Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Trinity-Golenishchevo September 11th, 2014
Trinity Church in Troitsky-Golenishchevo in September 2014.
The first mentions of the village of Golenishchevo on the banks of Setun go back to the second half of the 14th century and are associated with the names of Saints Alexy and Cyprian, metropolitans of Moscow. Under Alexy, a garden was laid out on Golenishchev land, next to which there were cells and cages. Alexy's successor, Cyprian, lived in Golenishchevo, devoting his leisure time to translating church books from Greek into Slavic. Here he reposed in 1406.
The oprichnina (that is, a special one built by the saint for himself) church in the name of the Three Saints was, in all likelihood, wooden and stood on a hill, and was hitherto known under the name of the Three Saints. And in the 17th century in Golenishchevo there was a wooden Trinity Church with the chapel of St. Leonty. In 1644 - 1645, Larion Ushakov (architect?) built a new hipped stone temple in its place, which has survived to this day.
In 1812, Golenishchevo was captured by the French. A stable was built in the temple, and then there was a fire, in which the ancient iconostasis was destroyed (only a few icons survived).
In 1939 the temple was closed. Antimensions (scarves made of silk or linen with a particle of the relics of some Orthodox martyr sewn into them) were moved to the Trinity Church on Sparrow Hills, and the iconostasis was borrowed by Sergei Eisenstein for the filming of the film “Ivan the Terrible” and never returned. A warehouse for raw materials and finished products of the 3rd cardboard factory was set up in the Golenishchevsky church, then leased to the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company, then used as a collection point for waste paper and glass containers.
In 1990, the church was returned to the believers. The first prayer service was served there on January 8, 1991, and regular services resumed in 1992. In 1999, a wooden baptismal chapel in honor of St. Cyprian was added to the refectory part of the temple. Today the church houses a Sunday school and a parish library, an audio and video library with recordings of sermons and services. The parish patronizes the Children's Home in Matveevsky. The monthly parish leaflet "Cyprian's Source" is published.
...And Christians tell a very strange thing: as if Jesus never laughed. They portrayed Christ as very sad, gloomy, tragic - probably because they themselves suffered a lot, not finding meaning in life. And because your churches have turned into cemeteries, joy no longer lives there. And because your sacred scriptures have turned into a snake preserved in alcohol, which can only be seen in a museum. She will live a long time. But the snake, basking in the sun, comes to life. A snake sitting on a rock, dozing off in the evening, a snake crawling up a tree or swimming along the river with branches - this snake is alive. A snake preserved in alcohol will live a long time because it is dead. The real snake, the living snake, will not live long - its death will come. A snake preserved in alcohol is immortal.
Jesus died. He was a flower that bloomed in the morning and left in the evening. But Christ, invented by Christians, lives. This is a snake preserved in alcohol, sealed in a bottle, a museum exhibit. And the scriptures are butterflies pinned with pins. You can collect butterflies and pin them up - they will look like butterflies, but they are no longer butterflies. For what is a butterfly if it is not free, not alive, does not wander from one flower to another, if it is not an winged wanderer - what is it then? She's nothing. Dead body.
Such are your Bibles, and your Vedas, and your Koran. These are made up things. Jesus, the real Jesus, is liberation. You have superimposed on the real Jesus your own Jesus, who never laughs. Jesus was a man of a completely different nature; he associated with beautiful people. He did not communicate with saints - he communicated with drunkards, with gamblers, with prostitutes. He communicated with real people, with genuine people. He did not associate with imaginary saints, he associated with sinners.
Saints are butterflies pinned with pins. Sinners are alive - a snake basking in the sun. Sometimes sinners become saints, but their holiness is of a completely different nature. They don't belong to any church, they don't belong to any sect. Can a saint belong? The saint is like a fragrance, he is free like the wind - he cannot belong. Jesus never belonged to anyone. That's why the Jews were angry with him - they wanted him to belong. Real saints will never be recognized as saints, no church will sanctify them as saints. And the saints consecrated by the church are really imaginary, mumbo-jumbo, false, artificial, synthetic, plastic saints. Yes, they don't laugh, that's true. But Jesus is a different kind of saint. He laughs, he drinks, he eats well, he loves. He was a true man of the earth, very earthly, rooted in the earth...
The bell tower of the Trinity Church and a residential building on Mosfilmovskaya. Who is taller?
Everything passes...
Children's playground in the churchyard.
Between the church and the nearest residential building there is a vacant lot with a dovecote (pictured) and rusty garages, to which a completely rural-looking earthen road leads through thickets of bushes. A group of “church” homeless people live on the edge of a vacant lot. In the mornings they are on duty at the church gates (tanned, grimy, middle-aged), begging for coins from passers-by, during the day they wander about their business, and in the evening they return under the walls of the temple, and their voices, not too sober, but non-aggressive, continue for a long time in the surrounding area from pitch darkness.
During the day, local residents walk past the homeless shelter; in the evening, expensive cars park two steps away from it (there is an elite residential complex nearby). Homeless people surprisingly fit into the “architecture” of one of the most prestigious areas of Moscow. This is what the life-giving cross does!
Road to garages.
Trinity Church from 2nd Mosfilmovsky Lane. A cozy little spot with fruit and vegetable stalls a stone's throw from Mosfilmovskaya Street.
Troitskoye-Golenishchevo
Near Mosfilmovskaya Street, located at the confluence of two rivers - Setun and Ramenka, there was once a rich patriarchal village of Troitskoye-Golenishchevo. There is only one church left from it, which can be reached inside the block near house No. 18 on Mosfilmovskaya Street. There, in the depths of the building, stands a church in the name of Life-Giving Trinity- a slender and somewhat austere composition, the basis of which is the tent-shaped forms of two aisles and the main church, erected on a massive base of a quadrangle with zakomars. These forms are echoed by the hipped roof of the later bell tower.
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The village became famous in Russian history for being the seat of one of our most educated hierarchs, Metropolitan Cyprian. He loved these places, not far from Moscow and at the same time calm, covered with dense, centuries-old forests. The exact location of the Cyprian country palace is unknown, but there is a chronicle mention that it stood at the confluence of the Ramenka and the Setun, that is, approximately where the chapel is now located at the Golden Keys residential complex, which is located at the Kamennaya Dam bus stop on Minskaya street.
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The name of the stop is all that remains of the village of the same name. The news that Metropolitan Cyprian lived here is contained in the “Degree Book of the Royal Genealogy”: “Staying in his village on Golenishchevo, between two rivers, Setun and Ramenki, where there were then both sexes a lot of forest, and where there is the Church of St. Basil the Great , Gregory the Theologian, John Chrysostom, and stayed there, setting up Bishops and Priests, and writing books with his own hand, and translating many holy books from Greek into Russian, and leaving enough scripture for our benefit, and the great Wonderworker, Metropolitan of All Russia , life written."
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Here he built himself a palace and his own “oprichna” church nearby, consecrated in the name of the Three Saints. Here he “loves to come often and spend time in the work of book writing, because the place is quiet and serene and calm.” Here Metropolitan Cyprian “and having fallen ill, lay there for several days and died.”
He died on September 16, 1406, from here he was escorted “honestly by the whole city” to the Assumption Cathedral in the Kremlin, where he was buried. Four days before his death, Cyprian wrote a letter “unknown and strange, like a farewell,” which he asked to be read at his burial: “Even as the venerable Bishop Gregory of Rostov did, I read it publicly, so that it may be heard in the ears of all the people. And I always honor him, then I move many of those present to tears.” In his suicide letter, Cyprian said that the main thing in life is to leave behind a spiritual legacy to teach people.
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According to Zabelin, “back when the true value of science and literature, the true price of human spiritual activity was deeply understood (on the shores of the remote Setunya”).
And after Metropolitan Cyprian, these places continued to be the favorite residence of Moscow metropolitans. So, in 1474, Metropolitan Gerontius built the Church of St. John the Evangelist down the Setun River and the courtyards “he built the towers and the cellars and the glaciers and arranged everything.”
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It is known that at the beginning of the 17th century there was already a wooden Trinity Church with a chapel of St. Leonty the Wonderworker, which was soon replaced by a stone building that exists without any special changes to this day: “March 19 (1644) by decree of the great lord St. Joseph, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia and by agreement, which was taken in the current March 152, 16 day, stone work for the apprentice Larion Mikhailov Ushakov, what should he do in the patriarchal village of Troitsky with a stone church from the borders, and should he build that church according to the decree and according to the drawing of the sovereign's apprentice Anton Kostyaninov, what was his drawing for that church building, according to the agreement for the stone church the first deposit money of one hundred rubles was given.”
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The plan of the church is almost identical to the church in Medvedkovo: the main temple at the apse level has two aisles on the sides and is surrounded on the west and south by a gallery. In 1660, a refectory and a bell tower were built. In 1812, the church was burned and, together with the northern aisle, turned into a stable.
In the southern aisle in the name of St. Jonah the Metropolitan, which survived the fire, in the iconostasis there was a remarkable ancient image of St. Jonah with his acts, painted at the beginning of the 17th century; Among the deeds - the healing of the daughter of Grand Duke Vasily Dmitrievich and the healing of the unbelieving boyar Vasily from the Kutuzov family, who subsequently appropriated the nickname Golenishchev, which is the same name for this village. Under the refectory and the northern aisle there are cellars where, as they say, the bodies of the deceased are buried. The temple was renovated in 1898-1902.
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According to the recollections of old-timers, St. Cyprian was especially revered in the church and parish. Patriarch Tikhon served here in 1921, Metropolitan Tryphon twice in 1922, and Metropolitan Peter (Polyansky) in 1923.
The temple was closed in 1939. The antimensions of the chapels of the Holy Martyr Agapius and Metropolitan Jonah were moved to the nearest active Trinity Church in Vorobyovo, where the altar of Sts. Agapius and Jonah, attached to the main one, was subsequently consecrated.
The iconostasis was taken by S. Eisenstein for the filming of the film “Ivan the Terrible”, after which it disappeared. In 1966, according to M.L. Bogoyavlensky, in the temple there was a warehouse for raw materials and finished products of the 3rd cardboard factory of the Administration of Special Enterprises Employing the Labor of Disabled People. The temple had a dirty, abandoned appearance. Scaffolding stood over it and repairs began. In 1970, the scaffolding was no longer there, but the hipped dome over the church was never covered with iron.
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There was a fence around it, and there was a checkpoint on the east side. At the end of the 70s, the warehouse was removed from the temple, the building was empty - a decent tenant could not be found. There was one old watchman sitting in the entrance. Then the temple was taken over by the Gosteleradio warehouse in 1987. which also included those who moved from the street. Dzerzhinsky 26 music library of the former radio committee, formerly Radio Comintern, with a valuable collection of manuscripts.
In 1990, the question of returning the temple to believers was raised - the community was registered and a rector, Fr. Sergiy Pravdolyubov. We were just waiting for the archive to move. In January 1991 Believers were still forced to hold prayer services under the walls of their temple. On January 7, 1992, on Christmas Day, the service was already inside the church.
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After the destruction of the Patriarchate, the village was given to the treasury and donated by Peter II to his favorite Prince Ivan Dolgorukov, but after the unexpected death of Peter, the time of the Dolgoruki was over, they lost everything they had: their property was confiscated, Troitskoye-Golenishchevo again went to the treasury and from that time it was managed by the department of the College of Economy. According to the inventory of 1752, there was “a palace, and in it there were stone chambers in one apartment with a hallway porch on four pillars, with a hipped roof, a black cathedral chamber, an embassy chamber, where the ambassador’s elder lived, a state chamber. Above the above-mentioned stone chambers, wooden ones two apartments were the cells of the Holy Patriarch."
The palace was surrounded by stone walls with corner towers. On the south side of the temple there was the Patriarchal Garden. From the church and the priest’s meadow, ponds with fish extended for 3 miles. This monastery was visited several times by the Sovereigns.
During the plague epidemic in 1771, a quarantine was set up in the already old patriarchal palace “for doubtful people who lived in the same room as the infected.” In the 18th century, factories penetrated the village: in the middle of the century, the Synod gave part of the land to the owner of the linen factory, Vasily Churashev, “as long as the factory will stand on that land.” Judging by the confessional church records in 1800, near the village there was a brick factory called Ust-Setunsky, and around it was the Ustinskaya Slobodka.
However, the factory saw greater development in the next century: in 1876, the Dosuzhev cloth finishing establishment and the Baidakov brick factory were listed here.
Before the reform of 1861, the residents of Troitsky-Golenischev were state peasants and after the reform the village developed rapidly: according to information from 1852, there were 90 households with 340 residents, in 1869 - 131 houses with 700 residents. Closer to the Moscow River, on its high bank, was the settlement of Potylikha or, as it was sometimes called, Batylikha.
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In 1869, there were 17 households with 73 residents and three factories - two shawl factories and one cloth factory. In 1927, film pavilions began to be built in the settlement, which became the basis of the largest studio in Russia, Mosfilm.
The village of Troitskoye-Golenichevo itself was completely demolished. The ancient church fence was destroyed. The church building is under state protection under number 379. Below there was the Holy Spring of Ionin, now cleared.
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Information from the site
The first mentions of Golenishchev date back to the second half of the 14th century and are associated with the names Saints Alexius (1304 - 1378) and Cyprian (1330-1406), metropolitans of Moscow.
According to the chronicler, on the Golenishchevsky land (near the present Trinity-Golenischevsky Church) there was a garden, and near the garden there were cages and cells.
Golenishchevo was especially loved by Saint Alexy’s successor in the all-Russian metropolitan see, Saint Cyprian. It is no coincidence that he chose this place for his stay at the confluence of the Ramenka River and the Setyn River, "Where then, - according to the Degree Book, - be both sexes forest many".
Well-versed in Greek and educated, Saint Cyprian devoted his leisure time here to translating church books (among others, Helmsman) from Greek into Slavic, laid the foundation Degree Book and wrote a life Saint Peter , Metropolitan of Moscow. “You wrote books with your own hand, because the place was quiet and silent and secret from all sorts of things”(i.e. the bustle and noise of city life), - testifies to his first biographer.
And at the end of his days, Saint Cyprian already lived here permanently. “And there I fell ill, lay there for several days and died.” September 16, 1406 "great in old age", in the 30th year of his priesthood.
It was from here that the relics of the saint were transferred to Moscow for funeral services and burial.
Saint Cyprian built a church in Golenishchevo "oprichnaya"(special) in the name of the Three Saints: Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom. This church was wooden and stood on a hill hitherto known as the Three Saints.
From Saint Cyprian Golenishchevo passed to his successors.
I chose this land as my place of residence. Saint Jonah , Metropolitan of Moscow (last quarter of the 14th century - 1461), who became the first Russian Patriarch. In memory of him, a chapel was built in the Trinity-Golenischevskaya Church in 1644.
In the same 1644, the wooden Trinity Church was replaced by a stone one (the architect Antipa Konstantinov ). At the same time, a stone patriarchal courtyard was built near it. It was then that the church was built as a three-altar church: the main church was in the name of the Holy Trinity, and two side chapels were in the name of St. Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow, and the holy martyr Agapius.
In 1812 The church was badly damaged by Napoleonic army.
In 1815 The Trinity Church and St. John's chapel were restored and re-consecrated.
In 1860 a new bell tower was built.
The restoration of the early twentieth century did not deprive the temple of its former originality.
In the 30s of the 20th century, there was still a living memory of Golenishchev as the lot of Moscow saints. On the day of the Holy Trinity, shortly before his death, he served the Liturgy here and walked procession to source Saint Tikhon (Belavin) , All-Russian Patriarch. A photograph of this religious procession has been preserved.
In 1937 The temple was completely destroyed, the icons were taken to the Mosfilm film studio. Later there was a rural club, a Comintern radio station, then a cardboard factory, a decorative candle factory, and, finally, a warehouse and music library of the USSR State Television and Radio.
In 1991 The temple was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. Priest Sergius Pravdolyubov was appointed rector.
March 17/30, 1991 When the resurrection of righteous Lazarus was celebrated, the temple also resurrected: the throne was consecrated in the name of St. Tikhon, Patriarch of All-Russia, and the Council of Holy New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia.
In 2000 Part of the historical territory was returned to the temple, and work began on its improvement. The land adjacent to the temple has been paved.
The temple has a set of bells. The festive ringing echoes far across the surrounding area and can be heard on Poklonnaya Hill and in the Novodevichy Convent.
Divine services are held every day at 8 o'clock, except Monday. On Sundays and great holidays, two Divine Liturgies are celebrated - an early one at 7 o'clock and a late one at 10 o'clock.
SACRED TEMPLE
There are many pieces of saints' relics in the temple.
Soon after the acquisition of Russian Orthodox Church of the relics of St. Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow, in 1992, with the blessing of His Holiness Patriarch Alexy of Moscow and All Rus', with the participation of Bishop Vasily (Rodzianko), a particle of the relics was transferred from the Donskoy Monastery to the temple Saint Tikhon .
There is a large icon in the temple with a particle of relics St. Seraphim Sarovsky . When in 1991 the Russian Church miraculously found the relics of the great saint of God (January 2/15) and they arrived for worship in Moscow, the rector and parishioners served prayer services three times at the shrine with the relics of the saint in the Epiphany Cathedral, after which the warehouse was finally evicted from the walls of the temple .
With the blessing of His Holiness Patriarch Alexy, a particle of holy relics was given to the temple Venerable Ambrose of Optina . This event occurred in 1992 during a parish pilgrimage to Optina Pustyn.
Large icon St. Sergius with the image of his holy parents and the Monk Athanasius of Athos was transferred to the temple by Mosfilm. After restoration and consecration, the icon was brought to the Lavra. A piece of holy relics donated by Fr. to the rector of the temple many years ago by an elder monk, carried by this elder through prisons and camps, was strengthened in the temple icon at the shrine of the holy relics of St. Sergius.
The icon is especially revered in the temple Holy Blessed Matrona of Anemnyasevo , in the Ryazan country shone. (Do not confuse with another Blessed Matrona - Moscow, who rests in the Intercession Monastery in the city of Moscow). The parish took an active part in preparing materials for glorifying this saint. Archpriest Sergius, rector of the church, compiled a service to Blessed Matrona. The holy akathist was written by a parishioner of the church.
Piece of relics Hieromartyr Metropolitan Vladimir of Kyiv and Galicia transferred to the parish from Kyiv and is in the icon of the sschmch. Vladimir in the iconostasis of St. Tikhon's chapel.
This is where the particles are located. relics of Kyiv saints : Saint Theodosius of Chernigov, Blessed Theophilus, Venerable Lazarus of Chernigov and Venerable monk-doctor Agapit of Kiev-Pechersk.
In the church there is an icon of the Venerable Zosima and Savvaty, Solovetsky wonderworkers, with a particle of holy relics Venerable Zosima of Solovetsky . This particle was carefully preserved in the Antimins, on which the Divine Liturgy was served in the Solovetsky camp by prisoners in holy orders, and, in memory of the Solovetsky martyrs, was first brought out for worship in the church during one of the all-night vigils for the Russian Martyrs.
Soon after the canonization of Saint Philaret (Drozdov), Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna, an icon of the saint appeared in the church Philareta with a piece of his holy relics.
Born in 1950 in the city of Spassk, Ryazan region, into the family of a priest. In 1967 he graduated from secondary and music school, violin class, in Kasimov. He entered the Moscow Gnessin Musical Pedagogical School, from where he was drafted to serve in the army. After that he graduated from the seminary, and in 1978 - the Moscow Theological Academy. He defended his PhD thesis in biblical studies. He served as a deacon and protodeacon in the St. Nicholas Church in Moscow, and then as a priest in the St. Nicholas Church in Rzhavki (Zelenograd). He taught at the Moscow Theological Academy (Assistant Professor of the Department of Liturgics) and the Orthodox St. Tikhon's Theological Institute (Professor, Head of the Department of Liturgics). Since 1990, he has been the rector of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Troitsky-Golenischev in Moscow, which had to be restored for many years.
Born on August 4, 1954 in the city of Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod).
Baptized on December 7, 1978 in the Church of the Deposition of the Robe in the village of Leonovo (Moscow). Heavenly patron - St. Nicholas of Myra. Name day - December 19th.
In 1972–1974 it took place conscript service in the ranks of the SA in the signal troops. Currently a senior lieutenant in the reserves. In 1986, through the military registration and enlistment office, he participated in the liquidation of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
In 1980 he graduated from the Geological Faculty of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov.
From 1989 to 1991 - an altar boy in the Nikolo-Khamovnichesky Church, and from 1991 to 1993 - an altar boy at the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Trinity-Golenichevo.
Born in Odessa on July 3, 1971.
In 1995 he graduated from the Odessa State Maritime Academy, worked as a ship mechanic at the Black Sea Shipping Company, and as a power engineer at the Center for International Satellite Communications.
From 1999 to 2002 he was a psalm-reader at the Church of the Intercession Holy Mother of God in the village Kunye, Kursk diocese. In 2002 he entered the Missionary Faculty of PSTGU. In 2007 he graduated from PSTGU with a degree in Religious Studies.
In 2005, he was accepted as an altar boy at the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Troitsky-Golenischev. On St. Thomas Week 2010, Bishop Kirill of Stavropol ordained him to the rank of deacon.
On May 6, 2013, on Monday of Bright Week, the day of remembrance of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious, in the church on Poklonnaya Hill, His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' ordained Father Maxim to the rank of priest.
Born in Vologda on March 3, 1963. After graduating from school, he entered the Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology (MIET) at the Faculty of Physics and Technology. After working for 3 years at the Vologda Optical-Mechanical Distribution Plant, he continued his postgraduate studies at MIET, which he graduated in 1992. On January 17 of the same year, he was baptized in the Intercession Church in the village of Golovkovo. He helped in the restoration of the temple and took part in divine services: he rang the bells, sang in the choir, then was a reader and charter leader until May 1994. From May to November 1994 he was an altar boy at the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Troitsky-Golenischev.
In 2004, on the eve of the Feast of the Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem, he was awarded a double orarion. In 2009, on Great Wednesday, His Holiness Patriarch Kirill elevated him to the rank of protodeacon.
Born on March 9, 1983 in Moscow in the family of a priest. Baptized in honor of St. Anatoly, resting in the Far Caves, commemorated July 3/16.
In 1998 he graduated from music school, clarinet class. In 2000 he graduated from secondary school No. 1323 in Moscow. In the same year, with the blessing of the family confessor, Arch. John (Krestyankin), entered the full-time department of the Theological Faculty of the Orthodox St. Tikhon Humanitarian University.
In 2006 he graduated from the master's program at PSTGU, in 2009 he completed graduate school at PSTGU. From 2006 to 2008 he taught the Liturgical Charter for the day and evening departments of PSTGU.
From 1998 to 2011, he served as an altar boy and singer in the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Trinity-Golenischev.
From July 2013 to September 7, 2014, he served as an altar server and reader at the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Troitsky-Golenischev.
