begins to age. General weakness appears in the body and other ailments.
It is believed that menopause usually occurs between 48 and 52 years old.. But this phenomenon is individual. Someone is waiting for the onset of menopause at the age of 39, and someone is able to conceive a child up to the age of 55. If a woman has a strong reproductive system, early onset of menopause is a non-pathological manifestation of the body. Usually this manifestation is associated with heredity.
Unfortunately, delaying the onset of menopause is unrealistic. There is not a single tool capable of doing this.
Accelerating factors
Usually the onset of the first signs of menopause in women at 44 years old. Malfunctions of the menstrual cycle and general ailments appear, the nature of the discharge changes. There may be an earlier onset of menopause, at 41 years old, for example. There are many things that can accelerate the onset of menopause.. These include:
The first signs of menopause in women at 44 years old and earlier manifested themselves in irregular menstruation and malfunctions of the nervous system. This response was caused by a sharp decrease in the production of sex hormones.
In physical terms
Before menopause, menstrual flow appears irregularly and with delays. They become scarce, and the period of menstruation is short. Sometimes uterine bleeding appears, which is very similar to menstruation.
It is worth remembering that bleeding is a signal of serious violations in the woman's reproductive system, such as a malignant tumor of the uterus. Therefore, uterine bleeding requires careful diagnosis.
A few years before menopause, the ovulatory period begins to occur less and less. A 44-year-old woman whose health with age is less and less suggests the possibility of conception may face infertility. Therefore, do not postpone pregnancy to such a late period.
Gynecologists advise women who for some reason decide to postpone conception to freeze germ cells in advance. So that even after 50 years they could feel all the joys of motherhood with the help of artificial insemination.
Closer to menopause, the risk of developing tumors increases every year. For prevention, you must regularly visit specialists such as a mammologist and gynecologist.
It is impossible to neglect contraception during the period of restructuring the reproductive system. An irregular menstrual cycle does not guarantee that ovulation cannot be. Experts advise to protect against unwanted pregnancy for another 12 months, after the last menstruation.
From the psyche
Early menopause at age 40 can be a big blow to a woman. Reducing the level of female hormones affects behavior. There is a nervous breakdown, irritability and sudden changes in mood.
How easily a woman can endure such a difficult period for her body depends on whether she is happy with her life. If she has a favorite job, her husband, children, good friends, she will not show symptoms such as insomnia and migraines.
Age-related changes lead to a slowdown in metabolism, which, in turn, promotes aging. Hence the appearance of signs that a woman begins menopause.
- The tides. One of the most recognizable symptoms. The main feature of the tides is the heat, which sharply throws into sweat. They appear several times a day for 2-3 minutes. With them, the heart begins to beat faster, chills and general ailments appear. The strength of the attacks is different for everyone. Some may cause loss of consciousness, while others may not even notice its onset.
- Migraine. It is a common manifestation of menopause. It is characterized by a strong, unbearable headache. In addition to migraine, exacerbation of heart disease and hypertension often occur.
- Deterioration of memory, hearing, attention and vision. This is due to the deterioration of cerebral circulation.
- Decreased vaginal discharge. A decrease in the amount of female hormones leads to dryness in the vagina. The lack of secretions reduces the protection of the genital organs from infections and inflammatory processes. Sexual intercourse can be uncomfortable due to lack of lubrication.
- Decreased libido. Of course, this depends on the characteristics of the psyche and the health of the woman. Sometimes women become more passionate than they were in their youth.
With some manifestations of the body, you must definitely consult a specialist. They may be pathological in nature. These symptoms include:
Premature onset of menopause has its advantages. The premenstrual cycle, which painfully passes in many girls, ends. Terribly ceases to pull the lower abdomen and chest pain. Menstruation, which so often interferes with an active lifestyle and sex, ends. Climax manifests its unpleasant signs in just a few years, and then begins a new active life. A woman can only pay her health a little more attention.
The development of medicine allows you to have a baby even after 45 with the help of IVF. Even if menopause has already come. It is possible to carry out the fertilization of donor cells and plant them in the patient's body for bearing the fetus.
Content
The process of extinction of the functions of the reproductive system is an inevitable phenomenon in the life of every woman. The onset of menopause depends on many factors. Why does this cause concern and panic if changes begin at age 40? What signs accompany this period? Women need to know how to properly prepare for the difficult stage of life, what to do to relieve symptoms.
What is menopause
The female body has a certain supply of eggs needed to conceive a new life. There comes a period when this amount is depleted, menopause (menopause) begins - the process of extinction of reproductive activity. This moment is characterized by such changes:
- ovarian function attenuation begins;
- the pituitary gland is disturbed;
- synthesis of sex hormones is reduced;
- the menstrual cycle is upset.
In the menopause, the sexual functions of the female body gradually cease. Its duration can be several years, which depends on external and internal reasons. The main indicator of the state of the reproductive system is menstrual bleeding. During menopause, they can have this character:
- long delay of menstruation - up to several months;
- increase in cycle time;
- heavy bleeding;
- scanty discharge;
- lack of regularity;
- shorter cycle times.
At what age does it start
Gynecologists can not clearly say when a woman will begin menopause. Everything happens very individually, depending on the state of the body, concomitant pathologies, external factors. It is considered to be the beginning of menopause the absence of menstruation for more than 12 months. The process can begin at any age:
- up to 40 years - early menopause;
- after 55 years - late;
- from 45 to 54 years - the time of the predominant appearance of menopause, is considered the norm according to statistics from around the world.
A woman goes through a menopause with a certain sequence. Gynecologists distinguish several of its stages:
- Premenopause - the beginning of the subsidence of ovarian function. There is a decrease in the synthesis of sex hormones, menstrual irregularities begin. The period can last from three to six years.
- Menopause - comes from the last menstruation, is accompanied by changes in the functions of the whole organism, lasts a year. This time is the end of the childbearing stage.
- Postmenopause - characterized by a minimum of estrogen, the duration of the period - until the last days of life.
Why climax occurs in 40 years
There are external causes that contribute to the beginning of the extinction of sexual functions. An early menopause in women 40 years old provokes an unfavorable environment in the area of \u200b\u200bresidence. Among the factors for the onset of menopause are:
- hereditary predisposition;
- stressful situations;
- chemotherapy treatment;
- radiation exposure;
- alcohol abuse
- smoking;
- hard work;
- psychological overload;
- lack of physical activity;
- exposure to chemicals;
- rigid diets;
- hunger strikes.
Climax at 40 can provoke internal causes. Among the factors affecting the early extinction of the sexual function of a woman's body, there are:
- gynecological abortion;
- impaired adrenal function;
- thyroid pathology;
- diabetes;
- obesity;
- diseases of the genitourinary system;
- gynecological pathologies;
- hormonal disbalance;
- surgery on the mammary gland, uterus, ovaries;
- malignant neoplasms;
- heart disease, blood vessels.
The first signs of menopause in women at 40
Minor changes in the menstrual cycle, poor sleep, irritability - these symptoms are rarely paid serious attention to at the age of 40. Women begin to worry when they feel a decrease in sexual activity, a sharp cessation of menstruation. The first signs of an early menopause may be:
- sudden weight gain;
- depression;
- tearfulness;
- a sharp change in mood;
- increased heart rate;
- breast engorgement;
- the appearance of flushing of blood to the head.
Important symptoms of menopause at age 40 are menstrual irregularities. In women during this period, the following can sometimes be observed:
- significant volumes of secreted blood;
- an increase in the period between subsequent menstruation up to several months;
- shorter cycle times;
- a small amount of menstrual blood;
- abrupt interruption of monthly cycles.
Symptoms of menopause in women at 40
Changes in hormone production lead to serious dysfunctions of the entire body. In addition to the failure of the menstrual cycle, there are symptoms that significantly impair the quality of life. How does a woman feel preclimax after 40 years? The condition is accompanied by the appearance of such signs:
- night sweats;
- dizziness;
- frequent urination
- tachycardia;
- urinary incontinence;
- joint pain, muscle pain;
- numbness of limbs;
- dry mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes, and vagina.
A characteristic symptom of menopause at the age of 40 is the onset of hot flashes in the upper body, which is accompanied by redness of the skin, the appearance of spots, a temporary increase in temperature. The characteristic signs of menopause can be considered:
- sleep disorder;
- feeling of lack of air;
- decreased libido;
- frequent headaches;
- change in taste preferences;
- fluctuations in blood pressure;
- changes in the skin - the appearance of pigmentation, wrinkles;
- weight gain;
- increased bone fragility (osteoporosis);
- the development of bacterial infections of the genital organs.
Effects
Hormonal disorders with menopause lead to a change in the functions of the whole organism. If such a period began at age 40, you must constantly be observed by a gynecologist. Methods of therapy, a new lifestyle, diet will help to avoid such serious complications as:
- osteoporosis due to leaching of calcium from bones;
- obesity caused by impaired lipid metabolism;
- cardiovascular pathologies - heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis as a result of a decrease in vascular elasticity;
- oncology of the reproductive system, provoked by a change in the hormonal background.
Diagnostics
Climax, which occurs in a woman at the age of 40, is an abnormal phenomenon that requires treatment by specialists. A gynecologist can correct the condition, reduce the onset of symptoms, delay the onset of this period. Menopause is often accompanied by concomitant pathologies. The doctor after collecting a history appoints laboratory tests, which include:
- general blood test - determines the presence of inflammation;
- biochemical research - reveals the features of the work of organs, cholesterol content;
- general urine test - indicates inflammation, infection.
Early menopause can lead to the development of severe complications, therefore, constant monitoring of a woman by a gynecologist is required. Be sure to regularly measure blood pressure. An important role is given to such blood tests:
- determination of hormonal status - the content of FGS (follicle-stimulating hormone in serum);
- coagulogram - a study of the nature of coagulability;
- clarification of the amount of sugar in the blood to detect the latent form of diabetes.
With menopause, which occurs in a woman at the age of 40, hardware studies are mandatory, including such methods:
- mammography - examination of the mammary glands by x-ray;
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs to detect tumors, cystic formations;
- ultrasound examination of bones with suspected osteoporosis;
- radiothermometry - determination of the presence of inflammation, neoplasm by the strength of thermal radiation of breast tissue
How to alleviate the symptoms of menopause in women
Signs of menopause at age 40 cause a lot of problems. A woman does not get enough sleep, is nervous, constantly sweats, and heat waves during hot flashes are accompanied by palpitations and flushing. To improve the condition, eliminate unpleasant symptoms, it is recommended:
- properly combine work and rest;
- sleep in a ventilated area for at least 8 hours;
- stop smoking;
- refuse to drink alcohol;
- use medications;
- apply traditional medicine recipes.
Relieving the condition with menopause will help compliance with simple rules. A woman in this period is necessary:
- actively relax in the fresh air;
- lead a regular sex life;
- avoid inclinations that contribute to a rush of blood to the head;
- adjust nutrition;
- refuse to visit a hot bath, sauna;
- dress according to the weather, avoiding overheating;
- do not drink coffee, strong tea;
- adjust lifestyle;
- take vitamins.
Food
During menopause, which a woman began at age 40, attention should be paid to nutrition. Calcium-containing foods must be present in the diet to improve bone health, polyunsaturated fatty acids that improve metabolic processes, stabilize hormones. It is advisable to adhere to such rules:
- take food with a certain time;
- serving size should not exceed 250 grams;
- eat 5 times a day;
- be sure to drink water - 2 liters;
- limit the use of sugar, salt;
- steam food, boil, bake.
In the diet of a woman who entered the climacteric period at the age of 40, such dishes and products must be present:
- dairy products - fermented baked milk, kefir;
- lean meat;
- vegetables;
- fruit;
- a fish;
- seafood;
- walnuts;
- legumes;
- garlic;
- dried fruits;
- vegetable soups;
- sea \u200b\u200bkale;
- cereals;
- marmalade;
- jelly;
- marshmallows;
- green tea;
- broths of wild rose, sage, chamomile.
The period of menopause is accompanied by impaired bowel function, an increase in blood sugar and cholesterol, and an increase in body weight. This requires the exclusion of such foods from the diet:
- spicy seasonings;
- smoking;
- strong meat broths;
- sweets;
- baking;
- alcohol
- pickles;
- canned food;
- chocolate
- fatty meat;
- sweet soda;
- white bread;
- fast food;
- semi-finished products;
- mayonnaise;
- coffee.
Lifestyle
When an early menopause in a woman of 40 years begins, it is necessary to change the order of life. To alleviate the severe symptoms of this period, certain rules must be followed. Doctors recommend:
- go through a gynecologist's examination;
- to conduct an examination of the pelvic organs using ultrasound;
- normalize bowel function;
- prevent weight gain;
- practice moderate physical activity - swimming, yoga, water aerobics.
Lifestyle changes will help to cope with hot flashes, increase pressure, calm nerves. For this, doctors advise:
- hiking daily
- do joint gymnastics;
- periodically take massage courses;
- take a contrast shower;
- have a hobby to distract from the situation;
- monitor your health condition;
- maintain a positive attitude.
Drug therapy
The use of drugs is an important component of measures to improve the condition of women with menopause at 40. It is necessary that they be appointed by a gynecologist. Hormone therapy eliminates sweating, hot flashes, sexual dysfunctions. Drugs help prevent pathologies of the cardiovascular system, serve as a prophylaxis of osteoporosis, obesity. Commonly prescribed remedies include:
- preparations with synthetic estrogens - Divigel, Ovestin;
- combined drugs, including additional progesterone - Angelique, Klimonorm.
To mitigate the manifestations of unpleasant signs of menopause help drugs of several groups. Gynecologists recommend that women take:
- Herbal remedies - eliminate convulsions, reduce the frequency of hot flashes - Gabapentin, Tebantin.
- Homeopathic remedies - Extrovel, Climaxan - are used if there are contraindications for hormone therapy.
- Antidepressant drugs - help calm the nervous system, have a sedative effect - Velaxin, Paroxetine.
- Supplements - help to survive a difficult period - Binisan, Epifamin.
During menopause, gynecologists must prescribe vitamins. They are part of the complexes, have a multilateral effect on the body of a woman who is 40 years old:
- Retinol - restores ovarian function, reduces the risk of cancer.
- Thiamine - normalizes blood circulation, improves the function of the nervous system, stabilizes blood pressure.
- Ascorbic acid - strengthens blood vessels, reduces swelling.
- Vitamin D - improves the condition of bones, stabilizes estrogen.
- Pyridoxine - prevents aging of the skin.
- Vitamin E - relieves irritation, nervousness.
Folk recipes
Symptoms of menopause in women after 45 years bring a lot of trouble. Traditional medicine helps relieve the condition. Healers recommend these treatments:
- Make contrast foot baths in the evening to cope with sweating, hot flashes at night.
- In case of insomnia, fill the pillow with mint, fern, laurel, drink lemon balm tea, hop cones (0.5 liter of boiling water per spoon).
- To strengthen the nervous system, add a teaspoon of a mixture of equal parts of alcohol tinctures of hawthorn, motherwort, valerian to 100 ml of water. Take 4 times a day.
When symptoms of menopause are 40 years old, traditional healers recommend using aromatherapy with essential oils: peppermint, cypress, lavender, sage to soothe and quickly fall asleep. To improve health, it is useful to take baths every day for 15 minutes. According to the prescription, you need to take 10 tablespoons of the drug collection, add 3 liters of boiling water, leave for an hour. Strain the broth, pour into a bath with a water temperature of 37 degrees. The composition of the collection includes 100 grams of components.
